Quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation: a full carbon cycle analysis

Plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation (PGVC) has played a vital role in increasing incomes of farmers and expanded dramatically in last several decades. However, carbon budget after conversion from conventional vegetable cultivation (CVC) to PGVC has been poorly quantified. A full carbon cycle analysis was used to estimate the net carbon flux from PGVC systems based on the combination of data from both field observations and literatures. Carbon fixation was evaluated at two pre-selected locations in China. Results suggest that: (1) the carbon sink of PGVC is 1.21 and 1.23 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ for temperate and subtropical area, respectively; (2) the conversion from CVC to PGVC could substantially enhance carbon sink potential by 8.6 times in the temperate area and by 1.3 times in the subtropical area; (3) the expansion of PGVC usage could enhance the potential carbon sink of arable land in China overall.     

低温对MBBR、SBR深度处理废水出水水质的影响

比较了低温和常温下移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)与 SBR 深度处理低浓度废水的出水水质,研究了低温对反应器出水 COD、运行温度、DO、出水 pH、出水蛋白质质量浓度的影响.实验结果表明:相同曝气和环境温度条件下,MBBR 比 SBR 的运行温度高 0.5-1.5 ℃,受环境温度影响更小;与常温相比,低温反应器内 D...     

再生气氛对CuO/AC脱硫活性的影响

本文考察了不同气氛再生后ＣｕＯ／ＡＣ脱硫剂的二次脱硫活性,并藉借助ＸＲＤ和ＸＰＳ表征技术以及对再生后脱硫剂残硫的分析,探讨了脱硫剂以不同还原剂在不同温度下再生后二次脱硫活性差异的内在原因,结果表明：脱硫剂经Ｈ２再生后二次脱硫活性与初活性相比出现大幅度下降,Ｈ２气氛中添加Ｈ２Ｏ可提高其二次脱硫活性;经ＮＨ３在３００℃再生后二次脱硫活性与初活性相当,两次再生后仍未观察到活性的明显下降,ＮＨ３再生时脱硫     

Bioaugmentation of a 4-chloronitrobenzene contaminated soil with Pseudomonas putida ZWL73

The strain Pseudomonas putida ZWL73, which metabolizes 4-chloronitrobenzene (4CNB) by a partial-reductive pathway, was inoculated into lab-scale 4CNB-contaminated soil for bioaugmentation purposes in this study. The degradation of 4CNB was clearly stimulated, as indicated with the gradual accumulation of ammonium and chloride. Simultaneously, the diversity and quantity of cultivable heterotrophic bacteria decreased due to 4CNB contamination, while the quantity of 4CNB-resistant bacteria increased. During the bioaugmentation, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed the changes of diversity in dominant populations of intrinsic soil microbiota. The results showed that Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were not distinctly affected, but Actinobacteria were apparently stimulated. In addition, an interesting dynamic within Acidobacteria was observed, as well as an influence on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria population. These combined findings demonstrate that the removal of 4CNB in soils by inoculating strain ZWL73 is feasible, and that specific populations in soils rapidly changed in response to 4CNB contamination and subsequent bioaugmentation.     

BOD微生物传感检测仪中高效微生物膜的研究

为了制备高效微生物膜,从污水中筛选菌种（QT2061）,经BIOLOG鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌。并以聚乙烯醇为包埋剂制作BOD生物传感器微生物膜,通过对国家标准样品及几种典型水样的检测,结果表明,该微生物传感器的响应时间为8 min,可连续稳定测试10 d以上;对国家标准溶液的测试结果准确度较高,相对误差≤5%;对实验中几种水样均有响应,测试结果与5日法的测试结果有良好的相关性（相对偏差≤5%）。     

