长白山西坡风灾干扰区的恢复和保护

长白山西坡发生的灾害性风灾干扰,一方面给长白山自然保护区的森林资源造成巨大损失,同时也提出了如何加强保护和加速恢复的新课题。文中分析了风灾干扰区的更新格局和过程以及干扰后处理的有关问题,提出了从立地和景观水平促进更新恢复的保护措施     

旅游资源的环境保护对策

随着旅游和假日经济的日益升温，旅游资源的环境保护就显得更为迫切。本文基于旅游业的可持续发展要求，提出了有效保护旅游资源环境的几点对策     

水解酸化─厌氧─好氧─混凝─吸附工艺处理洁霉素生产丁提高浓度有机废水

采用水解酸化厌氧好氧混凝吸附工艺处理洁霉素生产丁提高浓度有机废水，工程实践表明，ＣＯＤＣｒ和ＢＯＤ５去除率在９９％以上，所排废水各项指标达到国家排放标准。     

绿色化学浅议

绿色化学是更高层次的化学，其产生是为了避免或减少化学过程对人类健康和环境造成的危害，由此出现的技术是环境友好的技术。绿色化学的发展能节省资源、减少环境污染，并将成为可持续发展战略的核心内容之一。     

空气污染指数模式的改进

我国目前以空气污染指数API报告各城市的环境空气质量。由于我国各地环境空气质量状况差异很大,该方法在报告城市空气质量时具有较大的片面性,不能综合反应污染状况。本文针对现行的API指数法进行了模式推算和改进,新的计算模式可更客观全面地反映城市空气质量。     

Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

An approach to the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone

In this paper,the relationship among land productivity,population pressure and the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone is analyzed,taking coumties and banners of southeast Inner Mongolia plateau as an example,which is the most fragile part in the farming and husbandry interleaving belt of north China due to its severe desertification degree and low level of economic development.The Cv for the total output value of agriculture decreases from southeast to northwest,with the same rule as which the overloading population cumulated distributes,and both indicators have close relation with the high linear coefficient of 0.83.These reveal the fluctuation mechanism for ecotone:fluctuation of the level of economic development is a scientific and practical measure both to weakness degree and to instability of ecotone,because it is a synthesized response to the variation of climate as well as irrational land uses,which reinforce and magnify the fluctuation.In detail,the heavier the population overloading,the severer the grassland reclamation,the stronger the dependence of regional productivity on rainfall,the lower the level of economic development,the rougher the fluctuation of ecotone,but the weaker the PRED system.     

环境影响评价有效性评估理论研究

结合系统工程理论，初步建立环境影响评价有效性评估的概念方法和理论体系，据此对我国环境影响评价有效性进行初步评估，并提出进一步提高我国环境影响评价有效性的对策及建议。     

中国火葬场二噁英类污染物排放及减排技术研究

对中国某火葬场9具遗体进行了二(口恶)英类污染物排放测试,测试结果表明,烟气中二(口恶)英类物质总浓度为89～350ng·m-3,毒性当量浓度为1.5～5.4ng·m-3;PCDFs的总浓度高于PCDDs的总浓度;以此估算中国2004年火化遗体过程中二(口恶)英类污染物的年排放量为11.2～46.9 g·a-1.通过实验分别研究了布袋除尘器、布袋除尘器加不同厚度的活性炭纤维毡组合对火化遗体烟气中二(口恶)英类污染物的去除效果.结果表明,布袋除尘器去除火化烟气中二(口恶)英类污染物的效率为57.4%;布袋除尘器分别与厚度为5、15mm的活性炭纤维毡组合去除火化烟气中二(口恶)英类污染物的效率分别为64.0%和89.2%.     

中国PM_(2.5)污染状况和污染特征的研究

近１０ 余年来在中国的城市地区和清洁地区进行了ＰＭ２－５ 的采集和分析，其中包括ＰＭ２－５ 的质量浓度、离子和元素成分、酸度和酸化缓冲能力以及来源解析，研究结果表明，中国大部分地区ＰＭ２－５ 的污染较重，不论是质量浓度，还是各种主要成分浓度，在ＴＳＰ 和ＰＭ１０ 中都占有很高的比重，而ＰＭ２－５ 的酸度也远远高于ＴＳＰ 和ＰＭ１０ ，特别是近年来ＰＭ２－５ 污染还有相对加剧的趋势。