Forecasting industrial water demand in Huaihe River Basin due to environmental changes

A framework is proposed for forecasting industrial water demand in the context of climate change, economic growth, and technological development. The framework was tested in five sub-basins of Huaihe River of China, namely Upstream of Huaihe River (UH), Middlestream of Huaihe River (MH), Downstream of Huaihe River (DH), Yishusi River (YSSR), and Coastal River of Shandong Peninsula (CSP) to project future changes in industrial water demand under different environment change scenarios. Results showed that industrial water demand in Huaihe River basin will increase in the range of 10 to 44.6% due to economic development, water-saving technological advances, and climate change. The highest increase was projected by general circulation model (GCM) BCC-CSM1–1 (179.16 × 108 m³) and the lowest by GCM GISS-E2-R (132.4 × 10⁸ m³) in 2020, while the GCM BNU-ESM projected the highest increase (190.57 × 10⁸ m³) and GCM CNRM-CM5 the lowest (160.41 × 10⁸ m³) in 2030. Among the different sub-basins, the highest increase was projected in MH sub-basin where industrial water demand is already very high. On the other hand, the lowest increase in industrial water demand was projected in UH sub-basin. The rapid growth of high water-consuming industries and increased water demand for cooling due to temperature rise are the major causes of the sharp increase in industrial water demand in the basin. The framework developed in the study can be used for reliable forecasting of industrial water demand which in turn can help in selection of an appropriate water management strategy for adaptation to global environmental changes.     

Simultaneous Fe(Ⅲ) reduction and ammonia oxidation process in Anammox sludge

In recent years, there have been a number of reports on the phenomenon in which ferric iron(Fe(Ⅲ)) is reduced to ferrous iron [Fe(Ⅱ)] in anaerobic environments, accompanied by simultaneous oxidation of ammonia to NO2-, NO3-, or N2.However, studies on the relevant reaction characteristics and mechanisms are rare. Recently, in research on the effect of Fe(Ⅲ) on the activity of Anammox sludge, excess ammonia oxidization has also been found.Hence, in the present study, Fe(Ⅲ) was used to serve as the electron acceptor instead of NO2-,and the feasibility and characteristics of Anammox coupled to Fe(Ⅲ) reduction(termed Feammox) were investigated. After 160 days of cultivation, the conversion rate of ammonia in the reactor was above 80%, accompanied by the production of a large amount of NO3-and a small amount of NO2-. The total nitrogen removal rate was up to 71.8%. Furthermore,quantities of Fe(Ⅱ) were detected in the sludge fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) and denaturated gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) analyses further revealed that in the sludge, some Anammox bacteria were retained, and some microbes were enriched during the acclimatization process. We thus deduced that in Anammox sludge, Fe(Ⅲ) reduction takes place together with ammonia oxidation to NO2-and NO3-along with the Anammox process.     

超声波辅助萃取测定土壤中的多溴联苯醚

对土壤中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的测定方法进行了研究.土壤样品经超声波辅助萃取后用硅胶氧化铝复合柱净化,再用带电子捕获检测器的气相色谱仪(GC-ECD)进行测定.该方法测定PBDEs各单体的相关系数(R2)为0.999 54～0.999 97,方法线性关系良好.基质加标空白回收率在74.9%～118.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.9%～8.9%,方法检测限为5.9～9.2 ng/kg.     

中国地表饮用水水源地有机类内分泌干扰物污染现况分析

有机类内分泌干扰物(EDCs)是一类对人类和生物内分泌系统产生干扰,并可造成其紊乱的特殊外来物质,对人类和生物健康有极大的危害.以与人类生活密切相关的地表饮用水水源地中的有机类EDCs为研究重点,对中国目前地表饮用水水源地EDCs污染状况、污染物种类及其来源及可能的污染途径进行了评述.目前,中国各地区地表饮用水水源地均有有机类EDCs检出.其中以有机氯农药六六六及其异构体、DDT及其代谢产物和多氯联苯检出率最高,且某些地区检测浓度相当高,主要来源是农药使用和污水排放.国内外对地表饮用水水源地EDCs突发污染事件的研究均较少,应引起高度重视.     

试论复垦的概念及其与生态重建的关系

基于国内外大量的文献资料,在剖析国外对“土地复垦”的定义、目标的理解和介绍有关国外复垦法规、复垦研究内容和历史的基础上,从复垦和生态重建的基本概念入手,深入探讨了二者内涵与关系,认为：“复垦”的研究十分重视生态原则,也一直将生态重建作为其研究的焦点。因此,“复垦”一词的实质是既恢复土地资源,又重建生态平衡,即“复垦”包括土地复垦和生态重建两方面。     

滇池水体中总悬浮物含量的遥感定量模型

利用滇池 1999年 4月 14日陆地卫星 TM数据与准同步全湖面监测资料 ,对滇池全湖水体总悬浮物含量与不同波段遥感值的关系进行了关联度分析 ,并据此建立了 TM图像遥感总悬浮物水质模型 ,该模型被成功地应用于滇池水体总悬浮物的遥感动态监测。     

Dasibi1000空气自动监测系统的常见故障及排除

本文主要列举了美国Dasibi1000环境空气自动监测系统中的主要监测仪器氮氧化物、二氧化硫、可吸入颗粒物等分析仪在日常运行中容易出现的一些的常见故障。由于此套仪器设备具有自检功能。可通过仪器面板提示的故障信息找到故障所在。并对其形成原因进行了系统分析和总结。同时提出了一些排除故障的方法和步骤以及避免出现这些故障所需的日常维护。     

煤烟粒子中PAHS光化学降解的动力学

 利用TEFLON薄膜室内光化学烟雾箱研究了光强、湿度和温度对燃煤烟颗粒物上多环芳烃（PAH_s）的光化学降解速率的影响。结果表明，PAH_S光解速率常数随光强、湿度和温度的升高而增大。在冬季低光强和低水蒸汽浓度的条件下，PAH_s降解速率很小，可在大气中停留数日，因而可传输较远距离。在夏季高光强和高水蒸汽浓度条件下，PAH_s在数小时内即全部降解。通过对光强、水蒸汽浓度和温度的实验数据进行多元回归，得到了降解速率常数与各参数的函数式，即降解反应的动力学方程式。     

海南岛农业土地资源可持续利用

本文分析了海南岛农业土地资源利用的优势与制约因素 ,论述了农业土地资源的特点 ,指出了农业土地资源可持续利用的对策。     

生态工业园建设中的绿色物流规划研究

通过分析现代物流对生态工业园建设带来的环境影响,论述了在可持续发展原则下的绿色物流战略;并以苏州新加坡工业园为例,探讨了绿色物流的发展模式,以及这种模式对生态工业园建设的意义。