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Abstract A novel photocatalytic oxidation reactor, using Degussa P‐25 TiO2 as a stationary phase with a thickness of 1.5–2.0 um on the blades of agitator, was developed to study the photocatalytic oxidation of xenobiotics. Particularly in this device, separation of photocatalyst from the purified water after oxidation reaction was not necessary, and no other aeration equipment was required to supply oxygen. To examine the efficiency of this device, photocatalytic degradation of xenobiotic organics such as carbofuran was studied as an example. Results indicated that carbofuran could be degraded completely with mineralization efficiency of 20 % after 6 hours of oxidation under the imposed conditions. The mineralization rate of carbofuran was found to follow the pseudo‐first order reaction kinetics. Moreover, the rate constant of mineralization was found to be proportional to TiO2 film area and the square root of UV light intensity. These results implied the mineralization efficiency of carbofuran could be improved through increasing TiO2 film area and UV light intensity. Accordingly, this novel device showed potential application for degrading xenobiotics in water. 相似文献
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水产养殖与有毒有害污染物残留及其环境影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
文章介绍传统养殖模式虽然有着良好的环境效益,但养殖产量比较低下,不能满足市场需求;现有水产养殖模式养殖结构简单,过度依赖化学农用品的调控,饲料添加剂、生长促进剂、杀虫剂、抗生素等各种化学品的频繁而广泛使用,极大地阻碍了水产养殖业的可持续发展,要降低水产养殖对环境的负面影响,减少水产品中有毒有害物质的污染,必须调整现有的养殖模式,吸收传统水产养殖业中多元化、多层次特点和现代养殖模式中的集约化、规模化特点,摈弃高消耗、高污染的发展模式,合理使用农用化学品,控制养殖水体的污染,发展绿色水产品生产,走可持续发展的道路,这是未来水产养殖业发展的必然方向。 相似文献
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Abstract A simple, accurate automated respirometer is proposed to be used for testing the biodegradability of various xenobiotics. Compost is used as a source for microorganisms. The basic principle of the respirometer is that all oxygen consumed by the microorganisms is replaced by an equal amount of oxygen produced in an electrolytic cell which is plotted against time in a registration unit. The proposed method is illustrated with pentachlorophenol as xenobiotic compound. The advantages of this respirometer over other common equipment is briefly discussed. 相似文献
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Schröder P Navarro-Aviñó J Azaizeh H Goldhirsh AG DiGregorio S Komives T Langergraber G Lenz A Maestri E Memon AR Ranalli A Sebastiani L Smrcek S Vanek T Vuilleumier S Wissing F 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2007,14(7):490-497
Goal, Scope and Background One of the burning problems of our industrial society is the high consumption of water and the high demand for clean drinking
water. Numerous approaches have been taken to reduce water consumption, but in the long run it seems only possible to recycle
waste water into high quality water. It seems timely to discuss alternative water remediation technologies that are fit for
industrial as well as less developed countries to ensure a high quality of drinking water throughout Europe.
Main Features The present paper discusses a range of phytoremediation technologies to be applied in a modular approach to integrate and
improve the performance of existing wastewater treatment, especially towards the emerging micro pollutants, i.e. organic chemicals
and pharmaceuticals. This topic is of global relevance for the EU.
Results Existing technologies for waste water treatment do not sufficiently address increasing pollution situation, especially with
the growing use of organic pollutants in the private household and health sector. Although some crude chemical approaches
exist, such as advanced oxidation steps, most waste water treatment plants will not be able to adopt them. The same is true
for membrane technologies.
Discussion Incredible progress has been made during recent years, thus providing us with membranes of longevity and stability and, at
the same time, high filtration capacity. However, these systems are expensive and delicate in operation, so that the majority
of communities will not be able to afford them. Combinations of different phytoremediation technologies seem to be most promising
to solve this burning problem.
Conclusions To quantify the occurrence and the distribution of micropollutants, to evaluate their effects, and to prevent them from passing
through wastewater collection and treatment systems into rivers, lakes and ground water bodies represents an urgent task for
applied environmental sciences in the coming years.
Recommendations Public acceptance of green technologies is generally higher than that of industrial processes. The EU should stimulate research
to upgrade existing waste water treatment by implementing phytoremediation modules and demonstrating their reliability to
the public. 相似文献
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