Tomato microtubule-associated protein end-binding protein 1 (EB1) mediates tolerance to salt stress北大核心CSCD

The dynamics of microtubules is regulated mainly by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and plays an important role in plant development and response to environmental signals. End-binding protein 1 (EB1) is a MAP specially binding to the microtubule plus end. Blast search of tomato genome showed two EB1 genes, which were named as SlEB1a (Solyc03g116370) and SlEB1b (Solyc02g092950) in this study. Transgenic tomato plants over-expressing SlEB1a or RNA interfering both SlEB1a and SlEB1b were constructed, and their sensitivity to microtubule depolymerization drug propyzamide and salt stress were analyzed. In this study, we determined the role of tomato EB1 (SlEB1) in the response to salt stress. Compared to the wild-type control plants, OE plants were more sensitive to 1 μmol/L propyzamide, whereas RNAi plants were more tolerant to 1 μmol/L propyzamide; in contrast, OE plants were more tolerant to 100 mmol/L NaCl, whereas RNAi plants were more sensitive to 100 mmol/L NaCl. Thus, SlEB1 might positively regulate salt stress response by negatively regulating the dynamics of tomato cortical microtubules. This study forms a basis for how cortical microtubule dynamics plays a role in plant response to salt stress. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

丝状菌对好氧颗粒污泥形成的影响

通过在SBR中分别接种85%的絮状活性污泥和15%的丝状菌,采用以葡萄糖为碳源配制的人工模拟进水,研究丝状菌对好氧颗粒污泥形成的影响。结果在15 d内培养出理化性能良好的好氧颗粒污泥,表明丝状菌能够加快好氧颗粒污泥的形成。反应器运行期间,COD、NH4+-N、总氮和总磷的平均去除率分别为80.0%、86.9%、70.0%和42.5%,且出水水质稳定,表明好氧颗粒污泥具有良好的除污效果。     

Experimental study of nitrite accumulation in predenitrification biological nitrogen removal process

The effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on nitrite accumulation was investigated in a pilot-scale pre-denitrification process at room temperature for 100 days. In the first 10 days, due to the instability of the system, the DO concentration fluctuated between 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L. In the next 14 days, the DO concentration was kept at 0.5 mg/L and nitrite accumulation occurred, with the average nitrite accumulation rate at 91%. From the 25th day, the DO concentration was increased to 2.0 mg/L to destroy the nitrite accumulation, but nitrite accumulation rate was still as high as 90%. From the 38th day the nitrite accumulation rate decreased to 15%–30% linearly. From the 50th day, DO concentration was decreased to 0.5 mg/L to resume nitrite accumulation. Until the 83rd day the nitrite accumulation rate began to increase to 80%. Dissolved oxygen was the main cause of nitrite accumulation, taking into account other factors such as pH, free ammonia concentration, temperature, and sludge retention time. Because of the different affinity for oxygen between nitrite oxidizing bacteria and ammonia oxidizing bacteria when DO concentration was kept at 0.5 mg/L, nitrite accumulation occurred.     

CLT酸废母液资源化萃取工艺

研究 N₂₃₅溶剂萃取体系综合处理 CLT酸废母液工艺 ,以实现资源回收 .结果表明 ,在萃取剂浓度为 40% ,酸化率为 50% ,相比 1∶1时 ,萃取效果最佳 ,此时废母液 COD去除率达 97% ,萃余液 COD低于 200 mg/L ,COD指标达到国家综合排放标准( GB8978-1996) ;Na₂CO₃和 NaOH混合水溶液作反萃剂 ,能够完全反萃 ,浓缩倍数达 9.4倍 ;浓缩液经蒸浓酸析 ,得到固体产品 ,产率 8.34g/L(废母液 ) ,主要有机成分为 CLT酸及其硝基衍生物 .     

氧化胁迫参与硫酸锌诱导的酵母细胞死亡

以模式生物酵母为材料,研究了不同浓度硫酸锌对酵母细胞的致死效应,以及活性氧(ROS)在硫酸锌诱导酵母凋亡中的作用.结果显示,低浓度处理组中,酵母细胞的相对生长率、超氧化物歧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力升高,超氧化物歧化酶相关基因SOD1和SOD2表达增强,而细胞存活率和MDA含量无明显变化.高浓度(3和5 mmol·L~(-1))处理组中,野生株酵母超氧化物歧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力明显下降,SOD1和SOD2基因表达受到明显抑制,胞内ROS水平和MDA含量升高,细胞死亡率显著上升;在相同锌处理组中,突变体ΔSOD1对硫酸锌的耐受性明显差于野生株BY4741,ΔSOD1胞内ROS水平和细胞凋亡率显著高于野生株,而ΔSOD2与野生株间无显著差异.结果表明,低浓度硫酸锌可促进酵母细胞生长,可能诱导了酵母细胞生长的Hormesis效应;高浓度硫酸锌可引起酵母细胞氧化损伤,而锌胁迫诱导的胞内ROS水平升高是酵母细胞死亡的一个诱因.该研究结果可为锌化物的毒性作用及其健康风险评估提供理论依据.     

