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排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
191.
Zhijia Miao Wei Zeng Shuying Wang Yongzhen Peng Guihua Cao Dongchen Weng Guisong Xue Qing Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(2):264-273
Temperature is an important physical factor, which strongly influences biomass and metabolic activity. In this study, the effects of temperature on the anoxic metabolism of nitrite(NO-2) to nitrous oxide(N2O) by polyphosphate accumulating organisms, and the process of the accumulation of N2O(during nitrite reduction), which acts as an electron acceptor, were investigated using 91% ± 4% Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis sludge. The results showed that N2O is accumulated when Accumulibacter first utilize nitrite instead of oxygen as the sole electron acceptor during the denitrifying phosphorus removal process. Properties such as nitrite reduction rate, phosphorus uptake rate, N2O reduction rate, and polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation rate were all influenced by temperature variation(over the range from 10 to 30°C reaching maximum values at 25°C). The reduction rate of N2O by N2O reductase was more sensitive to temperature when N2O was utilized as the sole electron acceptor instead of NO2, and the N2O reduction rates, ranging from 0.48 to 3.53 N2O-N/(hr·g VSS), increased to 1.45 to 8.60 mg N2O-N/(hr·g VSS). The kinetics processes for temperature variation of 10 to 30°C were(θ1 = 1.140–1.216 and θ2= 1.139–1.167). In the range of 10°C to 30°C, almost all of the anoxic stoichiometry was sensitive to temperature changes. In addition, a rise in N2O reduction activity leading to a decrease in N2O accumulation in long term operations at the optimal temperature(27°C calculated by the Arrhenius model). 相似文献
192.
Electrokinetic enhancement removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater sludge 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
An enhanced electrokinetic process for removal of metals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn) from an industrial wastewater sludge was performed. The electrokinetic experiments were conducted under a constant potential gradient (1.25 V cm(-1)) with processing fluids of tap water (TW), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and citric acid (CA) for 5 days. Results showed that metal removal efficiency of heavy metals for EK-TW, EK-SDS and EK-CA systems are 11.2-60.0%, 37.2-76.5%, and 43.4-78.0%, respectively. A highest metal removal performance was found in EK-CA system. The removal priority of investigated metals from sludge by EK process was found as: Cu > Pb > Ni > Fe > Zn > Cr. The results of sequential extraction analysis revealed that the binding forms of heavy metals with sludge after electrokinetic process were highly depend upon the processing fluid operated. It was found that the binding forms of metals with sludge were changed from the more difficult extraction type (residual and sulfate fractions) to easier extraction types (exchangeable, sorbed, and organic fraction) after treatment by electrokinetic process. Results imply that if a proper treatment technology is followed by this EK process to remove metals more effectively, this treated sludge will be more beneficial for sludge utilization afterwards. Before it was reused, the risk associated with metals of more mobile forms to the environment need to be further investigated. The cost analysis was also evaluated for the investigated electrokinetic systems. 相似文献
193.
Xiaoqiang Wang Yanye Zhu Yue Liu Xiaole Weng Zhongbiao Wu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(10):130
194.
利用化工污染物能抑制荧光素酶催化发光反应这一特性,对水质中6种化工化合物分别进行毒性测试,建立一种快速检测水质中化工污染物毒性的生物学方法。实验结果表明,对苯二酚、4-氨基酚、苯胺、氯仿、盐酸邻联甲苯胺和硫柳汞的EC50值分别为:5.563、10.225、20.236、38.432、8.827和0.6 mg/L,6种污染物毒性大小依次为:硫柳汞>对苯二酚>盐酸邻联甲苯胺>4-氨基酚>苯胺>氯仿,相关系数>0.95。该方法为进一步研究基于荧光素酶反应体系检测水质中化工污染物综合毒性的生物传感器方法奠定基础。 相似文献
195.
Multivariate analysis of trace element concentrations in atmospheric deposition in the Yangtze River Delta,East China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
196.
Nocturnal chemistry can play an important role in determining the initial morning conditions for daytime chemistry in urban areas. However, the impact on daytime O3 levels is difficult to assess as the suppression of vertical trace gas transport leads to highly altitude dependent nocturnal chemistry, in particular with respect to the removal and conversion of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC). One-dimensional (1-D) chemical transport model calculations for different nighttime vertical stabilities and different ozone formation regimes (i.e. NOx- vs. VOC-sensitive) were performed assuming a 1000 m high daytime boundary layer and a growing nocturnal boundary layer reaching 200 m height at the end of the night. Exclusion of NO3 chemistry from the model leads to daytime O3 concentration changes from ?4% to +16% for different O3 sensitivities. In all cases strong nocturnal vertical concentration profiles of NOx, O3, NO3 and N2O5 and a dependence of these profiles on vertical stability were found at night. The nocturnal NOx loss averaged over the lowest 1000 m changes by 9–24% for different vertical stabilities and ozone sensitivities. The impact of nocturnal vertical stability leads to 7–12% difference in O3 concentration in the morning and ~0–2.5% in the afternoon. 相似文献
197.
The ozone pollution at ground level in rural and urban areas has been a long-standing problem in the world. This paper focuses on estimating self-affined nature of nonlinearity of ground-level peak ozone time series, which is analyzed by two nonlinear fractal statistical methods, including R/S analysis and BDS test. To explore the underlying structure of ozone observations at ground level and improve the forecasting capacity in urban region, practical implementation was assessed by a case study via collecting and analyzing the monitoring data at Chaojhou and Zenwu in the Kaohsiung metropolitan region, Taiwan. Based on R/S analysis, the time series can be identified as persistent and long-memory processes with Hurst exponents of both about 0.75. In addition, the V statistics specifies possible fluctuation cycle lengths of 32, 170, and 420 day simultaneously. Such results are consistent with the regional meteorological conditions leading to help characterize the regional scale ozone behavioral trend. Furthermore, the BDS test results confirm a strong nonlinearity of both time series associated with these two cities. Yet in both cases, nonlinearity implies chaos. The R/S analysis and BDS test provide strong evidence for nonlinearity and fractality of ozone time series due to noisy chaos, and we could not rule out the possibility of deterministic chaos in tropospheric ozone system. 相似文献