Ionic and heavy metal composition of respirable particulate in Madurai, India

Airborne particulate matter (PM₁₀) was collected for a period of 1 year at six locations in Madurai city, India. The chemical analyses on PM₁₀ samples were carried out for the estimation of heavy metals and ions using atomic absorption spectroscopy and ion chromatography respectively. The average PM₁₀ concentrations varied from 97.2 to 152.5 μg/m³, which were found to be below the Indian air quality standards. While industrial areas had the highest concentrations of heavy metals such as Fe, Zn and Cr and also the $\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}$ ions, traffic areas with relatively higher traffic densities in the city endured highest concentrations of Cd and the $\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$ ion. As gaseous pollutants serve as precursors of ionic particles in the atmospheric environment, gaseous pollution control is necessitated along with particulate with special reference to heavy metal and ion pollution abatement for the sustainable development of Madurai city.     

Enhanced Functional Properties of Biodegradable Polyvinyl Alcohol/Carboxymethyl Cellulose (PVA/CMC) Composite Films Reinforced with l-alanine Surface Modified CuO Nanorods

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Herein, we described novel biogenic preparation of the CuO nanorods and its surface modification with l-alanine amino acid accelerated by microwave...     

ESTIMATING PARAMETERS OF EV1 DISTRIBUTION FOR FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS1

ABSTRACT: The parameters of the extreme value type 1 distribution were estimated for 55 annual flood data sets by seven methods. These are the methods of (1) moments, (2) probability weighted moments, (3) mixed moments, (4) maximum likelihood estimation, (5) incomplete means, (6) principle of maximum entropy, and (7) least squares. The method of maximum likelihood estimation was found to be the best and the method of incomplete means the worst. The differences between the methods of principle of maximum entropy, probability weighted moments, moments, and least squares were only minor. The difference between these methods and the method of maximum likelihood was not pronounced.     

Mathematical Modeling of Leachates from Ash Ponds of Thermal Power Plants

The present study describes the development of empirical models for the prediction of various trace metals i.e., Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn and Pb found in the leachates generated from the ash ponds of various thermal power plants. The dispersion phenomenon of these trace metals followed first order reaction rate kinetics. The empirical models for individual trace metals derived from the lab scale models data correlate well with the real field data with regression coefficients varying from 0.93 to 0.98. The predicted concentrations of the trace metals varied within ±3% of the observed values in the leachates generated from the ash ponds of four thermal power plants with standard deviation varying from 0.001 to 0.032. The empirical models derived from the study can be applied for prediction of trace metals in leachates generated from similar thermal power plants.     

A critical and intensive review on assessment of water quality parameters through geospatial techniques

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Evaluation of water quality is a priority work nowadays. In order to monitor and map, the water quality for a wide range on different scales (spatial,...     

Hydrodynamic Simulation of River Yamuna for Riverbed Assessment: A Case Study of Delhi Region

A well known river hydrodynamic model RiverCAD has been used to simulate and visualize flood scenarios for different designated flood flows under complex riverbed geometry with several man made structures like bridges and barrages. The model applied successfully for the stretch of 23 km in the Yamuna floodplain of Delhi region from Wazirabad barrage in the upstream to Okhla barrage. Flood flows for various return periods namely once in 10, 25, 50 and 100 years were estimated based on recorded flow data for the period of 1963 to 2003 using standard flood frequency analysis techniques. The simulation results were compared and the model was calibrated with water surface elevation records of the previous floods at various barrage and bridge locations. Simulation results enabled prediction of maximum water levels, submergence scenarios and land availability under different designated flood flows for riverbed assessment, development and management.     

Nutrient concentrations affect the antimicrobial resistance profiles of cattle manures

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in cattle is widespread because of the increased use of antibiotics to combat microbial diseases and enhance milk...     

Zeolitic bagasse fly ash as a low-cost sorbent for the sequestration of <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">p</Emphasis>-nitrophenol: equilibrium,kinetics, and column studies

Purpose  

The purpose of the research is to investigate the application of bagasse fly ash, a sugar industry solid waste for the synthesis of zeolites and their behavior for the sorption of p-nitrophenol (p-NP).     

A Stage-Structured Pest-Natural Enemy Dynamics with Holling Type-II Interaction and Maturation Delay for Pest Species

In this paper, a pest-natural enemy dynamics with maturation delay for pest species is proposed. Here, pest is categorized into two stages, namely immature and mature and the natural enemy only harvest mature pest population with Holling type-II interaction. The boundedness and positivity of the solution of the system are presented. The asymptotic behavior of the system is studied and analyzed for all feasible equilibrium points. Sensitivity analysis of the system at interior equilibrium point for the system parameters is performed, and respective sensitive indices of the variables are identified. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to support our analytic results.