官厅水库周边不同土地利用方式下氮、磷非点源污染模拟研究

利用小型人工降雨模拟器 ,选择官厅水库周边 4种典型土地利用类型 ,通过进行天然大暴雨实验 ,研究了氮、磷随暴雨径流及径流沉积物的迁移过程 ,同时估算了总氮、总磷在不同土地利用方式下的流失速率 .研究结果表明 ,在相同降雨条件下 ,4种土地利用类型的产流量和沉积物产生量大小顺序均为 :不施肥菜地 >葡萄果园 >施肥玉米地 >海棠果园 ,产流量和沉积物流失量成显著正相关 .氮、磷流失速率和流失量随土地利用类型的不同表现出明显差异 ,地表径流水相TN、TP的流失大小顺序为葡萄果园 >施肥玉米地 >海棠果园 >不施肥菜地 ,其中大部分是以悬浮颗粒态形式流失 .单位面积表层 10cm土壤氮、磷流失量分别高达 17.5 3～ 41 14g·m- 2 和 1 99～ 14 2 5g·m- 2 ,其中随径流沉积物相迁移的氮、磷占绝大部分 .地表径流水相氮、磷的流失速率分别在 2 5 9～ 4 47mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 和 0 43～ 0 63mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 之间 ,而径流沉积物相氮、磷流失速率则分别高达 3 86 42～ 13 61 76mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 和 2 10 5 6～ 5 3 0 19mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 .     

Severe air pollution and characteristics of light-absorbing particles in a typical rural area of the Indo-Gangetic Plain

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Total suspended particles (TSP) were collected in Lumbini from April 2013 to March 2016 to better understand the characteristics of carbonaceous...     

探究林业生态保护与天然林保护的具体措施

在我国长期的发展与建设过程中,林业生态保护与天然林保护在很长的一段时期内被忽视,部分地区的环保设施与政策严重影响了当地甚至是全国的林业生态环境状况。     

微塑料在土壤-地下水中的环境行为及其生态毒性研究进展

微塑料已成为一类新型污染物遍布全球各个角落,由此产生的环境问题日趋严峻。第二届联合国环境大会上将微塑料污染列为环境与生态科学研究领域的第二大科学问题。目前大多数研究集中在海洋环境方面,有关土壤-地下水系统中微塑料的环境行为及生态毒性相关研究还较为薄弱。本文基于大量文献调研,较系统地回顾梳理了有关土壤-地下水中微塑料的来源、迁移归趋及其生态毒理效应的研究成果,并对未来研究做出评述和展望,旨在促进土壤-地下水系统中微塑料污染的相关研究。     

Deposition and regional distribution of HCHs and p,p′-DDX in the western and southern Tibetan Plateau: records from a lake sediment core and the surface soils

Tibetan Plateau is the world’s highest plateau, which provides a unique location for the investigation of global fractionation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). In this study, deposition and regional distribution of HCHs and p,p′-DDX in the western and southern Tibetan Plateau were investigated by the records from a sediment core of Lake Zige Tangco and 24 surface soils. Concentration of ΣHCHs in the surface soils of the western Tibetan Plateau was much higher than that of the southern part. Maximum fluxes of α-, β-, and δ-HCH in the sediment core were 9.0, 222, and 21 pg cm^?2 year^?1, respectively, which appeared in the mid-1960s. Significant correlations were observed between concentrations of α- and β-HCH in both the surface soils and the sediment core. Concentrations of both α- and β-HCH increased with the inverse of the average annual temperature of these sites. γ-HCH became the dominant isomer of HCHs after the late 1970s, and reached the maximum flux of 160 pg cm^?2 year^?1 in the early 1990s. There were no significant correlations between concentrations of γ-HCH and the other isomers in both the surface soils and the sediment core. The results suggested that there was input of Lindane at scattered sites in this area. In contrast to ΣHCHs, concentration of Σp,p′-DDX in the surface soils of the southern part was much higher than that of the western part. Maximum flux of Σp,p′-DDX was 44 pg cm^?2 year^?1, which appeared in the mid-1960s. Local emission of p,p′-DDT was found at scattered sites. This study provides novel data and knowledge for the OCPs in the western and southern Tibetan Plateau, which will help understand the global fractionation of OCPs in remote alpine regions.