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61.
A combined process consisting of a short-cut nitrification (SN) reactor and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation upflow anaerobic sludge bed (ANAMMOX) reactor was developed to treat the diluted effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor treating high ammonium municipal landfill leachate.The SN process was performed in an aerated upflow sludge bed (AUSB) reactor (working volume 3.05 L),treating about 50% of the diluted raw wastewater.The ammonium removal efficiency and the ratio of NO 2 N to NOx-N in the effluent were both higher than 80%,at a maximum nitrogen loading rate of 1.47 kg/(m 3 ·day).The ANAMMOX process was performed in an UASB reactor (working volume 8.5 L),using the mix of SN reactor effluent and diluted raw wastewater at a ratio of 1:1.The ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency reached over 93% and 95%,respectively,after 70-day continuous operation,at a maximum total nitrogen loading rate of 0.91 kg/(m 3 ·day),suggesting a successful operation of the combined process.The average nitrogen loading rate of the combined system was 0.56 kg/(m 3 ·day),with an average total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency 87%.The nitrogen in the effluent was mostly nitrate.The results provided important evidence for the possibility of applying SN-ANAMMOX after UASB reactor to treat municipal landfill leachate. 相似文献
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Fangfang Sun Dazhi Wen Yuanwen Kuang Jiong Li Jianli Li Weidong Zuo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(7):1006-1013
Emissions from industrial activities pose a serious threat to human health and impose the need for monitoring both inorganic and
organic pollutants in industrial areas.We selected Masson pine (Pinus massoniana L.) as potential biomonitor and collected the current
(C) and previous year (C+1) needles from three industrial sites dominated by petrochemical, ceramics manufacturing, and iron and steel
smelting plants and one remote site to determine heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni and Co) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs) in unwashed and water-washed needles. Both unwashed and washed C+1 needles showed generally higher concentrations of
heavy metals and PAHs than C needles, although the washed needles more clearly spotlighted the accumulation e ect of PAHs over
exposure time. Water-washing resulted in a significant decrease in needle PAH concentrations with more significant e ects shown in
C needles. By contrast, needle heavy metal concentrations were much less a ected by washing. Although heavy metals and PAHs
might di er in adsorption and uptake strategies, their higher concentrations in the needles at the industrial sites indicated conspicuous
contamination due to industrial emissions there. The PAH distribution patterns in pine needles accorded with the real types of energy
consumption in the study sites and were e ciently used for pinpointing local pollutant sources. 相似文献
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利用长光路傅立叶变换红外光谱技术(LP-FTIR),用相对速率方法研究大气中氯氟烃替代物HFC152a(CHF2CH3)和HCFC22(CHClF2)与OH自由基反应速率常数,用紫外光照射O3和H2O的方法产生OH自由基。实验测定了700Tor大气压力和常温(298±2k)下的反应速率常数值:k(HFCl52a+OH)=(2.90±0.09)×10-14cm3·molecule-1.S-1,k(HCFC22+OH)=(3.80±0.24)×10-15cm3.Molecule-1.S-1,统计误差为2σ 相似文献
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设计湿热水解预处理温度(80、120、150和200 ℃)、时间(40、50、60和70 min)、加水量(40%、60%、80%和100%)的三因素四水平正交试验,研究湿热水解预处理对餐厨废弃物液相可浮油脱出量、ρ(CODCr)、糖类、ρ(VFA)(VFA为挥发性脂肪酸)等的影响. 结果表明:餐厨废弃物经湿热水解预处理后可浮油脱出量明显提高. 在150 ℃、加水量40%、处理60 min的湿热水解条件下,可浮油脱出量(67.7 mL/kg)最高,比未经预处理的对照组提高了2.65倍;同时,ρ(还原糖)和ρ(总糖)也达到最高,分别比对照组增加了16.29%和38.92%.随着温度升高和处理时间的延长,ρ(CODCr)不断升高,在200 ℃、加水量40%、处理70 min的湿热水解条件下,ρ(CODCr)最高为109.729 g/L,比对照组提高了1.39倍. 经湿热水解预处理后,ρ(VFA)也呈显著增加,在200 ℃、加水量100%、处理40 min的湿热水解条件下,ρ(VFA)达到最高,比对照组增加了66.26%.预处理后,ρ(乙酸)、ρ(丁酸)升高,ρ(乙醇)降低. 方差、极差综合分析表明,在湿热水解过程中,温度是影响餐厨废弃物液相物质转化的主控因子,其次是加水量和时间. 相似文献