生物还原-化学沉淀法自烟气中的SO2制备ZnS

采用生物还原—化学沉淀法自烟气中的SO2制备ZnS,将含有Zn(OH)2杂质的粗品ZnS通过化学提纯制得高纯度ZnS。实验结果表明,采用NH4C l-NH3.H2O混合液对含有Zn(OH)2杂质的粗品ZnS进行提纯的优化条件为:每500m g粗品ZnS加入NH4C l与NH3.H2O摩尔比为1∶1、两组分浓度均为3.0m o l/L的10mLNH4C l-NH3.H2O混合液。X射线衍射分析表明,提纯后的产物粉末全部为ZnS,其纯度与ZnS标准试样相当。     

CO2资源化利用的现状及前景

介绍了CO2分离捕集最新工艺——电化学法、膜法、化学循环燃烧法的研究进展。评述分析了CO2的各种资源化应用前景：CO2气体用作生物碳源、辅助注射成型剂及有机物（如氨基甲酸酯、表面活性剂）合成原料等；液态CO2用于人造金刚石、热泵干燥、超临界CO2萃取及固体干冰冷喷射清洗等。CO2作为一种潜在的丰富碳源，应不断研发其新的应用领域，加快其工业化应用。     

强化工程抗震营造安全家园

任何天灾都比不上地震,它能在短促的时间,波及广大的范围,造成巨大的损失,因此,地震是群灾之首。对于地震,人们既恐惧它,又想了解它,更想抵御和战胜它。266年前银川与平罗间大地震留给人们的记     

活性粉末混凝土(RPC)箱梁剪力滞效应有限元分析

笔者对为青藏线设计的 32m铁路预应力活性粉末混凝土单箱单室箱梁进行了有限元分析 ,对其剪力滞分布规律进行了研究 ,并且分析了不同工况对梁剪力滞效应的影响。分析结果表明预应力活性粉末混凝土箱梁具有一定的剪力滞效应 ,剪力滞系数在 1.0～ 1.1之间。笔者得到的结果可以为今后活性粉末混凝土梁的设计提供参考 ,这对于加速箱梁剪力滞理论的深入研究 ,为大跨、新型桥梁结构的性能评价提供正确的分析有一定的参考价值。     

政府部门的应急响应能力在城市防灾减灾中的作用

城市是人口、经济密集的地区,城市自身的特点决定了抢险救灾必须快速果断,当城市发生灾害时,当地政府部门是抢险救灾的主力军,在这一过程中,政府部门对灾害的应急反应能力成了救灾、减灾成功与否的决定性因素.文章探讨了政府部门的应急响应能力的组成及其在城市防灾减灾中的重要性.政府部门的灾害应急能力主要从应急反应、应急指挥、应急救援、应急信息的发布和应急避难五个方面体现出来.     

明清皇宫突发的几场大火

在明、清两代，皇宫曾有过几次毁灭性的火灾，每次都给老百姓带来了沉重的负担。     

扑救山火有讲究

秋冬季节降水偏少．风干物燥，加上秋冬季农事野外生产生活用火多，稍有不慎就会引发森林火灾。因此，必须加强火源管理．做好森林防火．     

Quantifying dry NH3 deposition to an ombrotrophic bog from an automated NH3 field release system

Providing an accurate estimate of the dry component of N deposition to low N background, semi-natural habitats, such as bogs and upland moors dominated by Calluna vulgaris is difficult, but essential to relate nitrogen deposition to effects in these communities. To quantify the effects of NH₃ inputs to moorland vegetation growing on a bog at a field scale, a field release NH₃ fumigation system was established at Whim Moss (Scottish Borders) in 2002. Gaseous NH₃ from a line source was released along of a 60 m transect, when meteorological conditions (wind speed >2.5 m s^?1 and wind direction in the sector 180–215°) were met, thereby providing a profile of decreasing NH₃ concentration with distance from the source. In a complementary study, using a NH₃ flux chamber system, the relationships between NH₃ concentrations and cuticular resistances were quantified for a range of NH₃ concentrations and micrometeorological conditions for moorland vegetation. Cuticular resistances increased with NH₃ concentration from 11 s m^?1 at 3.0 μg m^?3 to 30 s m^?1 at 30 μg m^?3. The NH₃ concentration data and the concentration-dependent canopy resistance are used to calculate NH₃ deposition taking into account leaf surface wetness. The implications of using an NH₃ concentration-dependent cuticular resistance and the importance for refining critical loads are discussed.     

企业可持续发展评价指标体系的选定原则及构建框架

为了制定企业可持续发展的战略决策,须制定可持续发展的指标体系,并依据这一体系对数据和资料进行收集、整理和分析,从而确定可靠而有效的政策方针。文中论述了可持续发展指标体系的定义、选定标准、原则和可持续发展的评价指标体系,提出了压力-状态-响应框架模型以及不同层次的指标体系框架。该指标体系分为总体层、系统层、状态层、变量层和要素层五个等级。对于持续发展的表征指标及对目前发展的可持续性评估,还需要长时间和切合实际的探讨。     

Predicting inter-taxa differences in plant uptake of cesium-134/137

For (134/137)Cs, and many other soil contaminants, research into transfer to plants has focused on particular crops and phytoremediation candidates, producing uptake data for a small proportion of all plant taxa. Despite the significance of differences in uptake between plant taxa, the capacity of soil-to-plant transfer models to predict them is currently confined to those taxa for which data exist, there being no method to predict uptake by other taxa. We used residual maximum likelihood (REML) analysis on data from experiments (including 89 plant taxa from China plus 32 phytoremediation candidates) together with data from the literature, to construct a database of relative (134/137)Cs concentrations in 273 plant taxa. The REML (134/137)Cs concentrations in plants are not normally distributed but significantly clustered. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), coded with a recent ordinal phylogeny for flowering plants, showed that plant taxa do not behave independently for (134/137)Cs concentration because 42 and 15% of inter-taxa differences are associated with phylogeny above the species and ordinal level, respectively. In general, Eudicots, and especially the Caryophyllales, Asterales, and Brassicales, have high (134/137)Cs concentrations, while the Fabales and Magnoliids, in particular Poales, have low (134/137)Cs concentrations. Plants of the stress-tolerant ruderal (S-R) growth strategy sensu Grime have, in general, high concentrations of Cs, while those of the competitive (C) and generalist (C-S-R) strategies have low concentrations, although these effects are less pronounced than those of phylogeny. Plant phylogeny and growth strategy might thus be used to predict a significant portion of inter-taxa differences in plant uptake of (134/137)Cs.