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991.
上海郊区稻田氮素流失研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
通过测坑和大田小区试验,研究了上海郊区稻田氮素排水流失和渗漏流失的特征、相关因素和流失负荷。结果表明,稻田综合排水TN为6.55mg/L,流失负荷为16.68kg/hm^2,以铵态氮为主,稻田氮素的排水流失负荷为16.68kg/hm^2。稻田渗漏水氮浓度与前茬作物有关,草莓和蔬菜高,麦茬低,TN为5.73mg/L,渗漏负荷为22.92kg/hm^2,其中硝态氮占50%左右。稻田氮素总流失负荷占稻季化肥用量的13.23%。测坑和大田试验都证明,施用有机肥可较多地减少稻田氮素流失量。 相似文献
992.
将循环活性污泥系统(Cyclic Activated Sludge System,CASS)与膜过滤技术组合为一体式膜生物反应器(Submerged Membrane Bioreactor,SMBR),研究其用于生活污水回用处理的可行性,对该工艺的适宜运行条件进行了研究.结果表明,水力停留时间(HRT)为4 h、DO在2.0~3.5 mg/L、温度控制在常温、pH在6.5~8.0的运行条件是比较经济高效的.并考察了装置对实际生活污水的处理效果,结果表明出水水质优异,优于中水回用标准(CJ 25.1-89). 相似文献
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危险废物因具有毒性、易燃性、腐蚀性、反应性和感染性等多种危害特性,如果暴露于环境中将会对生态环境和人类健康造成很大威胁;所以及时而有效地处理处置危险废物意义极为重大.文章简要地介绍了危险废物的定义及其来源,并指出其对环境和人类造成的危害,总结了我国目前的危险废物处理处置技术的现状,根据我国危险废物污染防治的技术路线和技术政策,分析了危险废物的处置措施,系统地论述了常规危险废物的常用处置方法,从而揭示了我国在危险废物处理处置方面及管理方面的问题,并提出针对危险废物处理处置的对策与建议. 相似文献
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Linlin Wang Litao Tang Ran Wang Xiaoya Wang Jinshao Ye Yan Long 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(6):5166-5178
There is global concern about the effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) on environmental and public health. The molecular properties, biosorption, degradation, accumulation, and cellular metabolic effects of BDE209 were investigated in this study to identify the mechanisms involved in the aerobic biodegradation of BDE209. BDE209 is initially absorbed by wall teichoic acid and N-acetylglucosamine side chains in peptidoglycan, and then, BDE209 is transported and debrominated through three pathways, giving tri-, hepta-, octa-, and nona-bromodiphenyl ethers. The C–C bond energies decrease as the number of bromine atoms on the diphenyl decreases. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) inhibit protein expression or accelerate protein degradation and increase membrane permeability and the release of Cl?, Na+, NH4 +, arabinose, proteins, acetic acid, and oxalic acid. However, PBDEs increase the amounts of K+, Mg2+, PO4 3?, SO4 2?, and NO3 ? assimilated. The biosorption, degradation, accumulation, and removal efficiencies when Brevibacillus brevis (1 g L?1) was exposed to BDE209 (0.5 mg L?1) for 7 days were 7.4, 69.5, 16.3, and 94.6 %, respectively. 相似文献
998.
Qian Li Hongbing Ji Fei Qin Lei Tang Xinyue Guo Jinguo Feng 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(10):6605-6626
Mining has been carried out upstream of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, for several decades, and has caused metal emissions to the environment, threatening human health. We conducted a soil survey to assess metal contamination in this area and to determine distribution of heavy metals in the particle size. We attempted to determine the possible sources of the metals and the significance of metals in the fine particle fractions to soil risk assessments. Thirty-four soil samples were collected, and eight samples were partitioned into seven size fractions. Most of the metal concentrations in the soils were higher than the background levels in Beijing, and the metal concentrations and total organic matter (TOC) contents generally increased as the particle size decreased. Each metal except Hg significantly positively correlated with the TOC. The metals in the coarse-grained soils were mainly derived from parent materials, but the metals in the fine fractions were mostly anthropogenic. Statistical analyses showed that there were three metal sources: Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn had anthropogenic sources; Co, Cr, Ni, and V had mixed anthropogenic and natural sources; and As and Be had natural sources. The trace metals were primarily in the clay and fine silt fractions, and they might pose health risks through the inhalation of resuspended soil particles (PM10 and PM2.5). The elevated accumulation factors, enrichment factors, and ecological risk indices for the metals in the fine fractions suggest that risk assessments should be based on the fine particle size. 相似文献
999.
Tang Haiming Li Chao Shi Lihong Wen Li Cheng Kaikai Li Weiyan Xiao Xiaoping 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):48438-48449
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil organic matter (SOM) and its fraction play an important role in maintaining and improving soil fertility of paddy field. However, there is still... 相似文献
1000.
Zhang Wei Tang Xiangyu Thiele-Bruhn Sören 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2021,43(10):4299-4313
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) released into the environment have an adverse impact on the soil and water ecosystem as well as human health.... 相似文献