The concentration of uranium has been assessed in drinking water samples collected from different locations in Bathinda district,
Punjab, India. The water samples are taken from hand pumps and tube wells. Uranium is determined using fission track technique.
Uranium concentration in the water samples varies from 2.23± 0.05 to 87.05± 0.29 μg/L. These values are compared with safe
limit values recommended for drinking water. The uranium concentration in almost all drinking water samples is found to be
more than the safe limit. Analysis of some heavy metals viz. Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in water is made. The concentration of sodium,
potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine and total hardness along with the pH value and conductivity of the water samples are
measured. Some of the samples show stunningly high values of these parameters. 相似文献
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Spatial patterns of land surface temperature (LST), surface urban heat island (SUHI), surface urban cold island (SUCI), and their seasonal variations during January (winter) and September (summer) were analyzed over the three cities of Indian Punjab (Balachaur, Ludhiana and Bathinda) using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellite data of the years 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2018. Urban hot spots and Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) were used to measure the ecological environment of these cities. Land surface temperature was retrieved from Landsat satellite data using Plank equation, mono-window algorithm (MWA), single-channel algorithm (SCA), and radiative transfer equation. The LST derived using these algorithms was validated with MODIS-LST product. The relationship between LST derived from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 using the four methods and MODIS-LST product was higher with the SCA algorithm (R2?>?0.75). Land surface temperature was significantly positively correlated with built-up but significantly negatively correlated with vegetation. The surface urban heat intensity was higher during September than January, and it was higher in Ludhiana followed by Bathinda and Balachaur, irrespective of the season. Besides built-up area and population density, soil moisture availability in surrounding rural areas has significant impact on increasing surface urban heat intensity during September than January. The SUCIs were formed in the center of Bathinda city during January 1991, but these were in Ludhiana and Balachaur cities during January 2011. The most critical areas for ecological environment based on UTFVI were identified and the critical UTFVI values (>?0.020) were highest in Bathinda city followed by Balachaur and Ludhiana cities. These results suggest that SUHIs and SUCIs are influenced by seasons and the mitigating plans to counteract the overheating of urban areas should be formulated taking into account soil moisture availability in surrounding rural areas, landscape pattern, seasonal variations, local climatic conditions, urban growth, and development plan etc.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The identification of harmful metal ions in aquatic environments is a global concern since these contaminants can have serious consequences for... 相似文献
Pollution and climate change degrade plant health. Plant stress can be decreased by application of salicylic acid, an hormone involved in plant signaling. Salicylic acid indeed initiates pathogenesis-related gene expression and synthesis of defensive compounds involved in local resistance and systemic acquired resistance. Salicylic acid may thus be used against pathogen virulence, heavy metal stresses, salt stress, and toxicities of other elements. Applied salicylic acid improves photosynthesis, growth, and various other physiological and biochemical characteristics in stressed plants. Salicylic acid antagonizes the oxidative damaging effect of metal toxicity directly by acting as an antioxidant to scavenge the reactive oxygen species and by activating the antioxidant systems of plants and indirectly by reducing uptake of metals from their medium of growth. We review here the use of exogenous salicylic acid in alleviating bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases, heavy metal toxicity, toxicity of essential micronutrients, and salt stress. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The release of untreated/partially treated effluent and solid waste from textile dyeing industries, having un-reacted dyes, their hydrolysed products... 相似文献