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61.
Sustainable Cities and Sustainable Development Sustainable Cities. G. Haughton &; C. Hunter, 1994, Jessica Kingsley/Regional Studies Association, London Sustainable Cities in Europe. P. Nijkamp &; A. Perrels, 1994, Earthscan, London ISBN 185383, £12.95 Toward Sustainable Development Concepts, Methods and Policy. J. C. J. M. van den Bergh &; J. van der Straaten, 1994, Island Press, Washington, DC, ISBN 1 55963 3492, £30.00 Just Environments: intergenerational, international and interspecies issues. David E. Cooper &; Joy A. Palmer (Eds), 1995, London, Routledge, ISBN 0 415–10336–3, pp. 199, index, £11.99 First Steps: Local Agenda 21 in practice. Stella Whittaker (Ed.), 1995, London, HMSO, 251 pp. ISBN 0 11 701871 6, £29.95 Beyond the Car: essays on the auto culture. Sue Zielinski &; Gordon Laird (Eds), 1995, Toronto, Steel Rail Publishing/Transportation Options, 191 pp. ISBN 0 88791 042 4, pbk, C$ 19.95, US$15.95 相似文献
62.
Based on a review of hundreds of environmental restoration program optimization reviews, this article describes management tools found in successful and efficient remediation programs. Projects that consistently struggled to achieve their objectives were observed to be missing certain, or to have inadequately used, these tools. The tools are articulated as best practices because when they are present and actively used, project shortcomings were minimal. Priority objectives for site owners and project managers include improving efficiency and effectiveness through performance management, reducing resource usage and energy consumption, ensuring protectiveness, and reducing uncertainty in management decision making. Restoring environmental resources damaged by historic waste management practices began in earnest in the late 1960s and early 1970s with the broad recognition of the problems caused by environmental discharges and spills when wastes are not managed appropriately. Under new regulations, soil and groundwater remediation projects could be, and were, conducted within a defined framework. The number and variety of restoration projects that were launched resulted in a slew of projects progressing through the stages of characterization, decision, and cleanup, and more were added to the cleanup process each year. In the 1990s, the Department of Defense noted that many cleanup efforts were projected to incur substantial operational, maintenance, and monitoring costs for decades into the future. This was correctly perceived as an opportunity to optimize those systems and programs, minimize costs, and reduce health and environmental risks. The best practices outlined in this article address management tools that were identified in optimization efforts that led to effective and efficient environmental remediation projects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
63.
Traditionally, evolutionary ecology and conservation biology have primarily been concerned with how environmental changes
affect population size and genetic diversity. Recently, however, there has been a growing realization that phenotypic plasticity
can have important consequences for the probability of population persistence, population growth, and evolution during rapid
environmental change. Habitat fragmentation due to human activities is dramatically changing the ecological conditions of
life for many organisms. In this review, we use examples from the literature to demonstrate that habitat fragmentation has
important consequences on oviposition site selection in insects, with carryover effects on offspring survival and, therefore,
population dynamics. We argue that plasticity in oviposition site selection and maternal effects on offspring phenotypes may
be an important, yet underexplored, mechanism by which environmental conditions have consequences across generations. Without
considering the impact of habitat fragmentation on oviposition site selection, it will be difficult to assess the effect of
fragmentation on offspring fitness, and ultimately to understand the impact of anthropogenic-induced environmental change
on population viability. 相似文献
64.
65.
Sustainable Cities and Sustainable Development Sustainable Cities. G. Haughton & C. Hunter, 1994, Jessica Kingsley/Regional Studies Association, London
Sustainable Cities in Europe. P. Nijkamp & A. Perrels, 1994, Earthscan, London ISBN 185383, £12.95
Toward Sustainable Development Concepts, Methods and Policy. J. C. J. M. van den Bergh & J. van der Straaten, 1994, Island Press, Washington, DC, ISBN 1 55963 3492, £30.00
Just Environments: intergenerational, international and interspecies issues. David E. Cooper & Joy A. Palmer (Eds), 1995, London, Routledge, ISBN 0 415-10336-3, pp. 199, index, £11.99
First Steps: Local Agenda 21 in practice. Stella Whittaker (Ed.), 1995, London, HMSO, 251 pp. ISBN 0 11 701871 6, £29.95
Beyond the Car: essays on the auto culture. Sue Zielinski & Gordon Laird (Eds), 1995, Toronto, Steel Rail Publishing/Transportation Options, 191 pp. ISBN 0 88791 042 4, pbk, C$ 19.95, US$15.95 相似文献
Sustainable Cities in Europe. P. Nijkamp & A. Perrels, 1994, Earthscan, London ISBN 185383, £12.95
Toward Sustainable Development Concepts, Methods and Policy. J. C. J. M. van den Bergh & J. van der Straaten, 1994, Island Press, Washington, DC, ISBN 1 55963 3492, £30.00
Just Environments: intergenerational, international and interspecies issues. David E. Cooper & Joy A. Palmer (Eds), 1995, London, Routledge, ISBN 0 415-10336-3, pp. 199, index, £11.99
First Steps: Local Agenda 21 in practice. Stella Whittaker (Ed.), 1995, London, HMSO, 251 pp. ISBN 0 11 701871 6, £29.95
Beyond the Car: essays on the auto culture. Sue Zielinski & Gordon Laird (Eds), 1995, Toronto, Steel Rail Publishing/Transportation Options, 191 pp. ISBN 0 88791 042 4, pbk, C$ 19.95, US$15.95 相似文献
66.
