中国对流层二氧化硫光化学氧化过程的数值研究

利用一个三维非静力区域大气化学输送模式与中尺度气象模式MM5相连接构成一个数值模拟系统，模拟了中国地区对流层臭氧与其前体物的分布以及二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐的过程，模式扬地面源排放、大气输送和扩散、干沉积、气相化学反应和云雨过程。结果表明：日间，O3浓度主要由NOx和NMHC的源排放和光化学反应过程支配，大气辐射是光化学反应强弱的决定因子，其强度可使SO2、O3和SO4^2-的生成浓度呈现不同的日变化和季节变化，结果表明高浓度的O3对二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐的化学过程有很大的促进作用，然而，这种作用受NMHC浓度的影响很大，较高浓度的NMHC使O3浓度上升，但同时增加了对OH等自由基的消耗，使SO2的转化率降低。     

阳离子共聚物的反相悬浮聚合

采用反相悬浮聚合方法合成颗粒状的阳离子型高分子絮凝剂。选用丙烯酰胺(Am)和氯化[N,N,N-三甲基乙醇丙烯酸酯]盐(AQ)两种单体,研究反应体系的特征及影响分子量的基本因素,诸如温度、单体浓度、引发剂浓度、分散剂浓度、水相和油相的体积比(Vw/Vo)对分子量的影响。为了选择出最佳原料比,本文对两种单体的原料比进行了研究。实验中还发现亚硫酸钠是一种优良的缩短反应诱导期、加速反应进程的试剂。     

2-chlorophenol oxidation kinetic by photo-ssisted Fenton process

IntroductionTheo chlorophenolisaverytoxicandpoorlybiodegradablepollutant,whichisusedasanintermediateinthemanufactureofhigherchlorophenolandphenolresinsandforextractingsulphurandnitrogencompoundsfromcoals.Itisalsousedinorganicsynthesis(dyesandpesticide) .Oxidationofo chlorophenolwastewaterincatalyticwetairoxidationisofpracticalinterestsinceawastewatercontainingo chlorophenolover 2 0 0ppmmaynotbetreatedeffectivelybydirectbiologicalmethods.Advancedoxidationprocesses(AOPs)havebeensuccessfullyuse…     

Promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation by activated sludge under anoxic conditions

Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation under denitrifying conditions. The seed sludge was obtained from a local coal-coking wastewater treatment facility and was acclimated in the laboratory. Indole and pyridine were supplemented to the synthetic wastewater at different ratios. The optimum ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrate (C/N) was 8.4–8.9 for both denitrification and indole and pyridine degradation. At a temperature of 28°C and pH of 7.0–7.5, the nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was in the best state. The addition of pyridine could promote NRA and the degradation of indole. When the initial concentration of indole was 150 mg/L, the concentration ratio of indole to pyridine was in the range of 1–10. Under optimum C/N conditions, the degradation of indole could be described with pseudo-zero-order kinetics. There was no accumulation of nitrite during the reaction. When the concentration ratio of pyridine to indole was less than 0.25 with an increase in the pyridine proportion, there were more significant augment rates for NRA and the degradation of indole than the situation when the concentration ratio was more than 0.25. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(2): 300–304 [译自: 环境科学]     

东太湖渔业发展对水环境的影响及其生态对策

东太湖网围养殖始于1984．至今养殖面积达3200hm^2。占东太湖面积的24％以上。网围养殖的盲目发展带来了湖泊的水质污染．沼泽化等环境问题。为保护东太湖水域环境。必须明确湖泊功能定位。减少湖泊污染源。并在此基础上进行人工调控．合理放养。完善湖泊生态系统结构。针对东太湖水生植被退化的趋势。应恢复和加强对优质水生植被的保护。促进湖泊生物多样性。恢复其良性生态。     

斯德哥尔摩,人类环保之船从这里启航

1969年。经由瑞典政府提议．联合国大会决定1972年在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩召开联合国人类环境会议。这是联合国历史上首次以环保为主题的会议．是人类环境意识觉醒的标志．在人类社会发展史上具有里程碑式的意义。1972年6月5日，会议在斯德哥尔摩隆重开幕。133个国家的1300多名代表出席了这次会议。会议通过了《联合国人类环境会议宣言》和《行动计划》。宣告了人类环境新观念的诞生，达成了“只有一个地球”．人类与环境是不可分割的“共同体”的共识。1972年6月5日。全球环境保护的航船从斯德哥尔摩启航。33年过去了，让我们重回斯德哥尔摩，去寻找历史的轨迹．去了解这座环保之都的未来航向。[编者按]     

BOD5测定方法的研究

通过对比实验，对BOD5的测定方法进行研究，探索用氧电极法测定BOD5的可能性和可行性，对其不足之处提出相应的解决措施，使之能更适用于科研、监测教学等方面的需要。     

政府激励企业环境技术创新的初步研究

环境技术创新是实施可持续发展战略的有效个介手段。政府激励企业ＥＳＴｓ的手段有开展环保教育，制订宏观经济管理政策，调整经济体制和结构，加强经济手段和实施环境法。政府激企业ＥＳＴｓ应兼顾多重目标、以及通过完善市场机制来节约激励成本。     

A regional environmental management information system for Chinese EPA—the system analysis and design

REMIS is one of key research projects sponsored by the central government. It is recommended to regional EPAs as a main tool of the environmental management. REMIS simulates the functions of the regional EPAs and aimed to improve their management level. The national environmental management information system will base on REMIS.Functional analysis is the kernel of the REMIS system analysis. Data and data flow analysis are used to support the functional analysis.Investigations on the functions of the local EPAs of eight provinces and 12 cities have been taken. The functions were carefully sorted. Modular design method was used in system analysis and system design.The system analysis included functional analysis, data analysis and data flow analysis. The system design is based on the system analysis. HIPO diagram of each modular, data base structure, menu design, selection of hardware and software environment were the main items of the system design.     

PHBV表面疏水改性用作吸油材料的研究

利用多种表面改性剂对生物可降解材料PHBV进行了表面改性实验研究，测定了不同改性剂改性后PHBV的吸油率以及温度对其吸油效果的影响，并探讨了改性机理，研究结果表明：不同改性剂对PHBV的改性效果有所差异，从疏水和吸油的共同效果来看，最佳疏水改性剂为添加量5％时的硅油，温度对未改性PHBV和改性PHBV的吸油率及吸油速度均有影响。