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21.
Cynthia Armendáriz-Arnez Rufus D. Edwards Michael Johnson Irma A. Rosas F. Espinosa Omar R. Masera 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(24):2881-2886
Particulate pollution has been clearly linked with adverse health impacts from open fire cookstoves, and indoor air concentrations are frequently used as a proxy for exposures in health studies. Implicit are the assumptions that the size distributions for the open fire and improved stove are not significantly different, and that the relationship between indoor concentrations and personal exposures is the same between stoves. To evaluate the impact of these assumptions size distributions of particulate matter in indoor air were measured with the Sioutas cascade impactor in homes using open fires and improved Patsari stoves in a rural Purepecha community in Michoacan, Mexico. On average indoor concentrations of particles less than 0.25 μm were 72% reduced in homes with improved Patsari stoves, reflecting a reduced contribution of this size fraction to PM2.5 mass concentrations from 68% to 48%. As a result the mass median diameter of indoor PM2.5 particulate matter was increased by 29% with the Patsari improved stove compared to the open fire (from 0.42 μm to 0.59 μm, respectively). Personal PM2.5 exposure concentrations for women in homes using open fires were approximately 61% of indoor concentration levels (156 μg m?3 and 257 μg m?3 respectively). In contrast personal exposure concentrations were 77% times indoor air concentration levels for women in homes using improved Patsari stoves (78 μg m?3and 101 μg m?3 respectively). Thus, if indoor air concentrations are used in health and epidemiologic studies significant bias may result if the shift in size distribution and the change in relationship between indoor air concentrations and personal exposure concentrations are not accounted for between different stove types. 相似文献
22.
Diet-mediated effects of heavy metal pollution on growth and immune response in the geometrid moth Epirrita autumnata 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
van Ooik T Rantala MJ Saloniemi I 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,145(1):348-354
The potential capacity of larval growth and immune response traits of the autumnal moth to adapt to heavy metal polluted environment was tested experimentally. Both the relative growth rate (RGR) and pupal weight were significantly higher in control trees than on polluted trees, indicating that metal pollution prevented the insect from achieving maximal growth on birch leaves. Larval growth rates of different broods differed significantly between metal contaminated and control birches. However, pupal weight of broods, which is considered more important for fitness than growth rate, in response to pollution did not differ. Immune response was significantly higher in moths exposed to pollution than in moths that were exposed to control environment suggesting that pollution enhances the immune defense of defoliators. Encapsulation rate tended to differ between broods indicating that the immune function has potential to respond to selection. 相似文献
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Theresa M. Marteau Irma Nippert Sue Hall Caroline Limbert Margaret Reid Martin Bobrow Alan Cameron Martina Cornel Mariet van Diem Bernd Eiben Sixto García-Miñaur Janine Goujard Donna Kirwan Karen McIntosh Peter Soothill Corien Verschuuren-Bemelmans Catherine de Vigan Stephen Walkinshaw Lenore Abramsky Frank Louwen Peter Miny Jürgen Horst 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(7):562-566
26.
Castillo-Monroy Jesús Godínez Luis A. Robles Irma Estrada-Vargas Arturo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23699-23706
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Vinasse wastewater from tequila industry that has been conventionally treated is usually characterized by a chemical oxygen demand (COD) above... 相似文献
27.
The water solubility of 9,10-dihydroanthracene was experimentally determined between 278.12 and 313.17 K. Determinations were carried out by an experimental procedure developed in our laboratory, which is a modification of the dynamic coupled column liquid chromatographic technique. The uncertainty of the experimental determinations ranged from +/- 0.50% to +/- 3.10%. These data, as well as the water solubility data of other five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) previously studied, were used to calculate the temperature dependence of the infinite dilution activity coefficient of 9,10-dihydroanthracene, anthracene, pyrene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, m-terphenyl, and guaiazulene in water. Molar excess enthalpies and entropies at infinite dilution, at 298.15 K, were also derived. The temperature dependence of the infinite dilution activity coefficients was used, together with literature values of the vapor pressures of supercooled liquid PAHs (p(B)(sc)), to estimate their Henry's law constants (HLC). Only HLC for anthracene, pyrene, and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene were calculated, since no p(B)(sc) data were available in the literature for 9,10-dihydroanthracene, m-terphenyl, and guaiazulene. From the observed temperature dependence of the Henry's law constants the enthalpy and entropy of the phase change from the dissolved phase to the gas phase were also derived for anthracene, pyrene, and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene. 相似文献
28.
Wu Yudi Trejo Helen X. Chen Gang Li Simeng 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(10):14405-14435
Environment, Development and Sustainability - The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in wastewater treatment plant effluents is a significant underlying health risk and... 相似文献
29.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic substances which are resistant to environmental degradation due to their highly hydrophobic nature. Soils contaminated with PAHs pose potential risks to human and ecological health, therefore concern over their adverse effects have resulted in extensive studies on their removal from contaminated soils. The main purpose of this study was to compare experimental results of PAHs removal, from a natural certified soil polluted with PAHs, by biological methods (using bioaugmentation and biostimulation in a solid-state culture) with those from supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), using supercritical ethane as solvent. The comparison of results between the two methods showed that maximal removal of naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, and chrysene was performed using bioremediation; however, for the rest of the PAHs considered (fluoranthene, pyrene, and benz(a)anthracene) SFE resulted more efficient. Although bioremediation achieved higher removal ratios for certain hydrocarbons and takes advantage of the increased rate of natural biological processes, it takes longer time (i.e. 36 d vs. half an hour) than SFE and it is best for 2-3 PAHs rings. 相似文献
30.
Luisa F. Mariscal-Mendizábal Rosalba Sevilla-Montoya Alfonso J. Martínez-García Carmen Alaez-Verson Irma E. Monroy-Muñoz Javier Pérez-Durán Jorge A. Cerón-Albarrán Karol Carrillo-Sánchez Carolina Molina-Garay Luis L. Flores-Lagunes Marco Jimenez-Olivares Mónica Aguinaga-Ríos 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(11):998-1004