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71.
Stem and leaf homogenates from tobacco plants metabolised deltamethrin by oxidative and hydrolytic actions on the insecticide. Although a major portion of deltamethrin remained unchanged, metabolites such as 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and 3-(2,2-dibromonyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid were formed. The data suggest a major portion of the insecticide would remain unchanged when absorbed by tobacco plants. 相似文献
72.
Summary. The effect of rearing larvae of Trichoplusia ni on
individual feeding deterrents or on binary mixtures of deterrents
on their subsequent gustatory sensitivity was measured
in paired choice leaf disc bioassays. Our working hypothesis
was that mixtures of antifeedants (pure allelochemicals)
would mitigate decreased feeding deterrent response following
prolonged exposure in this generalist herbivore. Neonate
larvae were reared on cabbage leaves treated with individual
feeding deterrents (digitoxin, thymol, toosendanin or xanthotoxin),
or with binary mixtures of these until the third instar.
Feeding deterrent responses to each antifeedant or mixture
was then determined in a leaf disc choice bioassay. All of the
mixtures produced additive deterrence when presented to
naïve larvae. Larvae reared on individual antifeedants
showed a significantly decreased feeding deterrent response
(except to digitoxin), whereas larvae reared on binary mixtures
of antifeedants did not show a decreased feeding deterrent
response to any of them. Such mixtures were synergistic
in terms of their feeding deterrence to experienced larvae.
Our experiment supports the hypothesis (Jermy 1986) that
mixtures of deterrents can prevent decreased feeding deterrent
response following prolonged exposure, and provides one
explanation for the multiplicity of chemical defenses found
in many plants. 相似文献
73.
Rai UN Gupta DK Akhtar M Pal A 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2003,24(1):9-15
The performance of Vicia faba L. in soil amended by different concentrations of fly ash has been studied. The parameters considered are seed germination, growth behaviour and nodulation frequency of the plant. Results revealed that while fly-ash amendment to the soil improved the growth performance at initial stages with application of lower concentrations, it was inhibitory at higher exposure concentrations. Although there was no difference in survival rates, but the seedling growth was reduced in comparison to control plants. Fly ash delayed the nodulation as lesser number of nodules was recorded at higher amendments. Results suggested feasibility of growing V. faba in fly ash contaminated area. 相似文献
74.
75.
We proposed and tested a moderated mediation model that jointly examines affect‐based and cognition‐based trust as the mediators and prosocial motivation as the moderator in relationships between transformational leadership and followers’ helping behavior towards coworkers. Data were collected from 348 sales and servicing employees and their supervisors in four private retail companies and five private manufacturing companies located in Southeast China. The results showed that both affect‐based trust and cognition‐based trust mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and followers’ helping behavior towards coworkers. Furthermore, moderated mediation analyses showed that affect‐based trust mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and followers’ helping behavior towards coworkers only among employees with high prosocial motivation, whereas cognition‐based trust mediated this relationship among only those with low prosocial motivation. Implications for the theory and practice of leadership are then discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
76.
Shakil Visram Ming-Che Yang Ruby Moothien Pillay Sadri Said Oskar Henriksson Mats Grahn Chaolun Allen Chen 《Marine Biology》2010,157(7):1475-1487
Studies on genetic connectivity are essential for the design of management strategies for coral reef fisheries. In this study
we used a mitochondrial DNA marker to investigate population structure of the reef-associated parrotfish, Scarus ghobban, from four countries, Kenya, Mauritius, Seychelles and Tanzania, in the western Indian Ocean. We obtained nucleotide sequences
of the mitochondrial control region for 117 individuals. Measures of haplotype diversity were relatively high. Pairwise population
differentiation (F
ST) was low, but not always non-significant. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed genetic differentiation between groups,
when the data was partitioned into two groups consisting of samples from Mauritius and Tanzania in one group, and samples
from Kenya and Seychelles in another group. Direction of gene flow was estimated using a Bayesian approach. Migration was
sometimes asymmetric or directional, coinciding with the flow of major oceanic and coastal currents in the region. Mismatch
distributions, based on the observed number of differences among haplotype pairs, produced a unimodal distribution, indicative
of recent demographic expansion. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three clades without any geographic structure, suggesting
recent migration between historically isolated lineages. We reconstructed the historical demography of S. ghobban and examined it in the context of Pleistocene climate stages and changes in relative sea level. Overall, these results showed
that populations of S. ghobban are genetically diverse and have relatively high gene flow, with some genetic structuring in the western Indian Ocean. 相似文献
77.
M H Akhtar 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》1979,14(1):53-71
The mode of reductive dechlorination of alpha-chloroacetophenones, 2,4-di-, and 2,4,5-trichloro phenacyl chlorides into respective acetophenone by soluble fraction (105,000 x g) from chicken liver homogenate has been investigated. The transformation involved the sequential participation of glutathione and a sulph-hydryl. The phenacyl chloride first reacted with glutathione to yield the phenacyl glutathione, which in turn, in the presence of a sulph-hydryl, was reduced enzymatically to produce the ketone, probably via a disulfide intermediate. 相似文献
78.
Ejaz Abid Ahmad Kafeel Khan Zafar Iqbal Akhtar Shahzad Sultana Razia Nadeem Muhammad Hussain Muhammad Iftikhar Elshikh Mohamed S. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(23):34558-34574
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Present study was conducted to check the heavy metal content in wheat treated with municipal solid waste, Although municipal solid waste was enriched... 相似文献
79.
Rahman Md. Mominur Islam Md. Rezaul Shohag Sheikh Hossain Md. Emon Shah Muddaser shuvo Shakil khan Khan Hosneara Chowdhury Md. Arifur Rahman Bulbul Israt Jahan Hossain Md. Sarowar Sultana Sharifa Ahmed Muniruddin Akhtar Muhammad Furqan Saleem Ammara Rahman Md. Habibur 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46527-46550
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - COVID-19, which is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has quickly spread over the world, posing a... 相似文献
80.
Impact of anthropogenic activities on water quality of Lidder River in Kashmir Himalayas 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The pristine waters of Kashmir Himalaya are showing signs of deterioration due to multiple reasons. This study researches the causes of deteriorating water quality in the Lidder River, one of the main tributaries of Jhelum River in Kashmir Himalaya. The land use and land cover of the Lidder catchment were generated using multi-spectral, bi-seasonal IRS LISS III (October 2005 and May 2006) satellite data to identify the extent of agriculture and horticulture lands that are the main non-point sources of pollution at the catchment scale. A total of 12 water quality parameters were analyzed over a period of 1 year. Water sampling was done at eight different sampling sites, each with a varied topography and distinct land use/land cover, along the length of Lidder River. It was observed that water quality deteriorated during the months of June–August that coincides with the peak tourist flow and maximal agricultural/horticultural activity. Total phosphorus, orthophosphate phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, and ammoniacal nitrogen showed higher concentration in the months of July and August, while the concentration of dissolved oxygen decreased in the same period, resulting in deterioration in water quality. Moreover, tourism influx in the Lidder Valley shows a drastic increase through the years, and particularly, the number of tourists visiting the valley has increased in the summer months from June to September, which is also responsible for deteriorating the water quality of Lidder River. In addition to this, the extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides in the agriculture and horticulture lands during the growing season (June–August) is also responsible for the deteriorating water quality of Lidder River. 相似文献