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21.
Boisseaux Paul Noury Patrice Delorme Nicolas Perrier Lucile Thomas-Guyon Helene Garric Jeanne 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16720-16728
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Wastewater treatment plant effluents from urban area are a well-known source of chronic multiple micropollution to the downstream living organisms. In... 相似文献
22.
Rognvald Boyd Sarah-Jane Barnes Patrice De Caritat Victor A. Chekushin Victor A. Melezhik Clemens Reimann Michael L. Zientek 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(7):1474-1480
Published estimates for base metal emissions from the copper–nickel industry on the Kola Peninsula are re-examined in the light of (a) chemical data on the composition of the ores; (b) official emission figures for 1994; and (c) modelled emissions based on dry and wet deposition estimates derived from data for snow and rain samples collected in 1994. The modelled emissions, official emission figures and chemical data are mutually compatible for Ni, Cu and Co and show that previously published figures underestimated the emissions of the major elements, Ni and Cu (though within the same order of magnitude) and overestimated the emissions of As, Pb, Sb and Zn by up to several orders of magnitude, in some cases exceeding the calculated total input to the plants. Published estimates have neglected information on the nature and chemistry of the ores processed in metallurgical industries in the Noril'sk area of Siberia and the Urals. Revised emission estimates for 1994, using knowledge of the chemistry of the ores, are proposed: taken with published information on total emissions up to 2000 these data give an indication of emission levels in more recent years. 相似文献
23.
Clara Coscollà Patrice Colin Abderrazak Yahyaoui Olivier Petrique Vicent Yusà Abdelwahid Mellouki Agustin Pastor 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(32):3915-3925
Ambient air samples were collected, from 2006 to 2008 at three rural and two urban sites in Centre Region (France) and analyzed for 56 currently used pesticides (CUPs), of which 41 were detected. The four CUPs most frequently detected were the herbicides trifluralin, acetochlor and pendimethalin and the fungicide chlorothalonil, which were found with frequencies ranging between 52 and 78%, and with average concentrations of 1.93, 1.32, 1.84 and 12.15 ng m?3, respectively. Among the detected pesticides, concentrations of eight fungicides (spiroxamine, fenpropimorph, cyprodinil, tolyfluanid, epoxiconazole, vinchlozolin, fluazinam, fludioxinil), two insecticides (propargite, ethoprophos), and one herbicide (oxyfluorfen) are, to our knowledge, reported for the first time in the literature.The majority of the CUPs showed a seasonal trend, with most of the detections and the highest concentrations occurring during the spring and early summer. The most important pesticides detected were related to arable crops and fruit orchards, the main cultures in this region, highlighting the fact that the main sources come from local applications. Minor differences were found in the profiles of pesticides within rural areas and between rural and urban areas. 相似文献
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This comment highlights a whole series of datasets on thallium concentrations in the environment that were overlooked in the recent review by Karbowska, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 188, 640, 2016 in this journal. Geochemical surveys carried out over the last few decades all over the world at various scales and using different sampling media have reported the concentration of thallium (and dozens more elements) in tens of thousands of samples. These datasets provide a ‘real-world’ foundation upon which source apportionment investigations can be based, monitoring programs devised and modelling studies designed. Furthermore, this comment also draws attention to two global geochemical mapping initiatives that should be of interest to environmental scientists. 相似文献
26.
Patrice Lucchetta Emmanuel Desouhant Eric Wajnberg Carlos Bernstein 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2007,61(9):1409-1418
The reproductive success of insect parasitoids depends on two activities, searching for hosts to obtain immediate fitness
rewards (offspring) and searching for food to extend life span and enhance future reproductive opportunities. Models suggest
that to deal with this trade-off and to cope with the variability of the resources they depend on, parasitoids should simultaneously
integrate information originating from three distinct sources: host and food availabilities in the environment (environmental
information) and the metabolic reserves of the parasitoid (internal information). We tested whether, in the parasitic wasp
Venturia canescens, these three types of information are perceived simultaneously and interact during host-patch exploitation. Experiments were
performed with strains originating from two different geographical locations and with individuals of the two reproductive
modes, arrhenotoky and thelytoky. We hypothesised that there would be differences between modes of reproduction as they thrive
in different ecological conditions. Our results show that metabolic state, food availability and the number of ovipositions
performed simultaneously modulate patch residence time in V. canescens of both populations and reproductive modes. Unfed wasps left their host patch earlier than fed ones. The tendency to leave
the patch increased with an increasing probability of finding food. Our study confirms that globally, each oviposition increases
the patch-leaving tendency (decremental mechanism). This effect was modulated by both the metabolic reserves and food availability,
and the relationship depended on the geographic origin of populations. Individuals of one of the populations switched from
a decremental to an incremental patch-leaving mechanism depending on the presence or absence of food in the vicinity. Differences
between reproductive modes in the responses to environmental cues can be explained by the different ecological conditions
they live in. 相似文献
27.
Sandra Kim Tiam Xavier Libert Soizic Morin Patrice Gonzalez Agnès Feurtet-Mazel Nicolas Mazzella 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(6):3931-3939
The Morcille River located in the Beaujolais vineyard area (Eastern France) is subjected to strong vine-growing pressure leading to the contamination by a range of herbicides and fungicides of the surrounding freshwater environment. Particularly high concentrations of norflurazon, desmethyl norflurazon and tebuconazole were recorded in spring 2010 at the downstream site of the river. Despite their occurrence in rivers, scarce toxicity data are available for these products, in particular in the case of desmethyl norflurazon (main norflurazon degradation product). Furthermore, the toxicity data are generally available only for single compounds and are issued from single species toxicity tests, leading to a lack of ecological relevance. Consequently, this study was undertaken to evaluate the toxic effects of norflurazon, desmethyl norflurazon and tebuconazole singly and in a ternary mixture on fluvial biofilm. Toxicity tests were performed in microplates for 48 h. Photosynthetic endpoints were measured using pulse amplitude-modulated fluorometry; diatom densities and taxonomic composition were determined. After 48 h of exposure, significant effects on optimal quantum yield (F v/F m) for desmethyl norflurazon and mixture were observed. 相似文献
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Gagnon C Gagné F Turcotte P Saulnier I Blaise C Salazar MH Salazar SM 《Chemosphere》2006,62(6):998-1010
The biological availability of metals in municipal wastewater effluents is strongly influenced by the physical and chemical conditions of both the effluent and the receiving water. Aquatic organisms are exposed to both dissolved and particulate (food ingestion) forms of these metals. In the present study, the distribution of metals in specific tissues was used to distinguish between exposure routes (i.e. dissolved vs. particulate phase) and to examine metal bioavailability in mussels exposed to municipal effluents. Caged Elliptio complanata mussels were deployed at sites located between 1.5 km upstream and 12 km downstream of a major effluent outfall in the St. Lawrence River. Metals in surface water samples were fractionated by filtration techniques to determine their dissolved, truly-dissolved (<10 kDa), total-particulate and acid-reactive-particulate forms. At the end of the exposure period (90 days), pooled mussel soft tissues (digestive gland, gills, gonad, foot and mantle) were analyzed for several metals. The results showed that gills and digestive gland were generally the most important target tissues for metal bioaccumulation, while gill/digestive gland metal ratios suggest that both exposure routes should be considered for mussels exposed to municipal effluents. We also found that Ag and Cd in the dispersion plume nearest the outfall, in contrast to other metals such as Cu and Zn, are more closely associated with colloids and were generally less bioavailable than at the reference site in the St. Lawrence River. 相似文献