居室环境与人体健康

从居室污染的来源和主要污染物、居室污染对健康的危害等几个方面,阐述了居室环境与人体健康的关系.由于化学、物理及生物等多种污染物共同存在,对健康产生的危害往往比单一因素要复杂得多,控制居室环境污染,对于保护人体健康有至关重要的意义.提出了降低居室污染的措施和方法.     

机械强化污泥回流式一体化活性污泥法的运行机理研究

活性污泥通过机械搅拌强化污泥内循环回流,提高了污泥的活性,并且使污泥浓度可达到4.5kg/m3,用该机械强化污泥回流式一体化活性污泥法处理小区生活污水,当水力停留时间为3h,溶解氧为2.2mg/L,机械搅拌速度为250r/min时,CODcr、氨氮去除率均可达到83% 以上,出水达到国家污水排放一级标准.该一体化活性污泥法简单易行,运行成本低,投资小,操作维护方便,是生活小区生活污水适宜的处理工艺技术.     

土壤重金属污染及其预防、修复研究

土壤重金属污染是一个难以解决的全球性棘手问题,不仅会直接或间接地危害人体健康,而且其污染的修复也十分困难,因此土壤重金属污染的预防与修复具有特别重要的意义.目前中国部分地区土壤重金属污染已相当严重,土壤污染防治已被提上中国环境保护工作的重要议程.文章先从自然地理环境的整体性出发说明土壤重金属污染的危害,接着介绍了由于人类活动引起的农耕区及城市土壤重金属污染来源,最后有针对性地提出土壤重金属污染的预防及其修复措施.     

混凝法在滇池蓝藻暴发期净水除藻的可行性研究

采用精制硫酸铝为混凝剂,L93^4正交法安排滇池蓝藻暴发期混凝沉降除藻除净水工艺实验。结果表明,混凝剂种类、水样pH值对蓝藻去除率有很大影响。研究确定了混凝剂除藻最佳操作条件,为混凝法去除蓝藻的工业化提供了理论和实际操作依据。     

木质素降解酶及其调控机理研究的进展

近年来有关木质素降解微生物和木质素降解酶的产与调控机理的研究表明，腐霉和细菌在木质自然降解中起着重要作用，腐霉的降解作用发生在次级代谢阶段，而细菌发生在初级代谢阶段，影响木质素降解酶的产生酶活力高低的因素有碳氮的选择与限制；诱导物的添加；表面活性剂的使用；某些金属离子浓度水平的改变；菌丝的固定化，温度和摇床转速的变换等。     

Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with terminal deletion of chromosome 1 (q41)

Many authors have suggested that individuals affected by a terminal 1q deletion display a phenotypically definable and recognizable syndrome. In all of the 27 cases reported to date, the breakpoints were at band q42 or distally to it. To our knowledge, we report the first case of a terminal 1q41 deletion. Diagnosis was made prenatally by amniocentesis, following ultrasonographic diagnosis of omphalocele, cerebral ventriculomegaly, and increased nuchal fold thickness in a 19-week female fetus. Multiple facial and extremity features were consistent with the proposed distal 1q deletion syndrome; omphalocele, however, has not been reported previously. The absence of liver herniation into the omphalocele sac in this case supports the previously reported association of this finding with chromosomal anomalies.     

Distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the Typha latifolia constructed wetlands using fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH)

A molecular biology method, fluorescent in situ hybridization（FISH）, in which the pre-treatment was improved in allusion to the media of the constructed wetlands（CW）, e.g. the soil and the grit, was used to investigate the vertical distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） quantity and the relation with oxidation-reduction potential（ORP） in the Typha latifolia constructed wetlands under three different Ioadings in summer from May to September. Results showed that the quantity of the AOB decreased in the Typha latifolia CW with the increase of vertical depth. However, the AOB quantity was 2-4 times the quantity of the control in the root area. Additionally, ORP in the rhizosphere was found to be higher than other areas, which showed that Typha latifolia CW was in an aerobic state in summer when using simulated non-point sewage at the rural area of Taihu Lake in China and small town combined sewage.     

活性污泥外循环SBR系统循环污泥释磷能力研究

本试验以HAc作为厌氧释磷的碳源有机物，以SBR系统外循环污泥作为研究对象，探索外循环活性污泥的厌氧释磷能力和获取高浓度富磷污水的途径，试验表明：厌氧过程中聚磷菌吸收HAc和释放PO4^3 的分子比为1：1。即吸收2．06mgHAc-COD将诱导1mgP释放，单位时段比污泥的平均释磷速率Vp=6.54.t^0.76，理想的厌氧时间为60－180min，减少循环污泥释磷系统的反应容积可以提高富磷污水磷酸盐的浓度。     

草原生态环境监测数据建库方法初探

该文系统地介绍了草原生态环境监测数据库的一般方法，在建立图像，图形，多媒体及数据子库的前提下，同时提出了宏观遥感监测数据与地面定位监测数据的结合方式，可操作性较强。     

海南万泉河水资源保护规划研究

海南万泉河水资源保护规划研究宗子就，荆帆，沙平（北京有色冶金设计研究总院北京１０００３８）谢宁，蔡小平（琼海市环境资源局海南５７１４００）关键词水资源，水质控制目标，保护规划ＡＳＴＡＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＷＡＴＥＲＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＰＲＯＴＥＣＴＩＯＮＰＲＯＧ...