Sustainable ternary cement blends with high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag–fly ash

Environment, Development and Sustainability - Coal fly ash and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) are more widely used as supplementary cementitious materials in cement production. This...     

可持续发展评估的新方法：“甜甜圈”理论的中国案例分析

“甜甜圈”理论是行星边界可持续发展评估体系中不可或缺的一部分。在原有的15个社会经济系统评估维度的基础上,针对不同研究样本概括了每个维度对应的具体指标,并总结了指标阈值设定的方法,包括惯例的延续、经验的借鉴以及典型样本的参考等。在此基础上,利用统计年鉴和中国综合社会调查（CGSS）数据,创新性地将“十二五”规划文件中相关指标的预期值设定为阈值,揭示了中国在收入水平和工作机会方面已达到最优状态,贫困问题得到了一定程度的解决,但水资源和能耗方面表现不佳;中国南部地区“自西向东”可持续发展程度越来越高,中国北部则是“自北往南”。社会经济系统需要在内容的丰富、理论的深化和阈值的客观设定等方面进一步完善。     

Associations of residential greenness with obesity and BMI level among Chinese rural population: findings from the Henan Rural Cohort Study

In recent years, increasing evidence supports the notion that obesity risk is affected by residential greenness. However, limited studies have been established in low- and middle-income countries, especially in China. The study aimed to evaluate the associations of residential greenness with obesity and body mass index (BMI) level in Chinese rural-dwelling adults. A total of 39,259 adults from the Henan Rural Cohort Study (HRCS) were included in the analyses. According to the guideline for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults, obesity was defined as BMI?≥?28 kg/m². Residential greenness was measured by satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Generalized linear mixed models were used to study the associations between exposure to residential greenness with obesity and BMI level. Higher residential greenness was significantly correlated with lower odds of obesity and BMI level. For example, in the full-adjusted analyses, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in EVI_500-m was linked with reduced odds of obesity (OR?=?0.77, 95%CI 0.72–0.82) and BMI level (β?=????0.41 kg/m², 95%CI???0.48 to???0.33 kg/m²). Mediation analyses showed air pollution and physical activity could be potential mediators in these associations. Besides, we found that the association of NDVI_500-m with BMI was stronger in females and low-income populations. Higher residential greenness was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity and BMI level, particularly among females and the low-income population. These relationships were partially mediated by reducing air pollution and increasing physical activity.

     

Nitrogen modulates early growth and physio-biochemical attributes in fragrant rice grown under cadmium and multiwall carbon nanotubes stresses

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrogen (N) modulates plant growth, but its impact on the early growth and physio-biochemical characteristics of rice under cadmium (Cd) and...     

磺胺类抗生素对斜生栅藻的协同和拮抗作用研究

环境中抗生素复合污染产生的毒性效应具有潜在风险。为系统考察磺胺类抗生素(SAs)混合物的联合毒性效应，以环境中常见的磺胺吡啶(SPY)、磺胺甲基嘧啶(SMR)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)、磺胺甲氧哒嗪(SMP)、磺胺甲恶唑(SMZ)和磺胺喹噁啉(SQ) 6种SAs及其二元混合物体系(共75条混合物射线)为研究对象，利用96孔微板测定6种SAs及其二元混合物对斜生栅藻(So)的生长抑制毒性，通过浓度加和(CA)、独立作用(IA)模型和模型偏移率(MDR)分析混合物的联合毒性及毒性相互作用。结果表明，6种SAs及其混合物射线对So在96 h呈现明显的毒性，但不同SAs的毒性大小不同，以半数效应浓度的负对数(pEC_(50))为毒性大小指标，6种SAs的毒性大小顺序为：SQ(pEC_(50)=5.311)>SPY(pEC_(50)=3.757)≈SMZ(pEC_(50)=3.749)>SMP(pEC_(50)=3.680)>SM2(pEC_(50)=3.090)>SMR(pEC_(50)=2.595);不同组分SAs混合物对So的联合毒性存在差异，大部分混合物毒性存在组分浓度依赖性，而有小部分混合物毒性则不存在组分浓度依赖性；15个SAs混合物体系以拮抗作用和协同作用为主。混合体系组分的浓度比不同会产生不同的相互作用类型。在10%效应下，含有组分SPY的混合体系大多呈现协同作用，且随组分SPY浓度比的增大，协同作用增强。含有组分SMR的混合体系均呈现拮抗作用，且随着组分SMR浓度比的增大，拮抗作用增强。研究成果为抗生素的生态风险评估提供重要的基础数据。     

某典型污染场地土壤中氯代烃类污染的空间分布与污染成因

针对氯代烃类污染物在天津海陆交互相沉积成因第四系中的空间分布与成因研究,选取了生产历史长达19年的某农药原料提纯污染场地,通过地质勘察、监测采样与测试分析等手段查明了该场地土壤中氯代烃类污染的空间分布与污染成因。结果表明:该场地内超标的氯代烃类包括三氯甲烷、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、四氯化碳、氯乙烯,污染分别以西部车间、中部车间、北部化工库、东部办公室、中部车间与东部仓库之间位置为中心向四周展开运移,污染物含量整体上先随深度增加逐渐升高至峰值,后随深度增加而大幅降低,含量峰值主要积聚于陆相层粉质黏土④₂层的中部及底部,以及海相层粉质黏土⑥₁层或粉土⑥₃层的上部,表明粉质黏土④₂层与粉质黏土⑥₁层在一定程度上有效阻滞了污染运移,这与其黏粒粉粒含量高、砂粒含量低和渗透性差等特性有关。