钯离子液相催化氧化低浓度磷化氢

采用Pd^2＋液相催化氧化低浓度PH3，考察了Pd^2＋浓度、O2体积分数、PH3质量浓度、混合气流量、反应温度等因素对Pd^2＋吸收液去除低浓度PH3效果的影响。实验结果表明，采用10mL Pd^2＋浓度为0．112mol／L的水溶液作为吸收液净化含低浓度PH3的混合气，在反应温度22℃、O2体积分数5％、PH3质量浓度850mg／m^3、混合气流量190mL／min的条件下，印min之内PH3去除率保持在90％以上。Pd^2＋浓度越高、O2体积分数越大、反应温度越高，PH3去除率越高；混合气流量越大，PH3去除率越低；反应温度越低、O2体积分数越大，PH3去除率的下降速率越小。     

美国矿山安全健康管理与标准体系特征

基于美国矿山安全健康监管机构框架,阐述立法机构、政府监管机构、行政复议机构和非政府组织之间的关系及各自在矿山安全健康监管中的使命、职责;从标准层次和标准制定管理机制等两个方面,概括美国矿山安全健康标准体系框架,分析矿山安全健康监管体系和标准体系的特点.目的是为促进我国矿山安全健康管理与标准体系建设和发展提供有益的经验借鉴和启示.     

宝应县建设有机食品产业的对策研究

以宝应县有机产业发展为主要研究对象，通过对宝应县的自然资源条件、经济发展基础以及技术、政策等因素的分析，阐述了宝应县发展有机产业的优势和劣势，并就如何开展有机产业的创建工作，提出了相应的行政、法制、经济、技术保障等方面的措施。     

改性废聚苯乙烯泡沫处理焦化废水的研究

以废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料为原料,在一定的条件下,合成水溶性高分子聚合物聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(NaPSS).对焦化工业废水进行的混凝沉降,实验表明具有较强的助凝作用,使污染物大量集结于NaPSS分子链周围而形成新的聚集体,这些聚集体在硫酸亚铁的作用下会进行一步发生凝聚.以NaPSS产品对焦化废水进行絮凝净化实验,取得良好效果.     

农村生活污水治理措施

介绍了适合于国内农村生活污水治理的一些技术与措施。沼气技术是当前处理农村生活污水的较佳选择。     

The effects of mobile speed camera introduction on road traffic crashes and casualties in a rural county of England

PROBLEM: This study assesses the impact of crash and casualty numbers in correspondence to the introduction of mobile speed cameras in the rural county of Norfolk, England. METHOD: Road traffic accident casualty and crash data were collected for two years before the introduction of cameras and two years subsequently. The casualties and crashes occurring at 29 camera sites were identified and separated from those occurring in the rest of the county. Trends in crashes and casualties, and their severity, were examined graphically and comparisons were made between before and after periods. The regression to the mean effect at individual sites was estimated. RESULTS: After the introduction of cameras, overall crashes declined by 1% and crashes involving fatalities or serious injuries declined by 9% on the roads without cameras. At the camera sites, crashes decreased by 19% and fatal and serious crashes by 44%. The reduction in total crashes was significantly greater than that expected from the effect of regression to the mean in 12 out of 20 sites tested. SUMMARY: The introduction of cameras appears to have resulted in real and measurable reductions in crash risk in this rural county. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: Our results suggest the deployment of mobile speed cameras is an effective tool for organizations wishing to reduce road traffic casualties in areas where high crash rates have been associated with excessive vehicle speeds.     

扎实开展节能减排 切实提高环境品质

杭州市2007年7月因城镇环境保护成绩显著,荣获"第四届中华宝钢环境(城镇管理)奖"。面对新的环保形势和任务,杭州在荣誉面前不停步,最近又出台了加强污染减排工作实施意见,把落实     

玄武湖的轮虫群落结构研究

对玄武湖的四个水域进行了轮虫群落结构的调查研究，发现对玄武湖的轮虫群落结构影响比较大的因素有不同的水域和叶绿素，其中叶绿素和轮虫的多样性指数呈正相关，而和透明度呈负相关；运用螺形龟甲轮虫进行水质评价的结果，与化学指标评价一致。     

Sorption of the veterinary antimicrobials sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim in soil

Currently, limited research on the fate of antimicrobials in the environment exists, once they are discharged in human and animal wastes. Sorption of two antimicrobials, sulfadimethoxine (SDM) and ormetoprim (OMP), was investigated in two soils and sand using a series of batch experiments. Because OMP and SDM are often administered in combination, their sorption was also investigated in combination as co-solutes. The rate of SDM and OMP sorption was rapid over the first few hours of the experiments, which then slowed considerably after 16 to 68 h. OMP sorption was enhanced at high concentrations when in combination with SDM, with linear sorption coefficients ranging from 1.3 to 58.3 L.kg(-1) in the single solute experiments and 4.96 to 89.7 L.kg(-1) in the co-solute experiments. Sorption of OMP as a single solute seems to provide a better fit with the Freundlich equation, which became more linear (n approached 1) when SDM was present. Overall, SDM sorbed less than OMP in the two soils and sand. SDM linear sorption coefficients ranged from 0.4 to 25.8 L.kg(-1) as a single solute and 2.5 to 22.1 L.kg(-1) as a co-solute. Sorption of SDM becomes more nonlinear (n < 1) when SDM is present in combination with OMP. Overall, sorption of both antimicrobials increased in the selected soils and sand as the organic matter, clay content, and cation exchange capacity increased. These experiments indicate relatively low sorption of SDM and OMP in natural soils, making them a potential threat to surface and ground water.     

固定化混合菌修复油污染地表水的研究

从辽河油田受石油污染的河床底泥中筛选出一株芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)和一株黄杆菌(Flavobacterium sp.)，采用二次交联化学方法对2株细菌单独及混合固定，分别进行了不同接种量的固定化细菌对油的降解，以及固定化混合菌对环境的耐受性和在自然地表水中对油的降解进行研究，结果表明，在相同时间内固定化混合菌对油的降解效果明显优于固定化单株菌，而且都优于游离菌。固定化混合菌pH在6～10、温度在20～40℃范围内能保持较好的活性。在120 h时，固定化混合菌对自然地表水中油的降解率达94.5%,对地表水中COD的去除率达89.6%。扫描电子显微镜分析显示，固定化载体的微观结构适合细菌的生长，固定化混合菌在载体内部形成高密度的菌群。以上的研究为固定化微生物应用于油污染地表水的生物修复提供了一定的理论基础。