基于SOA的三峡库区水环境安全预警平台集成

从三峡库区水环境安全预警平台背景作用与意义,提出基于SOA的B/S与C/S相结合的技术架构设计及数据库层、组件服务层和集成应用层3层架构体系,探索GIS多源数据标准、GIS与模型库以及基于WebService接口的应用服务的平台集成技术实现;指出研究成果在水环境管理应用中不断完善。     

我国危险化学品安全监管网络整合研究

分析我国危险化学品安全监管网络的特征,指出安全监管网络中存在的法律法规、监管部门信息共享、合作协调机制等方面存在的突出问题,提出了我国危险化学品安全监管网络整合的主要对策,包括建立监管部门之间的常态合作协调机制、无缝隙化城市安全监管平台以及跨区域合作监管机制。危险化学品安全监管网络整合,对提高我国危险化学品监管水平具有重要意义。     

The role of analogues in radioecology

If no data are available for a specific radionuclide its analogue could be used in radioecological models. They might be used not only in the frame of screening modelling. Relevant processes and features have to be known, such as time scales of these processes, physical, chemical and biological properties of the environment and relevant media. An analogue could only be proven to be valid by comparing its behaviour in the conditions of interest, while confidence in the validity of an analogue will increase as the quality of the justification increases, there will always be some residual uncertainty. Several main types of analogy can be used when measured or recommended values are not available: the same parameter obtained for another isotope of the same element; the same parameter obtained for another element; a different parameter obtained for the same element. There are several cases, when analogues might be applied as indicators of the determining processes in the radioecological studies.     

A database for integrated assessment of European agricultural systems

A major bottleneck for data-based policy making is that data sources are collected, managed, and distributed by different institutions, residing in different locations, resulting in conceptual and practical problems. The use of dispersed data for agricultural systems research requires the integration of data sources, which means to ensure consistency in data interpretations, units, spatial and temporal scales, to respect legal regulations of privacy, ownership and copyright, and to enable easy dissemination of data. This paper describes the SEAMLESS integrated database on European agricultural systems. It contains data on cropping patterns, production, farm structural data, soil and climate conditions, current agricultural management and policy information. To arrive at one integrated database, a shared ontology was developed according to a collaborative process, which facilitates interdisciplinary research. The paper details this process, which can be re-used in other research projects for integrating data sources.     

京津地区区域一体化程度分析

20世纪50年代以来,全球化背景下世界各国间经济依存度加强,与之相伴生的区域集团化趋势日益显著。北京和天津作为京津冀地区经济实力最强的两个城市,两市的一体化程度研究可以在一定程度反映京津冀一体化的程度,也能对规划京津冀发展提供依据。本文从对区域经济一体化的概念和发展过程的讨论出发,并以京津地区为研究对象,从市场一体化、产业一体化和空间一体化三个方面探讨其一体化整合程度。采用"价格法",利用两市的商品零售价格指数对相对平均价格方差进行分析,得出市场较早具备了一体化的优势条件,近年来发展却不大;分析工业和第三产业各行业的区位商,了解到产业互补潜力尚未充分发挥;同时以京津冀地区的城市分布情况为研究对象,根据费里德曼空间结构的演变阶段理论将其空间一体化程度划分为初级阶段。未来通过政策引导、合理布局和整体规划,京津一体化的发展将成为区域经济发展的主要推动力之一。     

Process design optimization and risk analysis

Hazard identification and risk assessment are key aspects in process plant design. They are often applied in the final stages of the process at whatever the cost, unless financial constraints are imposed. However, a much better solution would be to introduce risk analysis earlier by including it in earlier stages of the design process, such as when the cost of a plant and the cost of any accidents that may occur are estimated. In this paper, an optimization methodology is proposed, in which both cost and risk (with a deterministic approach) are taken into account, to improve on the current situation. If a decision variable is chosen, an objective function will be established that makes it possible to analyze variations in overall costs, including the cost of the investment and the cost of accidents. This leads to an optimum situation in which costs are kept to a minimum. Of course, this optimization is subject to constraints, the greatest of which is the fact that risk must not exceed tolerated threshold levels. The procedure is explained and two examples, one involving a toxic release and the other a BLEVE/fireball, are used to illustrate it.     

中美职业安全健康法对比

通过对中美职业安全健康立法目的和背景的考察,对比分析职业安全健康法涉及的6项具体内容,即体例结构、适用范围、监管方式、监管体制、教育与培训、法律责任,并指出国情不同是造成中美职业安全健康法立法巨大差异的原因之一。经对比分析,可得出几点结论:从中国国情出发,走逐步完善的职业安全健康立法路径,建立独立的职业安全健康法律体系,是我国安全生产的治本之策;对从业人员的职业安全健康保护具有首要性,须明晰保护劳动者的上层法律要求,《安全生产法》并不能代替《职业安全健康法》;完善中国职业安全健康法律制度须走一体化整合的道路。     

基于AHP的可听噪声影响因素权值分析

影响超高压输电线路可听噪声的因素众多，对影响可听噪声的因素进行合理分析确定其对可听噪声影响的权重是进行可听噪声预测和合理有效降低可听噪声的前提。对影响可听噪声的因素进行分析并运用层次分析法（AnalyticHierarchyProcess，AHP）对影响可听噪声的主要因素进行加权分析，以定量的形式确定影响因素的相对重要度。结果表明，应用层次分析法确定的可听噪声影响因素权重符合实际，准确性较高，为可听噪声选择主要影响因素用于预测及有效降低可听噪声提供参考依据。     

反应沉淀一体式矩形环流反应器处理城市污水的影响因素研究

通过中试研究了不同溶解氧浓度、有机负荷、HRT条件下,反应沉淀一体式矩形环流反应器(RPIR)对深圳市南山污水处理厂低C/N城市污水的处理效果。结果表明,在控制溶解氧浓度为1 mg/L、COD容积负荷小于2.5 kg/m3.d、NH4+-N容积负荷不超过0.2 kg/(m3.d)、HRT为4 h时,COD平均去除率可达90%,NH4+-N平均去除率超过80%。RPIR在处理该城市污水过程中具有良好的抗冲击负荷能力,污染物去除效率高,运行稳定。     

煤与瓦斯突出影响因素评价分析的模糊层次分析方法

在综合分析煤与瓦斯突出的影响因素的基础上，采用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）建立了煤与瓦斯突出模糊层次分析模型并进行了实例分析，确定了煤与瓦斯突出各影响因素的权重系数。评价结果表明：地应力、地质构造、瓦斯压力等是影响煤与瓦斯突出的主要因素。为制定相应的煤与瓦斯突出防治措施，提供了科学的理论依据和切合实际情况的评价方法。