IC-A/O-Fenton氧化处理废纸造纸废水的中试研究

由于废纸再生造纸废水中溶解性有机物的分子量差异较大,用单一的处理单元不能达到理想的处理效果。本实验采用IC-NO-Fenton氧化工艺来处理该废水,中试实验运行结果表明,此工艺能够有效地处理废纸再生造纸废水,COD、SS的去除率均达到99％,色度的去除率达到95％,其他各项指标也能达到新的国家排放标准GB3544-20...     

采油厂硫化氢的安全防护与对策

介绍了油气井中硫化氢的来源、危害,并重点阐述了采油厂含硫化氢油井的分布情况和有关硫化氢的监测和安全防护措施。     

新型三维多孔光热材料制备及其高盐废水处理应用

高盐废水处理存在处理难度大和能耗成本高等问题.近年来发展的界面光蒸汽水处理技术以绿色、高效和低能耗等特点成为了目前水资源回收利用领域的研究热点.本研究以纤维状结构的碳化氮（h-CN）修饰石墨烯（r-GO）,通过水热反应制备了新型三维多孔石墨烯复合材料（3D h-CN/r-GO）,并以硝基苯和苯酚作为模拟污染物,考察了其光热蒸发处理高盐废水的性能.研究结果表明,所制备的3D h-CN/r-GO材料具备宽光谱吸收范围和多级孔道结构,并呈现出快速热响应的特点.在模拟太阳光照条件下,光蒸汽转化效率可达90.4%.并且在处理过程中可实现硝基苯和苯酚等常见挥发性污染物的吸附,其吸附容量分别为67.6 mg·g^-1和57.5 mg·g^-1.而且,3D h-CN/r-GO可实现长时间稳定的光热水体蒸发回收,且对污染物及盐分截留率高达98%左右,冷凝水体达到污水处理的排放标准.因此,本研究为高盐废水的低能耗和低成本处理提供了一种新的技术.     

浅析气田开发钻井固体废物对环境的影响及处置措施

本文以国内某大型气田开发工程为例,分析了钻井工程固体废物产生量、特性,归纳了钻井固体废物污染物种类及其对环境的影响,介绍了钻井固体废物无害化处理处置措施,并提出处理处置过程中存在的问题和建议。     

烟根腐解物对烟草生长的影响

烟草生产过程中会产生大量烟草残体,为了研究烟草残体对烟草生长的影响,将烟根、水稻土和无菌水按一定比例混合后,在适当条件下培养得到烟根腐解物.将烟根腐解物按不同的施用量设置6个处理组,并以未施用烟根腐解物组作为对照,分别在烟草生长的团棵期、旺长期和成熟期测定烟草的农艺性状、根系活力、硝酸还原酶(nitrate reduc...     

Toxicological assessment of TiO2 nanoparticles by recombinant Escherichia coli bacteria

Rapid and efficient methods to assess nanoparticle toxicity are desired in current research. Here we showed that Escherichia coli labeled by green fluorescent protein can be a good model bacterium for assessing acute toxicity of TiO(2) (about 50% inhibition ratios after 135 min exposure). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that TiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) can influence certain protein expression in the recombinant bacterium, and the obvious effects in repressed expression and elevated expression were observed in 30/40, 10/20 μg mL(-1) treated cells, respectively. However, the GFP expression (27 kD) was not influenced by introduced TiO(2) NPs. The change of the fluorescence intensity may be caused by the damage in folding and chromophore formation of the GFP post-translational modification due to generated reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, TiO(2) NPs at higher concentrations decreased their toxicity because of aggregation. 20 μg mL(-1) humic acid (HA) introduced to the medium can decrease the fluorescent inhibition owing to the barrier of steric hindrance it provides between NPs and cells.     

Impact of elevated O3 on visible foliar symptom, growth and biomass of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings under different nitrogen loads

The effects of elevated ozone (O(3)) and enhanced nitrogen (N) on the growth and biomass of Cinnamomum camphora, a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved tree species, were investigated. The seedlings, supplied with N (NH(4)NO(3) solution) at 0, 30 and 60 kg ha(-1) year(-1) (simplified as N0, N30, N60, respectively), were exposed to ambient (AA) or elevated O(3) (AA + 60 nmol mol(-1) and AA + 120 nmol mol(-1), designated as AA + 60 and AA + 120, respectively) for the 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. Symptomatic leaf percentages were significantly increased with O(3) concentration. AA + 120 significantly decreased the mean leaf size and chlorophyll content of both 2009- and 2010-emerged leaves, inhibited the growth of stem height and basal diameter, and reduced biomass accumulation of all plant parts except for leaves. By comparison, only the chlorophyll content of 2009-emerged leaves and root dry weight were significantly reduced under AA + 60. Specific leaf area, total leaf area and foliar biomass were not affected even at a higher O(3) level. On the other hand, N loads, especially N60, exerted significantly positive effects on all variables except mean leaf size and shoot/root ratio. No significant interactions between O(3) and N were detected, suggesting that the N supply at ≤60 kg ha(-1) year(-1) did not significantly modify the response of C. camphora to O(3) in terms of seedling growth and biomass accumulation.     

秦淮河流域中游地区两变量洪水风险分析

秦淮河流域地处长江下游,其中游地区主要位于南京市江宁区境内,受汛期强降雨、上游洪峰以及下游长江水位顶托影响,洪水灾害频繁。针对秦淮河流域中游地区暴雨洪水影响因素众多的特点,利用二维Gumbel模型,开展了基于暴雨与洪水水位两变量的洪水风险分析。结果显示,与单变量极值分布相比,两变量极值分布综合考虑了暴雨和洪水的不同频率特征,能够较为全面地分析水文极值事件的统计规律,从而使洪水风险分析更加符合实际情况。     

One-pot molten salt method for constructing CdS/C3N4 nanojunctions with highly enhanced photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction

The construction of heterojunction photocatalysts for efficiently utilizing solar energy has attracted considerable attention to solve the energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution. In this study, we use the energy released from an easily-occurred exothermic chemical reaction to serve as the drive force to trigger the formation of Cd S and C₃N₄ nanocomposites which are successfully fabricated with cadmium nitrate and thiourea without addition of any solvents and prot...