能源资源开发与区域经济发展协调研究——以我国西北地区为例

本文探讨了能源资源富集、但经济发展相对落后的经济大区能源资源开发同地区经济协调发展的问题。侧重以我国西北地区为例,从实证的角度,阐述了能源开发对地区经济繁荣的意义和作用、富能地区经济系统的空间组织以及推动能源开发同可持续发展相互协调的区域政策要点。     

Stability analysis of alkaline nitrobenzene-containing wastewater by a catalyzed Fe-Cu treatment process

Iron and copper bimetallic system (catalyzed Fe-Cu process) is a promising technology for alkaline nitrobenzene-containing wastewater treatment. However, little is currently known about the changes of treatment efficiency with time going. This research investigated the long-term performance of the catalyzed Fe-Cu process to reduce nitrobenzene (NB) in alkaline wastewater. In addition, the changes of the metal surfaces morphologies and matters before and after the reaction were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with energy-dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The results showed that the surface properties of copper almost remained unchanged after weeks of operation, which spelled its strong chemical stability and resistance to poisoning. Moreover, the results indicated that there were two reasons for the treatment efficiency decreasing with time. One was the gradual iron element consumption due to corrosion. The other was iron reactivity weakened due to the precipitates accumulation on the surfaces that were mainly Fe₃O₄ and FeCO. __________ Translated from Environmental Pollution & Control, 2006, 28(10): 783–785 [译自: 环境污染与防治]     

中国经济增长最大的风险是资源不足

中国经济增长最大的风险是资源不足，按照已经探明的自然资源总量估计的资源价值，中国是5万亿美元，远远比不上俄罗斯的300万亿美元。按照人均资源中国就更是少得可怜。寄希望于科技进步，如氢燃料，转基因、海水淡化，由于成本限制在15年内应用价值不大。把污染环境，消耗资源最大的重化工业，如钢铁、造纸、化工等向海外迁移，是一个重要的大战略，但国内生产速度要下降，外国能够接纳多少也未可知。如果是投资带移民，对中国利益最大，但必然要受到外国的强烈反对。     

半导体生产排放的废气和废水中砷、磷、硫的分析方法研究

研究了一种快速、灵敏、可靠的高温氢还原-气相色谱分析方法[1-2]，并自行设计了高温还原系统(还原炉、六通阀等)，测定半导体生产排放废气和废水中的砷、磷、硫及其化合物，样品不需预处理，使气相色谱仪能直接测定固、液、气相样品中砷、磷、硫及其化合物的含量。砷、磷、硫的检测限分别为0．01mg／L、0．003mg／L、0．02mg／L；相对标准偏差分别为6．2％、8．6％和0．3％，与经典方法进行对比，结果基本一致。从分析方法的误差统计角度，也说明该方法准确、可靠。     

大气污染对城市能见度影响研究的理论与实践

首先从理论上探讨了颗粒物及气态污染物对能见度的影响．论述了城市大气光化学反应过程中的气粒转化过程。此外．选取4个气象参数：风速、气温、气压和相对湿度．及3个大气污染指标：SO2、NOx、PM10，与晴天水平能见度进行了相关分析．并建立回归方程。初步分析表明．城市能见度除受大气污染的影响外．还与湿度、风速．风向等气象条件及雾、降水、浮尘等天气有密切关系，它主要是大中小尺度天气和大气环境共同作用的结果．在一定条件下．它与PM10和SO2有较为明显的相关性。     

废旧锂离子电池回收利用的研究现状

目前废旧锂离子电池的回收利用，重点是电极材料中有价金属的回收，主要是应用酸浸和溶剂萃取相联合的湿法冶金技术，其次将电化学技术用于浸出液中金属的沉积和对失效电极材料的直接修复也有相关的研究报导。根据锂离子电池的发展和未来的环境要求，今后的回收利用将朝综合处理和多元化处理技术的方向发展。     

开关电源电磁兼容可靠性设计的一种新方法

首先介绍了开关电源电磁兼容问题产生的原因,研究了提高其可靠性的传统设计方法.提出了一种用以提高电子设备在电磁干扰影响下可靠性的地线加电容法.并对这种方法进行了详细说明,探讨了在实际工程应用中的具体方法,证明了其有助于开关电源以及其它电子产品电磁兼容可靠性设计的改善和提高.     

Effects of acid,acid-ZVI/PMS,Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS conditioning on the wastewater activated sludge(WAS)dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)

The effects of four conditioning approaches:Acid,Acid-zero-valent iron(ZVI)/peroxydisulfate(PMS),Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS,on wastewater activated sludge(WAS) dewatering and organics distribution in supernatant and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) layers were investigated.The highest reduction in bound water and the most WAS destruction was achieved by Acid-ZVI/PMS,and the optimum conditions were pH 3,ZVI dosage 0.15 g/g dry solid(DS),oxone dosage 0.07 g/g DS and reaction time 10.6 min with the reductions in capillary suction time(CST) and water content(Wc) as 19.67% and 8.49%,respectively.Four conditioning approaches could result in TOC increase in EPS layers and supernatant,and protein(PN) content in tightly bound EPS(TB-EPS).After conditioning,organics in EPS layers could migrate to supernatant.Polysaccharide(PS) was easier to migrate to supernatant than PN.In addition,Acid,Acid-ZVI/PMS or Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS conditioning promoted the release of some polysaccharides containing ring vibrations v P=O,v C-O-C,v C-O-P functional groups from TB-EPS.ESR spectra proved that both radicals of SO_4~-· and·OH contributed to dewatering and organics transformation and migration.CST value of WAS positively correlated with the ratios of PN/PS in LB-EPS and total EPS,while it negatively correlated with TOC,PN content and PS content in TB-EPS,as well as PS content in supernatant and LB-EPS.BWC negatively correlated to zeta potential and TOC value,PN content,and HA content in supernatant.     

基于WebGIS的浙江近海水环境质量评价系统的研制

以浙江近海为例,采用ArcIMS作为电子地图网络发布平台,集成ASP和Report Service技术,同时采用遥感水质反演的方法获取水环境信息,建立了基于WebGIS的近海水环境质量评价系统.本文讨论了系统的设计思路、数据组织和开发流程,初步实现了水质和水产品质量信息的统计分析、评价咨询、网络发布等功能.     

Determination and discussion hydraulic retention time in membrane bioreactor system

Based on the microorganism kinetic model, the formula for computing hydraulic retention time in a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) is derived. With considering HRT as an evaluation index a combinational approach was used to discuss factors which have an effect on MBR. As a result, the influencing factors were listed in order from strength to weakness as: maximum specific removal rate K, saturation constant Ks, maintenance coefficient m, maximum specific growth rate ,ua and observed yield coefficient Yobs. Moreover, the formula was simplified, whose parameters were experimentally determined in petrochemical wastewater treatment. The simplified formula is θ= 1.1( 1/β -1)(Kｓ S)/KXo , for oetroehemical wastewater treatment K and Ko eaualed 0.185 and 154.2, resoectively.