大跨度钢结构桥架的检测鉴定及加固处理

对大跨度受腐蚀损坏的钢结构桥架进行结构可靠性检测鉴定和内力验算,根据检测鉴定结果做加固处理,保证了结构的安全稳定和生产使用需要。     

某厂通廊框架晃动原因及加固处理

对某厂通廊框架进行检测,根据检测结果分析晃动原因,从而提出合理的加固处理方案,保证厂房安全正常使用。     

Thermal hazard accident investigation of hydrogen peroxide mixing with propanone employing calorimetric approaches

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), historically, due to its broad applications in the chemical industries, has caused many serious fires and explosions around the world. Its thermal hazards may also be incurred by an incompatible reaction with other chemicals, and a runaway reaction may be induced in the last stage. This study applied thermal analytical methods to explore the H₂O₂ leading to these accidents by incompatibility and to discuss what might be formed by the upset situations. Thermal hazard analysis contained a solvent, propanone (CH₃COCH₃, so-called acetone), which was deliberately selected to mix with H₂O₂ for investigating the degree of thermal hazard. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vent sizing package 2 (VSP2) were employed to evaluate the thermal hazard of H₂O₂. The results indicated that H₂O₂ is highly hazardous while mixed with propanone, as a potential contaminant. The time to maximum rate (TMR) was used as emergency response time in the chemical industries. Therefore, TMR of H₂O₂ was calculated to be 70 min for runaway reaction (after T₀) and TMR of H₂O₂/propanone was discovered to be 27 min only. Fire and explosion hazards could be successfully lessened if the safety-related data are properly imbedded into manufacturing processes.     

一种改进的帧差法实现火焰目标分割

针对传统船舶火灾报警系统采用的传感器在远离火灾源时很难探测到初期火灾的特性,提出了利用摄像头模式识别的方法来探测火源的构想,将顶置鱼眼摄像头作为图像传感器,在一个较大的范围内探测初期火灾,提出了一种基于火焰闪点位置的交叉性与聚合性的帧差算法,实现火焰目标分割识别.该方法是在实时视频流中,对连续两帧图像进行帧差,根据闪点位置的交叉性排除运动物体的干扰,再根据闪点的聚合程度排除一部分游离的干扰闪点,最后得到疑似火焰区域.对疑似火焰区域二值化、抽取轮廓、再由种子点位置确定火焰外形.此法能够高效地从视频图像中分割出火焰,从而为火灾的初期预防报警提供高效识别手段.     

大型排架施工安全监控机制研究

以大型排架为研究对象,研究排架从设计开始、搭设过程、排架使用过程、排架拆除等环节,从安全组织、技术措施、监督检查、安全许可等方面严格把关,对工程建设参建各方应该履行的安全生产管理职责、权限、工作内容及工作流程进行梳理和细化,设置控制节点,强化中间环节的安全检查,实现排架全生命过程的安全控制,研究成果以程序文件表现。大型排架施工过程监控程序文件中有工作流程8个,对应安全检查表10个,工作流程环环相扣,安全检查表间相互关联。通过实施大型排架施工过程监控程序文件,严格过程监督管理,保证高排架在搭设与使用中不发生安全生产事故,有效杜绝了类似于高排架垮塌伤人等群体性伤害安全事故。     

汽车尾气净化催化剂Ag/SAPO-34选择性催化还原NO

评价了Ag/SAPO-34分子筛催化剂选择性还原NO的活性,并运用漫反射红外光谱原位研究NO在Ag/SAPO-34催化剂上的选择性催化还原机理.结果表明Ag/SAPO-34有良好的低温活性,在氧气浓度为3.6%和温度为573K～673K时NO还原成N2的转化率达70%;催化剂活性随C3H6浓度的增加而升高,随空速的增加而稍有下降.基于漫反射红外光谱,认为反应机理为:NO、丙烯和氧反应,在Ag/SAPO-34催化剂上生成吸附的有机-氮氧化物,再由这些吸附物种分解成N₂,催化还原的关键是形成有机-氮氧化物中间体.氧的作用是充分促进丙烯活化以及增加NO_x吸附态含量,并且氧的存在是有效产生一系列中间物不可缺少的条件.     

羟胺强化Fenton反应降解水中氯酚

针对传统Fenton体系Fe（Ⅲ）累积和pH适用范围过窄等缺点，采用羟胺（HA）强化的HA-Fenton体系，以对氯苯酚（4-CP）为目标污染物进行降解实验，考察了Fe（Ⅱ）投加量、H2O2投加量、HA投加量和溶液pH等工艺条件对4-CP去除率的影响。实验结果表明：HA-Fenton体系适用于酸性和弱酸性条件，最佳pH范围为3.0~4.0；在溶液pH为3.0、Fe（Ⅱ）投加量为5.0 μmol/L、H2O2投加量为0.4 mmol/L、HA投加量为0.20 mmol/L的最适条件下，反应10 min， 4-CP去除率达64.25 %。     

大气中有机胺类物质反应机理和消除过程研究

综述大气中有机胺可能的来源、健康危害及其在大气中的均相和非均相化学转化机制,阐述有机胺的反应产物对二次有机气溶胶及其对大气气溶胶的物理和化学性质的改变,此类改变增强大气气溶胶间接气候效应(如成云结核能力等)。大气中的有机胺主要通过与大气氧化剂的反应和非均相反应过程的溶解或置换进入颗粒相,而后随着湿沉降(如云滴、雾滴、雨滴等)到达地面或海面。     

丙烯腈生产废水中聚合物的资源化利用

以丙烯腈生产废水中的丙烯腈低聚物为原料制备聚丙烯酰胺。通过正交实验考察了水解反应条件和交联反应条件对反应的影响。FTIR表征结果显示,丙烯腈低聚物中的氰基已完全水解为酰胺基,产物聚丙烯酰胺中含有酰胺基和羧基。实验结果表明,在自来水加入量100 m L、水解反应温度95℃、m(Na OH)∶m(丙烯腈低聚物)=2.0、水解反应时间3 h的最佳水解反应条件,交联反应温度60℃、质量分数37%~40%的甲醛加入量6 m L、交联反应时间2 h的最佳交联反应条件下,处理20 g丙烯腈低聚物,可得到产物聚丙烯酰胺14.50 g,聚丙烯酰胺的水解度为21.1%、相对分子质量为2.7×106。产品性能满足Q/SH 0046—2007《钻井液用聚丙烯酰胺技术要求》中部分水解聚丙烯酰胺的性能要求。     

Food for Thought: Audience Engagement with Sustainability Messages in Branded Content

Branded platforms are a growing “gray-zone” of marketing and media messages, in which corporations and news journalists partner to create content that supports strategic corporate goals while aligning with a publication’s scope of editorial coverage. As corporations are key influencers of and contributors to environmental communication, this trend has the potential to change environmental dialogue. In this article, we closely examine messages about food and sustainability, created in partnership by Chipotle Mexican Grill and the Huffington Post news site. We illustrate how use of a branded platform expanded the scope of environmental topics, issues, and frames that Chipotle addresses, how frames identified here connect to frames in coverage of science-related issues, as identified by other scholars, and discuss how branded platforms allow corporations to draw attention to polarizing environmental issues while protecting stakeholder relationships and brand reputation.