Toxicity assessing for chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil with three different earthworm test methods

Earthworm toxicity tests are useful tools for terrestrial risk assessment but require a hierarchy of test designs that differ in effect levels (behavior, sublethal, lethal). In this study, the toxicity of chlorpyrifos contaminated soil on earthworms was assessed. In addition to the acute and chronic tests, an avoidance response test was applied. Earthworms were exposed to sublethal and lethal concentration of chlorpyrifos, and evaluated for acute toxicity, growth, fecundity and avoidance response after a certain exposure period. The test methods covered all important ecological relevant endpoints (acute, chronic, behavioral). Concentration of 78.91 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos caused significant toxic effects in all test methods, but at lower test concentrations, only significant chronic toxic effects could be observed. In the present study, chlorpyrifos had adverse effect on growth and fecundity in earthworm exposed to 5 mg/kg chlorpyrifos after eight weeks. The avoidance response test, however, showed significant repellent effects concentration of 40 mg/kg chlorpyrifos. For chlorpyrifos, concentration affecting avoidance response was far greater than growth and fecundity, it seemed likely that earthworms were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides.     

柴油添加剂的研究——有机钡盐的消烟助燃作用

本文介绍一种以有机钡盐为主的复合型柴油添加剂,其主要成分是过氧化钡与环烷酸在焦化汽油中反应所生成的环烷酸钡。台架实验结果表明,该添加剂在柴油中添加量为0.5—1.5‰(重量,以钡计)时,取得了消烟率40.9—66.3％、节能0.36—4.42％的效果。行车试验也证明本添加剂具有优良的消烟节能作用,当添加量为1.0‰(重量,以钡计)时,平均消烟率为67.7％,节油5.21％。     

高速公路噪声预测和计算机模拟的研究

介绍了中国公路交通噪声预测模式，并根据该模式用VC 语言开发一种噪声值预测软件，生成噪声等声级线图．以详细的实例进行分析说明。     

新经济开发区发展与环境规划探讨

近几年来，随着区域经济开发在全国各地大规模展开．区域环境研究受到普遍重视．协调新经济开发区发展与环境的关系显示出其实用价值。本文在吸收老工业区和城市环境经济综合规划理论和经验的基础上，探讨了新经济开发区经济发展与环境保护协调规划的基本原则、研究内容和方法。     

关于排污权交易市场设置的探索研究

排污权交易在我国经过了近30年的探索和实践,仍然停留在试点工作上的原因在于该制度的推广还存在一些困难。本文针对我国部分排污权交易试点地区由于市场容量过小,导致排污权供给不足,出现供不应求情况的问题,以山西省排污权交易开展现状为例,从人口、经济、政策环境等方面对影响市场设置的因素作出初步探索和分析,认为按照省级行政区域来划分市场范围是目前比较合理的选择,可以充分发挥排污权交易机制在市场资源配置方面的作用。     

Zn~(2+)对滇池藻类生长的影响

有关氮、磷对滇池藻类生长的影响研究,已有大量的报道,有关其它元素对滇池藻类影响的研究报道较少。本研究以滇池藻样为实验对象,实验不同Zn2+浓度对滇池藻类的影响情况,结果表明,高Zn2+浓度以抑制滇池藻类生长为主,低Zn2+浓度以促进滇池藻类生长为主。实验结果表明,在控制滇池湖藻类生长时,除了要注意控制N,P之外,还应考虑Zn2+对藻类生长的影响。     

氨电极测定炼油废水中的氨氮

介绍了电极法测定废水中氨氮的原理以及电极法测定炼油废水中氨氮的实际应用情况，并对在实际应用中遇到的干扰问题进行了探讨。     

危险废物特性比较研究

介绍了中国、美国及欧盟等国家和地区危险废物危险特性的定义及其鉴别指标体系。通过对三者的优缺点比较,分析了我国定义危险特性存在的问题．提出了我国危险废物特性制定建议。     

物化——生化两级处理工艺处理粘胶纤维生产废水

介绍粘胶纤维生产废水的来源、水质特点及物化--生化两级处理工艺。给出了主要构筑物的技术参数及实际工程运行效果，并对该工艺存在的问题进行了讨论。     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs : (Ⅰ) Production of laccase by batch and repeated-batch processes

The production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor was studied.The effect of cultivation on laccase production by Coriolus versicolor was examined to obtain optimal medium and cultivation conditions.Both batch and repeated-batch processes were performed for laccase production.In repeated-batch fermentation with self-immobilized mycelia, total of 14 cycles were performed with laccase activity in the range between 3.4 and 14.8U/ml.