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排序方式: 共有199条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Lazar B Maslov L Romanić SH Gračan R Krauthacker B Holcer D Tvrtković N 《Chemosphere》2011,82(1):121-129
We analyzed 15 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and five organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fat tissue of 27 loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from eastern Adriatic Sea with the curved carapace length ranging from 25.0 to 84.5 cm. The PCB profile was dominated by hexa- and hepta-chlorinated congeners, with PCB-153 (median: 114.9 ng g−1 wet mass), PCB-138 (80.0 ng g−1 w.m.), and PCB-180 (26.7 ng g−1 w.m.) detected with the highest levels. Toxic mono-ortho congeners PCB-118, PCB-105 and PCB-180 with dioxin-like toxicity were found in >70% samples. 4,4′-DDE (81.0 ng g−1 w.m.) prevailed the OCP signature, accounting for 80% of the total DDTs. A significant increasing trend in accumulation with size was found for PCB-52 (rs = 0.512, p < 0.01) and PCB-114 (rs = 0.421, p < 0.05). Comparison of our results with organochlorine contaminant (OC) pattern in some prey taxa suggest that contamination occurs primarily through the food web, with biomagnification factors of 0.14-6.99 which were positively correlated with the octanol-water partition coefficient (log Kow; p < 0.05). This study, based upon a fairly large sample size collected mostly from incidentally captured animals over a short time period (June 2001-November 2002), present a temporal snapshot of OC contamination in wild, free-ranging loggerheads from Adriatic feeding grounds and provide a baseline for monitoring the regional OC trends in this endangered species. 相似文献
72.
Development of a nonlocal convective mixing scheme with varying upward mixing rates for use in air quality and chemical transport models 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mihailović DT Alapaty K Sakradzija M 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2008,15(4):296-302
BACKGROUND, AIM, AND SCOPE: Asymmetrical convective non-local scheme (CON) with varying upward mixing rates is developed for simulation of vertical turbulent mixing in the convective boundary layer in air quality and chemical transport models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The upward mixing rate form the surface layer is parameterized using the sensible heat flux and the friction and convective velocities. Upward mixing rates varying with height are scaled with an amount of turbulent kinetic energy in layer, while the downward mixing rates are derived from mass conservation. RESULTS: This scheme provides a less rapid mass transport out of surface layer into other layers than other asymmetrical convective mixing schemes. DISCUSSION: In this paper, we studied the performance of a nonlocal convective mixing scheme with varying upward mixing in the atmospheric boundary layer and its impact on the concentration of pollutants calculated with chemical and air-quality models. This scheme was additionally compared versus a local eddy-diffusivity scheme (KSC). Simulated concentrations of NO(2) and the nitrate wet deposition by the CON scheme are closer to the observations when compared to those obtained from using the KSC scheme. CONCLUSIONS: Concentrations calculated with the CON scheme are in general higher and closer to the observations than those obtained by the KSC scheme (of the order of 15-20%). Nitrate wet deposition calculated with the CON scheme are in general higher and closer to the observations than those obtained by the KSC scheme. RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES: To examine the performance of the scheme, simulated and measured concentrations of a pollutant (NO(2)) and nitrate wet deposition was compared for the year 2002. The comparison was made for the whole domain used in simulations performed by the chemical European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme Unified model (version UNI-ACID, rv2.0) where schemes were incorporated. 相似文献
73.
A. Alexiou P. Kostarakis V. N. Christofilakis T. Zervos A. A. Alexandridis K. Dangakis C. Soras V. V. Petrović B. M. Kolundžija A. R. Dordević 《The Environmentalist》2005,25(2-4):215-221
Summary The performance of a cellular phone commercial helical antenna at 900~MHz band, both in free space and in the presence of
a human head phantom was studied. Numerical simulation of the phone model for the latter case has been performed giving 3D
radiation diagrams. The effect of the phantom head on radiation diagrams is presented. The relative amount of the EM power
absorbed in the head was obtained for several distances of the phone. Measurements were carried out in a RF anechoic chamber
using standard horn antennas and a calibrated measuring system. Absolute radiation patterns of the antenna gain were obtained
in the three principal planes. Significant reduction of the absorbed power could be achieved just by moving the phone 1 cm
away from the head. 相似文献
74.
75.
František Vožeh Antonín Doněk Jan Cendelín Ivana Korelusová Jan Vrba 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):501-504
The effect of long-term exposure to high frequency electromagnetic field (HF EMF) on some somatic and neural characteristics
was studied in neurodefective Lurcher mutant (+/Lc) and normal wild type mice (+/+). Both newborn and young adult (3 months)
animals derived from two strains (C3H, B6CBA) were exposed to HF EMF (870 MHz) from 1st to 21st day or from 91st to 120th
day respectively. In animals of both groups and controls we observed the development of body weight. Moreover, in the HF EMF
exposed adult B6CBA animals we studied spatial learning ability, motor functions and the CNS excitability. To investigate
specific energy absorption rate (SAR) in experimental animals we have done the basic 3D calculations of the electromagnetic
energy distribution in the simplified model of the mouse. The HF EMF exposed animals exhibited mild differences of body weight
between them and unexposed controls. The long-term exposure to HF EMF did not significantly influence the ability to learn
in the Morris water maze. However, significant lower swimming speed was found in the irradiated +/Lc as well as lower motor
activity of +/+ in the open field when compared to controls. No significant differences were found between HF EMF irradiated
animals and controls in examination of the CNS excitability and motor functions. 相似文献
76.
Irena Ciglenečki Srđan Pichler Esad Prohić Božena Ćosović 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2006,6(5-6):537-545
Geochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological analyses were carried out to contrast two different sites (respectively characterized
by permanently oxic and anoxic conditions) in a small, meromictic, seawater lake. In fact, due to relatively high organic
matter content, and reduced water exchange, the Rogoznica Lake has almost permanent anoxic conditions below the depth of 12 m,
where sediment can be considered an anoxic–sulphidic sedimentary environment. Different water column and sediments redox conditions
affect the distribution and speciation of major redox-sensitive metals (Fe, Mn, Mo), reduced sulphur species (RSS) and dissolved
organic C (DOC). Trace metals, especially those that accumulate in anoxic–sulphidic environments (Fe, Mo) showed a marked
enrichment in the solid phase, whereas the low solubility of sulphides leads to low porewater concentrations. The relatively
high sedimentary enrichment of Mo (up to 81 mg/kg) also confirms highly anoxic conditions within the Rogoznica Lake sediments.
Results clearly show that chemical species within the sediments will tend towards equilibrium between porewater and solid
phase according the prevailing environment conditions such as redox, pH, salinity, DOC. 相似文献
77.
78.
79.
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Recycling possibilities were evaluated for a composite waste composed of glass fiber reinforced polyester bound to a layer of crosslinked... 相似文献
80.
In this paper we compute the genuine savings indicators for the Republic of Ireland over the period 1995-2005. We expand and improve existing World Bank's estimates by: a) using data collected from official Irish sources; b) employing the net present value method to assess resource depreciation; c) including external costs from SO(2) and NOx emissions; and d) estimating human capital accumulation using the returns to education. We also perform a sensitivity analysis to check the robustness of our estimates to different assumptions and parameters. Our estimates are consistently smaller than the World Bank's and negative in the first years of the period considered. 相似文献