Effects of exogenous vitamin B12 on nutrient removal and protein expression of algal-bacterial consortium

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chlorella vulgaris and Bacillus licheniformis consortium was added to synthetic wastewater with exogenous vitamin B12. In the presence of...     

不同pH值和O2条件下硝酸改性生物炭去除六价铬机理

为改善生物炭对Cr（VI）的去除性能并探究溶液初始pH值和O₂对生物炭的氧化还原活性物质（RAMs,即含氧官能团和环境持久性自由基 （EPFRs））还原Cr（VI）的影响,用硝酸（HNO₃）改性玉米秸秆生物炭（NBC）,采用电子扫描显微镜-能谱仪（SEM-EDX）、比表面积及孔隙测定仪（BET）、Zeta电位仪和红外光谱仪（FTIR）分析生物炭性质,通过X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、Boehm滴定和电子顺磁共振波谱仪（EPR）测定生物炭RAMs含量变化.结果表明,HNO₃改性增加了生物炭的比表面积、总孔体积、含氧官能团和表面电位,从而能更有效地去除Cr（VI）（在pH 2.0时去除率达到100%,其表面吸附的铬89.12%被还原为Cr（III））.动力学实验表明,NBC可以直接还原Cr（VI）,也可以通过还原O₂产生的?O₂^-间接还原Cr（VI）;直接还原途径占主导地位,间接还原途径对Cr（VI）的还原贡献率随着pH值的升高而增加.此外,酸性条件下含氧官能团（—OH和C—O—C）是还原反应的主要电子供体,而中性条件下EPFRs主导还原.因此,HNO₃改性提高了生物炭对Cr（VI）的去除能力,NBC可以通过直接途径和间接途径还原Cr（VI）,并且在不同pH值下通过不同电子供体主导NBC还原Cr（VI）的过程.     

油气集输泵站安全警示标志的设置

通过对集输泵站警示标志的设置及管理的现状调查,结合标准要求和实际情况,提出了新的集输泵站安全警示标志的设置建议.     

Loss coefficient of nitrogenous non-point source pollution under various precipitation conditions

In this study, calibrations of non-point source (NPS) pollution models are performed based on Black River basin historical real-time runoff data, sedimentation record data, and NPS sources survey information. The concept of NPS loss coefficient for the watershed or the loss coefficients (LC) for simplicity is brought up by examining NPS build-up and migration processes along riverbanks in natural river systems. The historical data is used for determining the nitrogenous NPS loss coefficient for five land use types including farmland, urban land, grassland, shrub land, and forest under different precipitation conditions. The comparison of outputs from Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and coefficient export method showed that both methods could obtain reasonable LC. The high Pearson correlation coefficient (0.94722) between those two sets of calculation results justified the consistency of those two models. Another result in the study is that different combinations of precipitation condition and land use types could significantly affect the calculated loss coefficient. As for the adsorptive nitrogen, the order of impact on LC for different land use types can be sorted as: farm land > urban land > grassland > shrub land > forest while the order was farmland > grass land > shrub land > forest s>urban land for soluble nitrogen. __________ Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26(3): 392–397 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

Water quality induced corrosion of stainless steel valves during long-term service in a reverse osmosis system

The current study analyzes the contribution of 10 water quality parameters (including pH, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, total organic carbon (TOC), alkalinity, calcium ions, chlorides and sulfates) to corrosion extent of stainless steel valves taken from different locations in a reverse osmosis system of a reclaimed water plant. The valves were in service for 5 years. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses are conducted to quantify corrosion products on different valves under various water quality conditions. On that basis, bivariate and multivariate regression analyses between the 10 water quality parameters and the corrosion extent of valve specimens (represented by metal loss percentage (MLP) values) are carried out to check the contribution of those water quality parameters to MLP. The results indicate that the proportions of metal oxides as corrosion products vary according to the corrosion extent of the valves. Although no linear correlation is found, all 10 water quality parameters except for pH show a significant positive correlation with the MLP values of the valve specimens. Moreover, results of multivariate regression suggest that the variation of MLP can be explained by turbidity, TDS, TOC and sulfates. A positive contribution of turbidity, TDS and TOC to MLP is observed, whereas the contribution of sulfates is negative. The results from the current work help to identify the reasons for water quality-induced failure of stainless steel equipment in RO systems.     

Denitrification characteristics of a marine origin psychrophilic aerobic denitrifying bacterium

A psychrophilic aerobic-denitrifying bacterium was isolated, identified as Psychrobacter sp., and characterized, it performed efficient aerobic-denitrification at low temperature and might be useful in nitrogen removal treatment for low temperature wastewater.     

Impact of environmental concentrations of beta-cypermethrin on the antioxidant system in the brain and liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Beta-cypermethrin (beta-CYP) is a widely used pyrethroid pesticide, the extensive application of which may potentially cause damage to non-target organisms. To investigate the effect of beta-CYP on the antioxidant system of aquatic animals, adult zebrafish were exposed to environmentally relevant dosages (0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 μg/L) of beta-CYP. The activities of four antioxidant enzymes in zebrafish liver and brain tissue were tested after 7, 15 and 30 days of exposure. Our results showed that exposure of beta-CYP could induce different levels of increase in hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities at 7 and 15 days post exposure (dpe), but caused apparent inhibition of hepatic SOD, GR and GPx activities at 30 dpe. Unlike in liver tissue, SOD and CAT activities in zebrafish brain did not show any apparent response to beta-CYP during the whole treatment period. In addition, increased brain GPx activities were observed at 7 and 30 dpe.     

Loss coefficient of nitrogenous non-point source pollution under various precipitation conditions

In this study, calibrations of non-point source (NPS) pollution models are performed based on Black River basin historical real-time runoff data, sedimentation record data, and NPS sources survey information. The concept of NPS loss coefficient for the watershed or the loss coefficients (LC) for simplicity is brought up by examining NPS build-up and migration processes along riverbanks in natural river systems. The historical data is used for determining the nitrogenous NPS loss coefficient for five land use types including farmland, urban land, grassland, shrub land, and forest under different precipitation conditions. The comparison of outputs from Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and coefficient export method showed that both methods could obtain reasonable LC. The high Pearson correlation coefficient (0.94722) between those two sets of calculation results justified the consistency of those two models. Another result in the study is that different combinations of precipitation condition and land use types could significantly affect the calculated loss coefficient. As for the adsorptive nitrogen, the order of impact on LC for different land use types can be sorted as: farm land > urban land > grassland > shrub land > forest while the order was farmland > grass land > shrub land > forest s>urban land for soluble nitrogen.     

长春市地震速测速报中心传输方式改造的方法

本文总结几年来在地震数据传输方面的工作经验,考虑目前地震遥测数据几种传输方式的优缺点,为采用网络传输进行九五设备升级提供些许借鉴。     

顺序进样流动注射光度法测定水中氨氮

将顺序进样与流动注射分光光度法相结合,研发了氨氮自动在线检测仪,用于测定水中氨氮质量浓度.实验结果表明:当进样量为0.39 mL、显色剂体积为0.33 mL、停留时间为5 min、载流液流量为2.0 mL/min时,氨氮质量浓度p与吸光度A在氨氮质量浓度为0～ 15.00 mg/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系,标准工作曲线方程为A=0.01929+ 0.2362,相关系数为0.9993(n=11);检出限为0.020 mg/L;相对标准偏差为0.50％～2.38％;实际水样的加标回收率为94.5％～106.0％.