67.
Toan Nguyen Solveig Heide Lucie Guilbaud Stéphanie Valence Saskia Vande Perre Eléonore Blondiaux Boris Keren Geneviève Quenum-Miraillet Jean-Marie Jouannic Laurent Mandelbrot Olivier Picone Agnès Guet Vassilis Tsatsaris Mathieu Milh Nadine Girard Marie Vincent Mathilde Nizon Céline Poirsier Alexandre Vivanti Alexandra Benachi Vincent des Portes Laurent Guibaud Olivier Patat Myrtille Spentchian Lisa Frugère Delphine Héron Catherine Garel 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(6):746-755
68.
Mark T. Gibbs 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(6):1091-1106
At any time, the condition of ecological infrastructure is related to the availability of funds to support operational management programmes. Environmental management outcomes are therefore often coupled to general economic conditions. When general economic conditions are favourable, investment in environmental management is often greater. This implies that environmental management frameworks need to be able to cope with the waxing and waning of economic conditions while still delivering acceptable environmental management and service delivery outcomes. At the onset of budget cuts, environmental managers therefore need effective ways of assessing the near and far future trade-offs of curtailing particular programmes in a defensible and internally consistent manner.
Operators of large civil infrastructure assets face the same problem. In response, the asset management community has developed the State of Good Repair approach. The objective of the preliminary consideration presented here was to determine whether this engineering management approach has any merit in environmental management. 相似文献
69.
Battle?Karimi Pierre?Alain?Maron Nicolas?Chemidlin-Prevost Boure Nadine?Bernard Daniel?Gilbert Lionel?RanjardEmail author 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(2):265-281
Evaluating the quality of ecosystems in terms of biological patrimony and functioning is of critical importance in the actual context of intensified human activities. Microbial diversity is commonly used as a bioindicator of ecosystems functioning. However, there is a lack of sensitivity of microbial diversity indicators in the case of moderate and chronic environmental degradation, such as atmospheric deposition of pollutants, agricultural practices, diffuse pollution by wastewater and climate change. As a consequence, there is a need for alternative bioindicators of soils and water quality. Here, we discuss the interest of adopting a more integrative approach based on biotic interaction networks beyond the simple diversity indicators. We review how the various biotic interactions can be integrated in the various microbial networks such as trophic, mutualistic and co-occurrence networks. Then we discuss the efficiency of microbial networks and associated metrics to detect changes in microbial communities. We conclude that the connectance, the number of links and the average degree of co-occurrence networks could vary from 10 to 50% in response to minor perturbations when microbial diversity parameters remain stable. Finally, we analyze studies that aimed at linking microbial networks and activity to evaluate the potential of such networks for providing simple and operational indicators of ecosystem quality and functioning. 相似文献
70.
Kathleen M. Scott Amanda J. Boller Kimberly P. Dobrinski Nadine Le Bris 《Marine Biology》2012,159(2):435-442
Vestimentiferan tubeworms, which rely on intracellular sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic bacteria for organic carbon, flourish
at deep-sea hydrothermal vents despite the erratic nature of their habitat. To assess the degree to which differences in habitat
chemistry (sulfide, pH/CO2) might impact host and symbiont metabolic activity, Riftia pachyptila tubeworms were collected from habitats with low (H2S < 0.0001 mM) and high (up to 0.7 mM) sulfide concentrations. The elemental sulfur content of the symbiont-containing trophosome
organ was lower in specimens collected from the low-sulfide site. Symbiont abundance, RubisCO activity, and trophosome carbon
fixation rates were not significantly different for individuals collected from low- versus high-sulfide habitats. Carbonic
anhydrase activities were higher in the anterior gas exchange organs of R. pachyptila from the low-sulfide habitat. Despite large differences in habitat chemistry, symbiont abundance and autotrophic potential
were consistent, while the host appears to tailor carbonic anhydrase activity to environmental CO2 availability. 相似文献