Coping with the liquidity crisis: a new dynamic quota readjustment scheme for carbon markets

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Because of insufficient liquidity, prices in the carbon market are more vulnerable to unexpected events, for which the impact duration lasts longer than that...     

Microwave thermal remediation of crude oil contaminated soil enhanced by carbon fiber

Thermal remediation of the soil contaminated with crude oil using microwave heating enhanced by carbon fiber (CF) was explored. The contaminated soil was treated with 2.45 GHz microwave, and CF was added to improve the conversion of microwave energy into thermal energy to heat the soil. During microwave heating, the oil contaminant was removed from the soil matrix and recovered by a condensation system of ice-salt bath. The experimental results indicated that CF could e ciently enhance the microwave heating of soil even with relatively low-dose. With 0.1 wt.% CF, the soil could be heated to approximately 700°C within 4 min using 800 W of microwave irradiation. Correspondingly, the contaminated soil could be highly cleaned up in a short time. Investigation of oil recovery showed that, during the remediation process, oil contaminant in the soil could be e ciently recovered without causing significant secondary pollution.     

二元金属体系对水中多氯有机物的催化还原脱氯特性

采用二元金属作为还原和催化剂,对水中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳和三氯乙烯的还原特性进行了实验研究。结果表明,Fe/Pd和Fe/Ni体系对所有3种有机物具有良好的催化脱氯特性,30min内脱氯率大于85％。对三氯甲烷,仅用零价铁即可达到近80％的脱氯效率。水中的铁浓度和pH值在反应初期随反应时间而增高,反应后期却降低,文中对此原因作了理论分析。     

含羧甲基淀粉复合絮凝剂的絮凝性能

以酸性铝盐和碱式铝盐为基本原料,引入羧甲基淀粉,制备新型无机-有机复合高分子絮凝剂(PASC).分别对硅藻土悬浮液和染料溶液进行絮凝实验,并与传统絮凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)进行对比实验.对于不同初始浊度的硅藻土悬浮液,当剩余浊度达1 NTU时,PASC加入量较PAC分别减少57.56%～75.31%.PASC加入量为12 mg/L时,分散橙染料溶液色度去除率达98.14%;PASC加入量为18 mg/L时,活性红染料溶液色度去除率达81.18%.     

白洋淀水中白腐真菌对双酚A的降解规律及途径研究

研究白洋淀表层水(白洋淀原水)、无机盐培养基、无机盐培养基强化的白洋淀原水中双酚A在白腐真菌作用下的生物降解规律,同时考察了细菌及pH等因素对降解率的影响.实验结果表明,白洋淀原水中双酚A在白腐真菌作用下的降解率很高.甚至高于最适营养条件(无机盐培养基)下双酚A的降解率.在6 d达到完全降解.但是无机盐培养基强化的白洋淀原水抑制了白腐真菌对双酚A的降解;当细菌存在时.白腐真菌与细菌对碳源和能源等形成了竞争关系,抑制了白腐真菌的生长.不利于白腐真菌对双酚A的降解;无机盐培养基强化的白洋淀原水在初始pH-6.00时双酚A的降解率高于初始pH=7.00时双酚A的降解率.通过气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析.白腐真菌降解双酚A的中间产物包括2-对羟苯基-2-酮基-1-乙醇、2-羟基苯乙酸和丙二酸等小分子酸.     

熟化对PAC样品聚合形态及絮凝效果的影响

对微量加碱法合成的聚合氯化铝(PAC)液体产品进行程序升温熟化,核磁共振分析结果证明,可生成新的聚合形态--Al30.对 Al-Ferron 络合比色法的动力学常数的分析结果表明,熟化能使 Alb1减少且聚合度降低,而使 Alb2增多且聚合度增大;熟化有利于Al30的形成,从而提高PAC的絮凝效果.絮凝效果受熟化时间和温度的影响,95℃下熟化8 h的样品絮凝效果最佳.     

萃取／硝化／石墨炉原子吸收法测定海水中的三丁基锡

建立了萃取／硝化／石墨炉原子吸收法分析海水中三丁基锡的方法，筛选了最佳的萃取条件、基改剂及石墨炉参数。本方法检出限为０１６μｇ／Ｌ；相对标准偏差最高不超过４％；回收率为９４％～１０５％。     

提高工业废水中矿物油测定结果准确度的方法探讨

工业废水中矿物油监测分析存在着水样代表性、稀释误差和标准油品差异等多种因素 ,影响测定结果的准确度。本文就紫外法测定工业废水中矿物油含量的影响因素进行了分析探讨 ,提出提高该项目测定结果准确度的方法。     

Kinetics of enhanced adsorption by polarization for organic pollutants on activated carbon fiber

The adsorption kinetics for model pollutants on activated carbon fiber (ACF) by polarization was investigated in this work. Kinetics data obtained for the adsorption of these model pollutants at open-circuit, 400 mV, and −400 mV polarization were applied to the Lagergren equation, and adsorption rate constants (K _a) were determined. With the anodic polarization of 400 mV, the capacity of sodium phenoxide was increased from 0.0083 mmol/g at open-circuit to 0.18 mmol/g, and a 17-fold enhancement was achieved; however, the capacity of p-nitrophenol was decreased from 2.93 mmol/g at open-circuit to 2.65 mmol/g. With the cathodal polarization of −400 mV, the capacity of aniline was improved from 3.60 mmol/g at open-circuit to 3.88 mmol/g; however, the capacity of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was reduced from 2.20 mmol/g at open-circuit to 1.59 mmol/g. The enhancement for electrosorption changed with different groups substituting. Anodic polarization enhances the adsorption of benzene with the electron-donating group. But whether anodic or not, cathodal polarization had less effect on the adsorption of electron-accepting aromatic compounds, and decreased the adsorption capacity of benzene-bearing donor-conjugate bridge-acceptor, while increasing its adsorption rate. Electrostatic interaction played a very important role in the electrosorption of ion-pollutants. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(6): 1111–1116 [译自: 环境科学]     

河北省地表水中多环芳烃的分布特征

测定采自河北省12条河流和19个湖泊、水库共37个样点的地表水及悬浮颗粒中16种多环芳烃(PAH16)和有机碳的含量.结果表明,河北省地表水PAH16均值为(84.5±4.5)ng·L-1,悬浮颗粒PAH16含量均值为(17.3±4.4)μg·g-1.地表水中PAH16以中、低环成份为主,悬浮颗粒中则以中环为主.地表水PAH16高浓度样点主要分布在沧州的献县闸、桑园桥,唐山的女织寨及张家口的左卫桥、响水堡等地;悬浮物PAHs高含量样点主要分布在唐山陡河水库、保定西大洋水库、邯郸东武仕水库等地.地表水中PAH16含量与水中溶解态有机碳含量呈对数正相关;而悬浮颗粒中PAH16浓度与颗粒态有机碳浓度无显著相关关系.3个样点的地表水苯并(a)芘含量超过国家地表水质量标准;而悬浮颗粒中,菲、芴和蒽产生负面生态效应的几率较高.