舰用武器装备环境工程实施探讨

针对舰用武器装备经受“三高一多”的恶劣海洋环境特点,介绍了环境工程在舰用武器装备研制过程中的实施途径,包括环境工程管理,环境适应性分析、设计和试验等工作的重点,最后提出了收集环境信息、完善维护细则和进行环境整体防护等环境工程工作的建议。     

白铜和黄铜在SO2气氛中的腐蚀对比

通过SO2气体腐蚀试验、腐蚀表面的形貌观察和产物分析,对白铜和黄铜进行了对比研究。结果表明:两种铜的质量损失与SO2体积分数均成线性关系,在SO2污染环境中白铜的抗蚀能力优于黄铜;黄铜腐蚀产物主要为CuSO4.5H2O、Cu4(SO4)(OH)6.2H2O和Cu2O,白铜腐蚀产物主要为Cu4(SO4)(OH)6.2H2O和Cu2O。     

防空导弹的综合环境可靠性试验剖面研究

为有效地进行防空导弹综合环境可靠性试验,根据试验剖面的模拟真实性、应力适当性和试验可操作性的要求,确定以防空导弹随战车值勤和空中飞行为主要试验阶段。主要研究了地面和空中2种试验环境中温度应力、湿度、振动应力和电应力等环境参数的确定,并给出了相应的原则或计算公式。最后讨论了如何确定试验时间的问题,并绘出了综合环境可靠性试验剖面图。     

城市供水管网漏损控制潜力研究

在我国各城市普遍缺水的同时，城市供水管网的漏损状况却相当的严重，科学衡量漏损控制的潜力，对于控制漏损和科学地进行城市水资源规划和需求管理非常重要。从技术潜力、经济潜力、社会潜力三方面将城市供水管网漏损控制的潜力进行了分析。提出了以社会最优值作为漏损控制的目标，以社会潜力作为需求管理的依据，同时综合考虑技术潜力和经济潜力。社会最优控制水平和企业的经济漏损控制水平之间有时会存在很大差异。科学的划分政府和企业在控制漏损的义务是非常必要的，如果需要企业的漏损控制水平小于经济漏损水平时政府应该给予一定的补偿，这样才能增加企业控制管网漏损的积极性。     

关于促进我国循环经济法制建设的思考

循环经济作为一种有效平衡经济增长,社会发展和环境保护三者关系的全新经济模式,在我国的发展已是大势所趋.而这一系统工程建立的基础是相关法律法规的建立.目前,许多发达国家已经以立法的方法来保障循环型社会的建立和发展.加快我国循环经济法制建设需要对循环经济的内涵,发达国家的循环经济立法,我国循环经济法制建设的实践及其存在的问题进行系统研究,根据我国的实际情况,得出对中国的循环经济立法具有针对性的建议,在依法治国的当今中国,以法律形式对循环经济加以肯定和规范具有重要意义.     

大气腐蚀起始过程中的微液滴现象研究

微液滴现象是一种新发现的实验现象,当易被腐蚀的金属表面上预先形成有腐蚀性主液滴时,在合适的条件下,主液滴的周围有更小的微液滴出现并不断扩展.微液滴的形成和扩展遵循一定的规律,并与大气腐蚀起始过程密切相关.电化学极化结果显示,大气腐蚀过程中的腐蚀电流是微液滴形成和发展的推动力.     

膜生物反应器与传统活性污泥工艺除污特性比较

比较了膜生物反应器（MBR）和传统活性污泥工艺（CAS）在相同运行条件下对生活污水的除污特性.结果表明,MBR系统对COD、NH3-N和TN的平均去除率比CAS分别高14.4%、51.2%和37.3%.但MBR中膜的截留使系统相对比较封闭,制约了通过排放高磷污泥的生物法除磷,除磷效率仅为32.9%,低于CAS工艺（43.0%）;将MBR与化学除磷工艺相结合,MBR系统除磷效率可达93.3%.     

湿法烟气脱硫的腐蚀机理及防腐技术

综述了湿法烟气脱硫的腐蚀与防腐现状，分析了腐蚀环境及腐蚀机理，并概括总结了湿法烟气脱硫工艺系统中材料防腐技术和工艺防腐技术，对此法的现场实际应用有一定的指导意义。     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

Application of compost in agricultural practice could potentially cause contamination of foodstuffs with pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157:H7. This study investigated pathogenic bacteria in compost collected from the compost facilities, an

IntroductionIncreasing public interests have been concerned onsafety foods and the environmental aspects recently,especially on the so-called organic foods , which are madefromcrops grown with organic fertilizers or compost but notchemical fertilizers .Pu…