食品企业周边空气中异味挥发性有机物测定方法比较

以1个典型食品生产企业(酱菜厂)周边的异味挥发性有机物监测为例,介绍了罐采样-GC/MS、便携式GC/MS、SPME-GC/MS以及SPME-异味分析系统等4种监测方法的实际应用,从定性、定量监测结果等方面,比较了4种监测方法的特点。罐采样-GC/MS、便携式GC-MS 2种方法适用于定性、定量检测,在有标准样品的前提下,定量结果总体可比;SPME-GC/MS以及SPME-异味分析系统2种方法更适用于定性检测。     

Effect of Mn2+ on the phosphorus removal and bioflocculation under anoxic condition

Manganese ion (Mn²⁺) generated from metallurgical, steel making and chemical industries enters sewage treatment plants and affects the sludge activity and flocculation. The effect of Mn²⁺ on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus (TP) and sludge activity were investigated in anoxic zone of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A²O) process. The compositions and structures of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were characterized using three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to reveal the relationship among Mn²⁺, EPS and sludge flocculation.The results showed that low concentration of Mn²⁺ (<5 mg/L) improved removal efficiencies of COD and TP and increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and dehydrogenase. Meanwhile, the addition of Mn²⁺ increased total EPS, sludge contact angle, Zeta potential and sludge particle size, and thus enhanced sludge flocculation. However, high concentration of Mn²⁺ (>10 mg/L) hindered microbial flocculation and reduced removal efficiencies of the pollutants. When Mn²⁺was 5 mg/L, removal efficiencies of COD and TP reached 65% and 90%, respectively. Sludge flocculation was the best and SVI was 70.56 mL/g. The changes of Mn²⁺ concentration caused deviation of groups’ compositions in LB-EPS and TB-EPS, where the main components were always protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS). The addition of Mn²⁺ resulted in the degradation of humic acids. However, it did not give rise to significant morphology changes of EPS.     

Numerical analysis on a novel CGPFs for improving NOx conversion efficiency and particulate combustion efficiency to reduce exhaust pollutant emissions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Improving the NOx conversion efficiency and particulate combustion efficiency under cold-start conditions (low-temperature conditions) is still the...     

PM2.5-bound phthalates and phthalate substitutes in a megacity of southern China: spatioseasonal variations,source apportionment,and risk assessment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plasticizers are ubiquitous pollutants in the environment, whereas few efforts have been made to elucidate their emission sources in the atmosphere....     

食品生产企业周边空气中的异味监测

简述了食品生产企业产生的异味无机物、有机物的种类,指出其异味主要来源于食品加工、原料贮存以及废物处理等环节,分析了异味物质的产生机理。介绍了空气中异味物质的监测方法包括,嗅辨法、气相色谱-质谱联用法、傅里叶红外光谱法以及气相色谱/气相色谱-质谱与嗅闻联用法等,及其适用性,以及测定结果的评价方法。     

Analysis of degradation and pathways of three common antihistamine drugs by NaClO,UV, and UV-NaClO methods

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Antihistamines (ANTs) are medicines to treat allergic diseases. They have been frequently detected in the natural water environment, posing potential...     

基于"端—边—云"的社区设备设施风险监测系统

为解决社区设备设施存在的风险问题,本文以社区设备设施的监测监控、预测预警及智能防范为目标,提出一种基于"端—边—云"的社区设备设施风险监测系统,并详细介绍基于"端—边—云"的风险监测系统的总体架构及终端层、边缘层和云层的架构、设计方案和可以实现的具体功能,结果表明:该系统实现社区设备设施安全从"故障检、周期检"到"风险检、智能检"的提升,提高社区科学化、精细化和智能化的综合治理水平.     

Seed priming with brassinosteroids alleviates aluminum toxicity in rice via improving antioxidant defense system and suppressing aluminum uptake

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Brassinosteroids (BRs) are growth-promoting hormones that exhibit high biological activities across various plant species. BRs shield plants against...