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91.
Lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus Girard, have a 3-month pelagic larval stage and are an important recreational and commercial species on the west coast of
North America. Cytochrome-c oxidase I sequences from tissue samples were used to characterize population structure and infer
patterns of gene flow from California to Alaska. No significant genetic structure was found when estimates of Wright’s F
ST (i.e., ΦST) were generated among all populations sampled. Nesting populations within regions, however, indicated that the inner coast
of Washington State is distinct, a result corroborating previous allozyme work. Coalescent-based estimates of gene flow indicate
that although migration can be high from an evolutionary perspective, nearly half of all comparisons among populations showed
no gene flow in at least one direction. From an ecological perspective, moderate migration rates (Nm < 10) among most populations provide surprisingly limited connectivity at large (∼ 1,000 km) and small (∼100 km) spatial
scales. Coalescent-based estimates also show that gene flow between the inner and the outer coasts is asymmetric, a result
consistent with prevailing surface currents. Because the expected inter-locus variances for coalescent-based estimates of
gene flow are likely large, future work will benefit from analyses of nuclear DNA markers. However, limited demographic connectivity
on large spatial scales may help explain why stock recovery has been uneven, with greater recovery in the northern (87% rebuilt)
than in the southern (24% rebuilt) fishery region, supporting a regional management strategy. These results suggest that despite
a 3-month pelagic larval stage, some areas may be effectively closed with respect to both population dynamics and fishery
management issues. 相似文献
92.
Relationship between different size classes of particulate matter and meteorology in three European cities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
de Hartog JJ Hoek G Mirme A Tuch T Kos GP ten Brink HM Brunekreef B Cyrys J Heinrich J Pitz M Lanki T Vallius M Pekkanen J Kreyling WG 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(4):302-310
Evidence on the correlation between particle mass and (ultrafine) particle number concentrations is limited. Winter- and spring-time measurements of urban background air pollution were performed in Amsterdam (The Netherlands), Erfurt (Germany) and Helsinki (Finland), within the framework of the EU funded ULTRA study. Daily average concentrations of ambient particulate matter with a 50% cut off of 2.5 microm (PM2.5), total particle number concentrations and particle number concentrations in different size classes were collected at fixed monitoring sites. The aim of this paper is to assess differences in particle concentrations in several size classes across cities, the correlation between different particle fractions and to assess the differential impact of meteorological factors on their concentrations. The medians of ultrafine particle number concentrations were similar across the three cities (range 15.1 x 10(3)-18.3 x 10(3) counts cm(-3)). Within the ultrafine particle fraction, the sub fraction (10-30 nm) made a higher contribution to particle number concentrations in Erfurt than in Helsinki and Amsterdam. Larger differences across the cities were found for PM2.5(range 11-17 microg m(-3)). PM2.5 and ultrafine particle concentrations were weakly (Amsterdam, Helsinki) to moderately (Erfurt) correlated. The inconsistent correlation for PM2.5 and ultrafine particle concentrations between the three cities was partly explained by the larger impact of more local sources from the city on ultrafine particle concentrations than on PM2.5, suggesting that the upwind or downwind location of the measuring site in regard to potential particle sources has to be considered. Also, relationship with wind direction and meteorological data differed, suggesting that particle number and particle mass are two separate indicators of airborne particulate matter. Both decreased with increasing wind speed, but ultrafine particle number counts consistently decreased with increasing relative humidity, whereas PM2.5 increased with increasing barometric pressure. Within the ultrafine particle mode, nucleation mode (10-30 nm) and Aitken mode (30-100 nm) had distinctly different relationships with accumulation mode particles and weather conditions. Since the composition of these particle fractions also differs, it is of interest to test in future epidemiological studies whether they have different health effects. 相似文献
93.
Marko Zupan Jürgen W. Einax Jörg Kraft Franc Lobnik Vida Hudnik 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2000,7(2):89-96
Geostatistical and multivariate methods of data analysis are used to describe patterns of soil pollution with inorganic contaminants
in Celje County, Slovenia. Groups of contaminants and polluted sites were identified using cluster analysis and confirmed
with multidimensional variance and discriminant analysis. Factor analysis yields an identification of not directly observable
relationships between the contaminants. The spatial structure and distribution of contaminants were assessed by applying semivariogram
analysis and kriging interpolation method. Zinc, Cd and Cu were identified as a pollutant emitted from the zinc smelter, Pb
also from other sources, and Cr and Ni mostly from geological parent material. 相似文献
94.
