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81.
Urooj Kanwal Shafaqat Ali Muhammad Bilal Shakoor Mujahid Farid Sabir Hussain Tahira Yasmeen Muhammad Adrees Saima Aslam Bharwana Farhat Abbas 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(16):9899-9910
Brassica species are very effective in remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites. Lead (Pb) as a toxic pollutant causes number of morphological and biochemical variations in the plants. Synthetic chelator such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) improves the capability of plants to uptake heavy metals from polluted soil. In this regard, the role of EDTA in phytoextraction of lead, the seedlings of Brassica napus L. were grown hydroponically. Lead levels (50 and 100 μM) were supplied alone or together with 2.5 mM EDTA in the nutrient culture. After 7 weeks of stress, plants indicated that toxicity of Pb caused negative effects on plants and significantly reduced growth, biomass, chlorophyll content, gas exchange characteristics, and antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT). Exposure to Pb induced the malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation in both shoots and roots. The addition of EDTA alone or in combination with Pb significantly improved the plant growth, biomass, gas exchange characteristics, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzymes activities. EDTA also caused substantial improvement in Pb accumulation in Brassica plants. It can be deduced that application of EDTA significantly lessened the adverse effects of lead toxicity. Additionally, B. napus L. exhibited greater degree of tolerance against Pb toxicity and it also accumulated significant concentration of Pb from media. 相似文献
82.
A Conflict-Resolution Model for the Conjunctive Use of Surface and Groundwater Resources that Considers Water-Quality Issues: A Case Study 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources is one alternative for optimal use of available water resources in
arid and semiarid regions. The optimization models proposed for conjunctive water allocation are often complicated, nonlinear,
and computationally intensive, especially when different stakeholders are involved that have conflicting interests. In this
article, a new conflict-resolution methodology developed for the conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources using
Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and Young Conflict-Resolution Theory (YCRT) is presented. The proposed
model is applied to the Tehran aquifer in the Tehran metropolitan area of Iran. Stakeholders in the study area have conflicting
interests related to water supply with acceptable quality, pumping costs, groundwater quality, and groundwater table fluctuations.
In the proposed methodology, MODFLOW and MT3D groundwater quantity and quality simulation models are linked with the NSGA-II
optimization model to develop Pareto fronts among the objectives. The best solutions on the Pareto fronts are then selected
using YCRT. The results of the proposed model show the significance of applying an integrated conflict-resolution approach
to conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources in the study area. 相似文献
83.
Aitazaz A. Farooque Qamar U. Zaman Ali Madani Farhat Abbas David C. Percival Travis J. Esau 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):366-379
Land application of biosolids from processed sewage sludge may deteriorate soil, water, and plants. We investigated the impact of the N-Viro biosolids land-application on the quality of the soil water that moved through Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzols soil of Nova Scotia (NS) at the Wild Blueberry Research Institute, Debert, NS Canada. In addition, the response of major soilproperties and crop yield was also studied. Wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium. Ait) was grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions in 2008 and 2009. Four experimental treatments including (i) NI: N-Viro irrigated, (ii) NR: N-Viro rainfed, (iii) FI: inorganic fertilizer irrigated, and (iv) FR: inorganic fertilizer rainfed (control) were replicated 4 times under randomized complete block design. Soil samples were collected at the end of each year and analyzed for changes in cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic matter (SOM), and pH.Soil water samples were collected four times during the study period from the suction cup lysimeters installed within and below crop root zone at 20 and 40 cm depths, respectively. The samples were analyzed for a range of water quality parameters including conductance, hardness, pH, macro- and micronutrients, and the infectious pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli) and salmonella. Berries were harvested for fruit yield estimates. Irrigation significantly increased CEC during 2008 and the soil pH decreased from 4.93 (2008) to 4.79 (2009). There were significant influences of irrigation, fertilizer, and their interaction, in some cases, on most of the soil water quality parameters except on the infectious bacteria. No presence of E. coli or salmonella were observed in soil and water samples, reflecting the absence of these bacteria in biosolids used in this experiment. Nutrient concentration in the soil water samples collected from the four treatments were higher in the sequence NI > NR > FI > FR. The irrigation treatment had significant effect on the unripe fruit yield. We conclude that the comparable performance of N-Viro biosolids and the increasing prices of inorganic fertilizers would compel farmers to use economically available N-Viro biosolids that, coupled with the supplemental irrigation, did not deteriorate the studied soil properties, soil water quality, and the wild blueberry yield during this experiment. 相似文献
84.
