Interactions between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and epoxide hydrolase 1 play roles in asthma

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Asthma, as one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adults, is a consequence of complex gene–environment interactions. Polycyclic...     

AHP与模糊评判法在垃圾填埋场选址中的应用对比

以对比研究层次分析法和模糊评判法在垃圾填埋场选址中的应用特征,并探究两者综合应用的可能性为目的,以自然地理、地质环境、工程地质条件及环境保护为评价标准,对广州市4个拟建填埋场进行了适宜性评价。在层次分析法确定的权重值的基础上,利用模糊评判法进行计算,最终确定兴丰填埋场为最佳场地,评价结果与实际应用情况相符。另外,通过对比分析发现,在参数选择与定量化方面,模糊评判法评价结果的准确性更高,而层次分析法的计算工作量较少;在评判结果的适用性方面,层次分析法的评判结果与实际相符性程度更高。研究表明,两种方法结合起来应用于垃圾填埋场的选址是可行的,且可提高评判结果的准确度。     

温度对悬浮载体流化床处理效能的影响

悬浮载体流化床是一种新型反应器。介绍了该反应器的特点及试验方法,并通过试验考察温度对悬浮载体流化床处理效能的影响,结果表明:温度对反应器去除COD效果影响不明显,对氨氮和总氮的去除效果则有一定影响。     

湖泊营养物基准的制定方法研究进展

系统论述了国外湖泊营养物基准制定程序和技术方法,重点分析了国外营养物基准指标的选取和确定湖泊营养参照状态的方法,并分析了其适用性和可行性.湖泊营养物基准指标的选取要综合考虑富营养化控制关键因子和不同分区湖泊区域差异性,所选指标要具有相对稳定、因地制宜、早期预警等特点.湖泊参照状态的确定主要包括调查数据和历史数据的统计分析、模型预测和推断、古湖沼学重建等方法.统计学方法充分利用历史及现状的实测水质和生物数据,保证制定的基准适用于大多数湖泊,对于历史监测资料缺乏或污染严重的湖泊,该方法确定参照状态较困难;模型预测和推断方法用于受人类影响较严重的湖泊参照状态确定,但也需要大量数据进行校准和验证;古湖沼学重建法利用湖泊沉积重建湖泊自然营养本底和定量恢复历史时期湖泊营养状态演化序列,进而推导湖泊参照状态,需要复杂的数据分析和专家判断,同时也难以适用于沉积物受扰动较大的浅水湖泊.我国的大部分湖泊普遍受人类影响较大,历史数据稀缺,不同分区湖泊的差异性显著,针对国外营养物基准制定方法优缺点,需要加以优化改进,建立我国完善的湖泊营养物基准制定方法体系,指导我国湖泊营养物基准的制定.     

葛根保健食品的开发及利用

作者论述了葛根的生长习性、资源分布、保健药效、化学组成及其加工特性,并在此基础上,提出了利用我国野葛自然资源优势开发生产系列保健食品的途径。     

污水生物除磷若干影响因素分析

在系统阐述污水生物除磷机理的基础上,深入分析了微生物群体平衡、城市污水水质、环境因子以及工艺运行参数和运行方式等方面对生物除磷效果的影响.分析结果表明:生物除磷系统的溶解氧浓度不宜太高,一般好氧区DO＜2 mg/L,厌氧区DO＜0.2 mg/L;厌氧段存在硝酸盐对生物释磷有负面影响,缺氧段存在一定浓度的硝酸盐有利于生物聚磷;碳源必须充分、易降解;TKN/COD＜0.1的城市污水有利于生物除磷;pH偏碱性可提高生物除磷效率;低温对生物除磷效果影响不明显.     

Hybrid energy harvesting systems for self-powered sustainable water purification by harnessing ambient energy

● Energy harvesters harness multiple energies for self-powered water purification. ● Hybrid energy harvesters enable continuous output under fluctuating conditions. ● Mechanical, thermal, and solar energies enable synergic harvesting. ● Perspectives of hybrid energy harvester-driven water treatment are proposed. The development of self-powered water purification technologies for decentralized applications is crucial for ensuring the provision of drinking water in resource-limited regions. The elimination of the dependence on external energy inputs and the attainment of self-powered status significantly expands the applicability of the treatment system in real-world scenarios. Hybrid energy harvesters, which convert multiple ambient energies simultaneously, show the potential to drive self-powered water purification facilities under fluctuating actual conditions. Here, we propose recent advancements in hybrid energy systems that simultaneously harvest various ambient energies (e.g., photo irradiation, flow kinetic, thermal, and vibration) to drive water purification processes. The mechanisms of various energy harvesters and point-of-use water purification treatments are first outlined. Then we summarize the hybrid energy harvesters that can drive water purification treatment. These hybrid energy harvesters are based on the mechanisms of mechanical and photovoltaic, mechanical and thermal, and thermal and photovoltaic effects. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential for advancing beyond the current state-of-the-art of hybrid energy harvester-driven water treatment processes. Future endeavors should focus on improving catalyst efficiency and developing sustainable hybrid energy harvesters to drive self-powered treatments under unstable conditions (e.g., fluctuating temperatures and humidity).     

Mechanistic insights into the selective photocatalytic degradation of dyes over TiO2/ZSM-11

● TiO₂/ZSM-11 was prepared by a facile solid state dispersion method. ● Mechanism for photocatalytic degradation of dyes was investigated. ● Both experimental and MD simulations were conducted. ● Chemisorption instead of electrostatic interaction played a critical role. Photocatalytic degradation is a promising way to eliminate dye contaminants. In this work, a series of TiO₂/ZSM-11 (TZ) nanocomposites were prepared using a facile solid state dispersion method. Methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B (RhB) were intentionally chosen as target substrates in the photocatalytic degradation reactions. Compared to pristine TiO₂, negative effect was observed on MO degradation while promoted kinetics were collected on MB and RhB over TZ composites. Moreover, a much higher photocatalytic rate was interestingly achieved on RhB than MB, which indicated that a new factor has to be included other than the widely accepted electrostatic interaction mechanism to fully understand the selective photodegradation reactions. Systematic characterizations showed that TiO₂ and ZSM-11 physically mixed and maintained both the whole framework and local structure without chemical interaction. The different trends observed in surface area and the photo-absorption ability of TZ composites with reaction performance further excluded both as the promotion mechanism. Instead, adsorption energies predicted by molecular dynamics simulations suggested that differences in the adsorption strength played a critical role. This work provided a deep mechanistic understanding of the selective photocatalytic degradation of dyes reactions, which helps to rationally design highly efficient photocatalysts.     

钢框架连续倒塌动力效应研究

为了研究钢框架连续倒塌动力效应,采用瞬时加载法对平面和空间钢框架柱失效后动力效应进行了研究。采用基于等效塑性转角和等效竖向位移的荷载增大系数来衡量结构的动力效应,分析跨数、层数、高宽比、柱失效位置、节点转动刚度及空间作用等参数对结构动力效应的影响,研究成果可为抗连续倒塌设计提供参考。     

Effective enrichment of Zn from smelting wastewater via an integrated Fe coagulation and hematite precipitation method

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering - Although carbon nanomaterials have been widely used as effective nanofillers for fabrication of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with outstanding...