厌氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物的影响因素研究

为明确厌氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物产生的影响机制,通过改变pH、污泥负荷（Ns)和C/N比,研究厌氧颗粒污泥及其上清液的EPS（胞外聚合物）产生量及组分多糖、蛋白质的变化情况,采用红外光谱对比分析了pH、Ns、C/N比对EPS分子结构的影响;结果表明,过酸、过碱和不适当的C/N比不利于厌氧颗粒污泥形态保持和微生物生长,但Ns对厌氧颗粒污泥形态的影响不大。红外光谱分析表明,蛋白质肽键在强酸、强碱条件下均发生了变化,羧基、醇和酚则在强酸条件下(pH 3)消失,C/N比和污泥负荷对EPS的分子结构影响不大。     

己二酸和己二酸钠强化石灰石WFGD的对比研究

在湍球塔设备上进行了己二酸和己二酸钠强化石灰石WFGD的对比研究,考察了2种添加剂对脱硫过程的强化和缓冲作用,分析计算了2种添加剂对石灰石的利用率。实验结果表明,2种添加剂可以在较低浆液pH下维持较高脱硫率,并且2种添加剂均促进了CaCO₃的溶解,在相同条件下己二酸钠有更好的脱硫效果,而己二酸有更好的缓冲作用,且己二酸促进CaCO₃溶解的效果更显著。     

多环芳烃在淮河、黄河和卫河沉积物上的吸附及解吸行为研究

以淮河沉积物上多环芳烃的吸附研究为主线,以黄河、卫河沉积物为比对,研究菲和芘在3种河流沉积物上的吸附和解吸行为,重点考察吸附剂有机质组分、环境温度、吸附时间和共存物等因素对吸附的影响,找出可以用来预测这3条河流沉积物对多环芳烃吸附作用的模式。结果表明,菲和芘在3种河流沉积物上的吸附均呈非线性,可用Freundlich方程拟合,属放热反应、物理吸附。同一吸附质的有机碳归一化分配系数(Koc)数值相近,说明吸附剂有机质组分对吸附起主导作用;吸附能力随着吸附时间延长而增加,并与吸附质疏水性成正比;多环芳烃共存,有竞争吸附现象;辛醇/水分配系数可用来预测3种河流沉积物对多环芳烃的吸附作用;解吸存在滞后现象,吸附质疏水性强、吸附剂有机质含量高的体系,解吸滞后现象更加明显。     

活性污泥对混合阳离子染料的吸附研究

用活性污泥对阳离子染料亚甲蓝和孔雀石绿的混合染料进行吸附研究,考察了染料摩尔比、离子浓度、污泥投加量对污泥吸附混合染料的影响,并用Langmuir和Freundlich方程对吸附数据进行了拟合.结果表明,污泥对混合染料的吸附符合假二级反应动力学;污泥可提供吸附点位的多少决定污泥对混合染料的吸附量;污泥对混合染料的吸附等温式与Freundlich方程拟合良好;染料摩尔比对混合染料的去除有一定影响,2种染料按照不同比例混合后,混合染料的去除率介于2种单组分染料的去除率之间;硫酸钠小于300 mg/L时,离子浓度增加对染料的去除有促进作用,高于300 mg/L后促进作用逐渐减弱,超过600 mg/L后混合染料去除率趋于稳定,不受硫酸钠浓度的影响.     

掺杂La3+纳米ZnO的制备及其光催化性能

采用共沉淀法制备了不同La3＋含量的La3＋-ZnO催化剂,采用x射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜等对催化剂的结构、相组成、形貌和粒径进行了表征,比较了不同La3＋含量的La3＋-ZnO催化剂对罗丹明B降解率的影响。实验结果表明,掺杂La3＋导致ZnO粒径减小,比表面积增大,延长了光生电子-空穴对的寿命,提高了ZnO的光量子产率,La3＋-ZnO催化剂的光催化活性比ZnO显著增强。La3＋质量分数为0．8％时,罗丹明B降解率最高,为92．5％。经La3＋质量分数0．8％的La3＋-ZnO催化剂降解后罗丹明B已被完全降解为无机小分子。