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991.
基于LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index Method)方法分析2001-2016年京津冀地区电力部门CO2排放的8个影响因素,考虑了京津冀地区电力部门从生产投入、转换、传输到消费的整个过程;并分析了2001-2016年影响京、津、冀各地区CO2排放的各因素贡献值。结果表明,1)2001-2016年京津冀地区电力部门CO2排放总体呈现递增趋势,2012年出现负增长;河北省电力部门对京津冀电力部门CO2排放贡献最大,2001-2016年累计CO2排放变化量为145.70 Mt,但河北省电力部门的减排潜力巨大;2)人均GDP效应和人口规模效应是促进京津冀地区电力部门CO2排放增长的主要因素,2001-2016年累计贡献值分别为261.86 Mt和36.47 Mt;3)用电效率效应和电力输入输出效应是京津冀地区电力部门CO2排放量增长的主要抑制作用,2001-2016年累计贡献值分别为-49.40 Mt和-47.93 Mt;4)造成京、津、冀电力部门CO2排放差异的主要因素是人均GDP、化石能源转换效率和用电效率。 相似文献
992.
Vehicular emissions in China in 2006 and 2010 were calculated at a high spatial resolution based on the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, by taking the emission standards into consideration. China's vehicular emissions of carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxides(NO_x), volatile organic compounds(VOCs), ammonia(NH_3), fine particulate matters(PM_(2.5)), inhalable particulate matters(PM_(10)), black carbon(BC), and organic carbon(OC) were 30,113.9, 4593.7, 6838.0, 20.9, 400.2, 430.5, 285.6, and 105.1 Gg, respectively, in 2006 and 34,175.2, 5167.5, 7029.4, 74.0, 386.4, 417.1, 270.9, and 106.2 Gg, respectively, in 2010. CO,VOCs, and NH_3 emissions were mainly from motorcycles and light-duty gasoline vehicles,whereas NO_X, PM_(2.5), PM_(10), and BC emissions were mainly from rural vehicles and heavyduty diesel trucks. OC emissions were mainly from motorcycles and heavy-duty diesel trucks. Vehicles of pre-China Ⅰ(vehicular emission standard of China before phase Ⅰ) and China Ⅰ(vehicular emission standard of China in phase Ⅰ) were the primary contributors to all of the pollutant emissions except NH_3, which was mainly from China Ⅲ and China Ⅳ gasoline vehicles. The total emissions of all the pollutants except NH_3 changed little from2006 to 2010. This finding can be attributed to the implementation of strict emission standards and to improvements in oil quality. 相似文献
993.
E.D.Vicente L.A.C.Tarelho E.R.Teixeira M.Duarte T.Nunes C.Colombi V.Gianelle G.O.da Rocha A.Sanchez de la Campa C.A.Alves 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(4):246-258
Interest in renewable energy sources has increased in recent years due to environmental concerns about global warming and air pollution,reduced costs and improved efficiency of technologies.Under the European Union(EU)energy directive,biomass is a suitable renewable source.The aim of this study was to experimentally quantify and characterize the emission of particulate matter(PM_(2.5))resulting from the combustion of two biomass fuels(chipped residual biomass from pine and eucalypt),in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed(BFB)combustor under distinct operating conditions.The variables evaluated were the stoichiometry and,in the case of eucalypt,the leaching of the fuel.The CO and PM_(2.5)emission factors were lower when the stoichiometry used in the experiments was higher(0.33±0.1 g CO/kg and 16.8±1.0 mg PM_(2.5)/kg,dry gases).The treatment of the fuel by leaching before its combustion has shown to promote higher PM_(2.5)emissions(55.2±2.5 mg/kg,as burned).Organic and elemental carbon represented 3.1 to 30 wt.% of the particle mass,while carbonate(CO_3~(2-))accounted for between 2.3 and 8.5 wt.%.The particulate mass was mainly composed of inorganic matter(71% to 86% of the PM_(2.5)mass).Compared to residential stoves,BFB combustion generated very high mass fractions of inorganic elements.Chloride was the water soluble ion in higher concentration in the PM_(2.5)emitted by the combustion of eucalypt,while calcium was the dominant water soluble ion in the case of pine. 相似文献
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997.
煤矿抽采出的低浓度瓦斯直接排空不仅浪费清洁能源而且加剧温室效应。离子液体(IL)是近年来用于气体分离的热点研究对象。综述了利用IL分离气体,特别在溶解CH_4气体方面的研究进展,归纳了具有高效溶解CH4能力的IL结构特征,以及阴阳离子对IL溶解CH_4的影响规律。分析结果表明CH_4在大部分ILs中的溶解度较小;与咪唑类ILs相比,阴离子为[FAP]~-、[doc]~-、[Tf_2N]~-、[TMPP]~-,阳离子取代链为长烷烃的季膦类和季胺类ILs具有更强的溶解CH_4的能力。特别是[P4444][TMPP]和[P(14)666][TMPP]对CH_4表现出优越的溶解性,可考虑用这2种ILs存储CH_4。至于两者能否用于浓缩CH_4,还需实验测试[P4444][TMPP]和[P(14)666][TMPP]溶解CO_2和N_2的情况,以及对溶解过程的影响。 相似文献
998.
碳交易为煤层气利用提供了一条重要的市场化融资渠道。目前国际、国内碳市场均只有1个方法学适用于煤层气利用项目。我国共注册了84个煤层气利用CDM项目,年减排量3 577万t(CO_2当量),已有40个项目获得了3 767万t(CO_2当量)减排量的签发,山西占最大比例。宁夏有4座煤层气发电站开展了碳交易工作,其中3个CDM项目实现了134.1万t(CO_2当量)交易。建议依托国际、国内碳市场,从加强政府引导、整体规划布局、探索规划类碳交易等4个方面促进宁夏煤层气的利用。 相似文献
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Yasin Şöhret Olcay Kıncay T. Hikmet Karakoç 《International Journal of Green Energy》2018,15(3):145-150
Emitted exhaust gases from aircraft are an issue of concern from an environmental perspective. Many research studies have been conducted aiming to reduce aircraft emissions in the hope of preventing any further increase in climate change and global warming. Within this scope, the present study intends to present a methodology for an optimum gas turbine engine selection with regard to emitted exhaust gases. The methodology focuses on five different turbofan engines which constitute the power unit of a commonly used passenger aircraft. At the end of the study, it is considered to be impossible to achieve a minimum exhaust emission for each gas. For this reason, it is considered to be better to optimize the engine with the aim of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions or other exhaust emissions. 相似文献