储气库注采井生产管柱腐蚀速率预测研究

针对储气库注采井特殊的服役环境,以某储气库X注采井为例,基于腐蚀监测数据,采用灰色预测法预测得到该井2017年腐蚀速率为0.0308 mm/a,属中度腐蚀,建议采取增加剩余壁厚测试、加注缓蚀剂等措施减缓管柱腐蚀,该方法对于同类储气库管柱腐蚀防护具有借鉴意义。     

Ultraviolet photolysis of four typical cardiovascular drugs: mechanisms,influencing factors,degradation pathways,and toxicity trends

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The cardiovascular drugs (CDDs), such as metoprolol (MET), atenolol (ATE), bezafibrate (BZB), and atorvastatin (ATO), have been frequently detected in...     

Facile synthesis of nanosheet-assembled γ-Fe2O3 magnetic microspheres and enhanced Sb(III) removal

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The development and utilization of magnetic nanoadsorption materials with large adsorption capacity and easy separation are the research hotspot...     

The diversity and floristic characteristics of mosses in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve北大核心CSCD

苔藓是生态系统的重要组分和自然保护区的重点保护对象之一,在物种资源和生态系统功能维护中具有重要作用.通过野外标本采集和室内鉴定,对九寨沟国家级自然保护区的藓类植物的物种组成和分布特点进行研究.结果表明:(1)九寨沟共有藓类植物38科90属211种(含变种),其中优势科为青藓科(Brachytheciaceae)、丛藓科(Pottiaceae)、灰藓科(Hypnaceae)、金灰藓科(Pylaisiaceae)、提灯藓科(Mniaceae)、真藓科(Bryaceae)和羽藓科(Thuidiaceae);并且调查发现两种濒危级别的珍稀藓种.(2)九寨沟藓类植物的区系地理成分可划分为10个,优势成分为东亚分布,占34.2%,其次为北温带分布,占30.9%.(3)通过与西南地区5个自然保护区藓类植物的相似系数和区系谱主成分分析发现,九寨沟藓类植物种类与贡嘎山的共有种最多,达到94种,在区系成分上也与贡嘎山和王朗相近.本研究表明九寨沟高原喀斯特生境藓类植物物种资源丰富,虽然区系地理成分具有多样和复杂性,但主要还是以东亚分布和温带分布为主,在物种相似度和区系成分上与贡嘎山和王朗的藓类植物一致性更高.(图3表6参47)     

粮食真菌毒素的生殖、发育与遗传毒性:现状与展望

粮食及其制品会受到多种真菌毒素的污染。粮食真菌毒素现已被证实具有多种毒性作用,如细胞毒性、发育毒性、生殖毒性、免疫毒性和遗传毒性等,严重危害人和动物健康,甚至还会对间接或未接触毒素的子代产生不良影响,但目前有关继代毒理学数据极为缺乏。本文主要阐述了粮食中常见真菌毒素对亲本世代及其子代生殖系统/能力和生长发育的影响,简述了不同毒素诱导生殖发育毒性的作用机理并提出展望,旨在全面了解粮食真菌毒素的生殖发育及遗传毒性作用,为进一步开展粮食真菌毒素的健康风险评估,合理制定相关限量标准与法规,指导公共卫生健康并开展主动防治与干预提供重要理论依据。     

Study on the mechanism and kinetics of manganese release from waste manganese ore waste rock under rainfall leaching

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Manganese released from the piled manganese ore wastes is a great threat to the local ecosystem and human health. The mechanism and dynamic...     

Co-composting of fresh tobacco leaves and soil: an exploration on the utilization of fresh tobacco waste in farmland

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A large amount of fresh tobacco waste with high water content are produced in farmland, and it may cause environmental pollution if it is not properly...     

Environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater systems and related environments in Wuhan: April to May of 2020

Wastewater-based epidemiology(WBE) has emerged as an effective environmental surveillance tool in monitoring fecal-oral pathogen infections within a community. Congruently, SARS-Co V-2, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, has been demonstrated to infect the gastrointestinal tissues, and be shed in feces. In the present study, SARS-Co V-2 RNA was concentrated from wastewater, sludge, surface water, ground water, sediment, and soil samples of municipal and hospital wastewater systems and related envi...     

Effects of DOM characteristics from real wastewater on the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds by the UV/H2O2 process

The characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) can significantly affect the degradation of target compounds by the advanced oxidation processes. In this study, the effects of the different hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity fractions, molecular weight (MW) fractions, fluorescence components and molecular components of DOM extracted from municipal wastewater on the degradation of 4 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), including carbamazepine, clofibric acid, atenolol and erythromycin by the UV/H₂O₂ process were investigated. The results showed that the degradation rate constants of 4 PhACs decreased dramatically in the presence of DOM. The linear regressions of 4 PhACs degradation as a function of specific fluorescence intensity (SFI) are exhibited during the degradation of 4 PhACs and the SFI may be used to evaluate effect of DOM on target compounds in wastewater. The hydrophobic acid (HPO-A) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on degradation of 4 PhACs during oxidation process. The small MW fractions of DOM significantly inhibited the degradation of 4 PhACs during oxidation process. Among three fluorescence components, hydrophobic humic-like substances may significantly inhibit the degradation of 4 PhACs during oxidation process. At the molecular level, the formulas may be derived from terrestrial sources. CHO compound may significantly inhibit the degradation of 4 PhACs during oxidation process on formula classes. The unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbohydrates and tannins compounds may significantly inhibit the effectiveness of the UV/H₂O₂ process on compound classes.     

A comparison of chemical mechanisms based on TRAMP-2006 field data

A comparison of a model using five widely known mechanisms (RACM, CB05, LaRC, SAPRC-99, SAPRC-07, and MCMv3.1) has been conducted based on the TexAQS II Radical and Aerosol Measurement Project (TRAMP-2006) field data in 2006. The concentrations of hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxy (HO₂) radicals were calculated by a zero-dimensional box model with each mechanism and then compared with the OH and HO₂ measurements. The OH and HO₂ calculated by the model with different mechanisms show similarities and differences with each other and with the measurements. First, measured OH and HO₂ are generally greater than modeled for all mechanisms, with the median modeled-to-measured ratios ranging from about 0.8 (CB05) to about 0.6 (SAPRC-99). These differences indicate that either measurement errors, the effects of unmeasured species or chemistry errors in the model or the mechanisms, with some errors being independent of the mechanism used. Second, the modeled and measured ratios of HO₂/OH agree when NO is about 1 ppbv, but the modeled ratio is too high when NO was less and too low when NO is more, as seen in previous studies. Third, mechanism–mechanism HO_x differences are sensitive to the environmental conditions – in more polluted conditions, the mechanism–mechanism differences are less. This result suggests that, in polluted conditions, the mechanistic details are less important than in cleaner conditions, probably because of the dominance of reactive nitrogen chemistry under polluted conditions.