Hatam Godini Abbas Rezaee Ali Khavanin Afshin Nili Ahmadabadi Sayedomid Rastegar Hooshyar Hossini 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(1):283-287
The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a microbial biopolymer produced by Acetobacter xylinum as a carbon source for heterotrophic biological denitrification. The denitrification rate, COD availability and nitrite concentration
were response parameters. Under the experimental conditions, a denitrification rate of about 0.74 kg NO3
−N/m3d at 6 h retention time was achieved with microbial cellulose (MC). The reactor effluent contained significantly COD concentrations
(20–86 mg/L) so it was not carbon limited, and was receiving enough carbon to facilitate the denitrification process. The
maximum nitrite concentration in the effluent was found to be 0.4 mg/L. However, decreasing the retention time to 3 h significantly
reduced the efficiency. It can be concluded that the MC is a suitable carbon source for nitrate removal in a heterotrophic
biological denitrification process. 相似文献
85.
Statistical analysis of heavy metal concentrations in sediment was studied to understand the interrelationship between different parameters and also to identify probable source component in order to explain the pollution status of selected estuaries. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Pb, Cr, Hg and Mn) were analyzed in sediments from Juru and Jejawi Estuaries in Malaysia with ten sampling points of each estuary. The results of multivariate statistical techniques showed that the two regions have different characteristics in terms of heavy metals selected and indicates that each region receives pollution from different sources. The results also showed that Fe, Mn, Cd, Hg, and Cu are responsible for large spatial variations explaining 51.15% of the total variance, whilst Zn and Pb explain only 18.93 of the total variance. This study illustrates the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques for evaluation and interpretation of large complex data sets to get better information about the heavy metal concentrations and design of monitoring network. 相似文献
86.
Athab Zahraa H. Halbus Ahmed F. Abbas Ahmed S. Salman Jasim M. Atiyah Abbas J. 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(9):3815-3831
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, we have developed a simple technique to prepare cationic chitosan hydrogel with interconnected porous structure using freeze–thaw... 相似文献
87.
Sakaa Bachir Elbeltagi Ahmed Boudibi Samir Chaffaï Hicham Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Kulimushi Luc Cimusa Choudhari Pandurang Hani Azzedine Brouziyne Youssef Wong Yong Jie 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(32):48491-48508
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The water quality index is one of the prominent general indicators to assess and classify surface water quality, which plays a critical role in river... 相似文献
88.
Jalal Khurshid Khan Kanwal Basharat Zarrin Abbas Muhammad Naseer Uddin Reaz Ali Fawad Khan Saeed Ahmad Hassan Syed Shams ul 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(40):60035-60053
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak, initially identified in Wuhan, China, has impacted people all over the globe and new variants of concern continue to... 相似文献
89.
Abbas Yasir Abdullah Mehmood Waqas Manhal Aliessa Mohammed H. Aman-Ullah Attia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(46):69527-69539
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper aims to determine the level of sustainability reporting (SR) among Malaysian initial public offering (IPO) companies. Due to a lack of... 相似文献
90.
Release of salts from municipal solid waste combustion residues 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Residues from fluidized bed combustion of municipal solid waste were investigated with respect to their leaching behavior and possible extraction of salts. The total water extractable amounts of Na, K, Ca, Cl(-), Br(-), F(-) and SO(4)(2-) along with the total dissolved solids of bottom, hopper, cyclone and bag house filter ashes were determined. A simple multistage washing process (using water as the extraction medium) was tested in lab scale experiments. The effect of variations in parameters, such as water to ash weight ratio, contact time, temperature and number of extraction steps was investigated. The leaching behavior of untreated and washed cyclone and bag house filter ashes was evaluated by a two-step batch-leaching test, i.e. the CEN test. The ashes investigated in this study can be arranged according to their decreasing water extractable contents and total dissolved solids as follows: filter ash > cyclone ash > hopper ash > bottom ash. A triple extraction with water at liquid to solid ratio 2 and extraction time 5 min gave the best results for the extraction of Ca, Na, K, Cl(-) and SO(4)(2-) from the cyclone as well as from the filter ashes. The leached amounts of salts in the CEN test performed on the washed cyclone ash were considerably lower than the corresponding amounts released from the unwashed ash. Thus, the washed cyclone ash was made more stable with respect to salt leachability. On the other hand, large amounts of salts were leached from the washed filter ashes as well as from unwashed filter ashes. Therefore, it can be concluded that three stage water extraction is not a suitable stabilization method for this type of filter ashes. 相似文献