Milana Rakić Maja Karaman Sofija Forkapić Jan Hansman Marko Kebert Kristina Bikit Dušan Mrdja 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11283-11292
Edible and medicinal macrofungi used in human diet represent not only important sources of nutritive elements but toxic substances as well (heavy metals and radionuclides). Radioactivity levels of four radionuclides (40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, 228Ra) were determined in the basidiomata (fruiting bodies of a Basidiomycetes) of six lignicolous (Fomitopsis pinicola, Ganoderma applanatum, Hericium clathroides, Megacollybia platyphylla, Pluteus cervinus, Trametes gibbosa) and three mycorrhizal (Boletus luridus, Boletus sp. 1, Boletus sp. 2) species as well as their soil (wood) substrates by gamma spectrometry (high-resolution high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector). The aim was to investigate their ability for radionuclide absorption according to transfer factors (from soil and wood), to predict potential bioindicator species as well as species with potential risk for human use. Samples were taken during years 2011 and 2012, at two sites in forest ecosystem of Tara Mountain (Serbia). Observed concentration ranges per dry weight were as follows: 29–3,020 Bq/kg (40K), 21.9–735 Bq/kg (137Cs), 3–39 Bq/kg (226Ra), and 2.0–18 Bq/kg (228Ra). Obtained results indicate that the type of basidiome (fleshy/tough), most likely due to a different metabolic rate, has a very important role in radionuclide accumulation. The highest activity concentrations of all analyzed radionuclides were found in species with fleshy basidiomata—P. cervinus, H. clathroides, M. platyphylla, and Boletus species. A species-specific influence on radionuclide uptake was more prominent comparing to habitat differences and the role of fungal trophic mode. No significant variations were observed regarding radionuclide activity among the same fungal species from different sampling sites. 相似文献
95.
Stefan Banzhaf Marko Filipovic Jeffrey Lewis Charlotte J. Sparrenbom Roland Barthel 《Ambio》2017,46(3):335-346
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are found in aquatic systems, flora, and fauna worldwide. These potentially harmful compounds are also frequently detected in Sweden and have already resulted in severe problems for public drinking water supply, i.e., some wells had to be closed due to high PFAS concentrations both in raw water and produced drinking water. Knowledge on PFAS occurrence in Sweden is still quite low, although monitoring is currently ongoing. This work describes potential sources for PFASs to enter the drinking water supply in Sweden and compares different occurrences of PFASs in raw and drinking water in the country. Moreover, the monitoring history, the legal situation, and remediation actions taken are presented. Finally, future challenges and the way forward in Sweden are discussed. 相似文献
96.
Marin Kovacic Subhan Salaeh Hrvoje Kusic Andraz Suligoj Marko Kete Mattia Fanetti Urska Lavrencic Stangar Dionysios D. Dionysiou Ana Loncaric Bozic 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(18):17982-17994
The study is aimed at evaluating the potential of immobilized TiO2-based zeolite composite for solar-driven photocatalytic water treatment. In that purpose, TiO2-iron-exchanged zeolite (FeZ) composite was prepared using commercial Aeroxide TiO2 P25 and iron-exchanged zeolite of ZSM5 type, FeZ. The activity of TiO2-FeZ, immobilized on glass support, was evaluated under solar irradiation for removal of diclofenac (DCF) in water. TiO2-FeZ immobilized in a form of thin film was characterized for its morphology, structure, and composition using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was used to determine potential changes in band gaps of prepared TiO2-FeZ in comparison to pure TiO2. The influence of pH, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, FeZ wt% within the composite, and photocatalyst dosage on DCF removal and conversion efficiency by solar/TiO2-FeZ/H2O2 process was investigated. TiO2-FeZ demonstrated higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2 under solar irradiation in acidic conditions and presence of H2O2. 相似文献
97.
Bolanča Tomislav Strahovnik Tomislav Ukić Šime Stankov Mirjana Novak Rogošić Marko 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(19):16172-16185
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study describes the development of tool for testing different policies for reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy sector using... 相似文献
98.
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