Construction and demolition (C&D) waste is becoming a major contributor to environmental pollution. In Shanghai, China, the quantity of C&D waste is 2.11E+07 t/yr, which accounts for 45% of the total quantity of solid waste. There has been a growing promotion of recycling C&D waste as an effective way to solve this waste problem. However, the evaluation of the efficiency of recycling C&D waste as a potential source of resources is largely based on traditional economic analysis. The economic analysis emphasizes money instead of the harmony between economic benefit and environmental effects. There is a need for a new strategic approach to investigate the efficiency of recycling C&D waste to achieve the integration between economic, social and environmental effects. Emergy theory can be employed to analyze different recycling options for C&D waste. With reference to the Chinese construction industry, this paper demonstrates that the close-loop recycling option is better than the open-loop recycling option for C&D waste in terms of the integration of social, environmental and sustainable aspects. To evaluate different technology solutions for C&D waste recycling, the emergy theory and method is not limited to a cost-benefit balance but can include economic, social, environmental and sustainable effects. 相似文献
The effects of manufacturing parameters on mechanical properties of medium density fibreboard (MDF) bonded with modified soy
protein-based glue were studied to find an appropriate manufacture technology. Physical properties of MDF made with different
amount of wax emulsion were measured. Results indicated that water repellent had no obvious influence on physical properties
of soy protein-based MDF boards. The fiberboards bonded with soy protein-based glue showed stronger water resistance properties
than those bonded with urea–formaldehyde (UF) resins. Furthermore, the soy protein-based MDF boards had good quality [25.2%
24 h soak thickness swell (TS), 29.9 MPa modulus of rupture (MOR), 3130 MPa modulus of elasticity (MOE)], which met requirements
of Chinese national standard. Practical processing parameters were obtained by orthogonal experiment, i.e., glue content 8.0%,
hot-press temperature 200 °C, and hot-press time 150 s. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The oil-water separation is a popular issue and the removal of oil from bulk water is also meaningful especially in oil spill incident, which not only... 相似文献
As an important renewable energy source, wind power plays a key role in mitigating climate change and has become one of the fastest growing clean energies globally. In China, wind energy development has been a vital component of national energy transformation strategy. Over the years, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to promote the development of wind power and also to regulate this emerging industry. Base on examining all the key policy documents on wind power issued by the Chinese government over the last 30 years, we find that China has built up a comprehensive policy system, and summarized the current framework of Chinese wind power policy systematically. Then, we analyze the policy objectives, policy tools, major measures, their results in each development stage, and the characteristics and trends of China’s wind power policies. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current policy and put forward corresponding suggestions.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Natural steroid estrogens (NSEs), including free estrogens (FEs) and conjugated estrogens (CEs), are of emerging concern globally among public and... 相似文献