中国可持续农业的发展

可持续农业是２０世界８０年代中期首先由发达国家提出的世界性农业发展战略，是当前世界农业和可持续发展领域的重要前沿课题。本文以世界可持续农业的缘起和发展趋势为前景，全面阐释了中国发展可持续农业的条件、原因和途径，指出现代集约持续农业是２１世纪中国可持续农业的必由之路。     

现代农业发展过程中土壤肥力资源合理利用的思考与对策

土壤是农业生产的重要基础,也是人类赖以生存的保障,其不仅关系食物安全供应,而且直接影响生态环境。土壤肥力是发展现代农业的重要支撑,其有效的培育涉及多学科与多专业,需要系统创新与联合攻关,如今人们对土壤肥力的认识已经从农业生产向环境安全、资源利用、生态健康及全球变化等方向转变与提升。本文从土肥长期定位研究、土壤肥力培育技术、现代农业发展等方面阐述内在关系及其特点,同时分析了现代土壤学研究领域所面临的重要挑战与发展趋势,并提出若干建议与对策。     

上海市港城经济联动发展研究——基于建设现代化港口城市的背景

上海市要建成现代化港口城市,必须具备发达的港口经济与和谐的港城关系。从实现上海市港城经济联动发展的目的出发,将港城经济系统划分为城市经济子系统和港口经济子系统,选取具有代表性的指标,对2001—2010年间的数据进行灰色关联度分析。结果表明,保险业、信息业对港口经济的联动性较强,城市基础设施、集疏运体系和金融业对港口经济的支撑不足,且港口经济的外贸依存度不高,因此上海市需加快基础设施、金融业和现代物流业的配套建设。     

现代战争对自然环境的影响及思考

战争造成的环境创伤是巨大的,本文以详实的背景资料,通过海湾战争、越南战争等实例,分类描述了现代战争中爆炸物、生化武器、泄漏物等对大气环境、水环境、土壤环境、气候以及地质结构的影响,并由此剖析战争原因,通过处理好本国利益与全人类利益、增强综合国力与人类长远利益、反对霸权主义与打击恐怖主义三对关系,在法律的框架下让人类远离战争,提出了促进世界和平和可持续发展的行动建议。     

Nuclear War Investigation Related to a Limited Nuclear Battle with Emphasis on Agricultural Impacts in the United States

A limited battle involving the nuclear arsenals of India and Pakistan would have significant climatic impacts upon agricultural crop production in the United States; corn, soybeans, and winter wheat yields would be significantly reduced in the Corn Belt region of the US. The most severe impacts would occur during the second year after the modeled nuclear battle.     

现代黄河三角洲土壤特性对多氯联苯分布的影响规律

对现代黄河三角洲22个表层土壤样品中类二噁英类多氯联苯(PCBs)进行双毛细管柱GC-ECD结合MS测试,并使用相关数学统计学分析方法-相关性研究方法研究了现代黄河三角洲地区土壤特性对PCBs分布的影响,结果表明:土壤有机质量分数与其类二噁英类PCBs的总质量浓度呈弱的正相关关系。土壤粒径组成中粘粒质量分数与其类二噁英类PCBs的总质量浓度呈相关性关系,且达到极显著的水平;粉砂粒的质量分数与类二噁英类PCBs的总质量浓度无相关关系;砂粒质量分数与类二噁英类PCBs的质量浓度呈负相关关系,达到显著相关的水平。土壤溶解盐质量分数及pH值与类二噁英类PCBs的总量没有明显的相关性。可见,土壤中有机质、土壤颗粒组成中粘粒和砂粒质量分数是影响现代黄河三角洲地区土壤中PCBs分布的主要因素。     

我国农业政策性保险发展策略研究

当前我国需要完善农业政策性保险政策体系,加大各项政策的补贴力度,通过完善农业保险法律体系,建立专门管理机构,促进农业政策性保险政策顺利实施,保证农业健康稳定发展。     

关于加快完善长江流域生态文明制度的对策建议

长江经济带发展战略把修复长江生态环境摆在压倒性位置。虽然长江流域生态文明制度建设取得了阶段性成效,但还难以满足流域生态环境保护的实际需求。党的十九届四中、五中全会进一步阐述了坚持和完善生态文明制度体系的相关要求,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发的《关于构建现代环境治理体系的指导意见》对现代环境治理体系构建提出了系统性的安排。构建现代长江保护治理体系,加快完善生态文明制度,需要以颁布实施长江保护法为契机推动完善生态环境保护法律法规制度,以推进"三线一单"编制为基础建立健全国土空间用途管制制度,以自然资源资产确权管理为抓手建立推行资源高效利用制度,以统筹区域山水林田湖草生命共同体为主线健全生态保护和修复制度,以落实生态环境价值为导向推进完善生态补偿和生态环境损害赔偿制度,以环境治理体系为保障建立健全生态环境保护责任制度。     

A retrospective statistical review of deaths owing to migration through the southeasternmost land borders of the European Union,Greece 2000–14

The land borders of Evros, Greece, have been a common entry point for undocumented migrants on their way to Europe through Turkey. Adverse conditions, however, have resulted in many human casualties over the years. On the Greek side, 334 cadavers were retrieved between 2000 and 2014. This study provides a detailed forensic account of the humanitarian disaster in Evros to create an official scientific record of the situation. It showcases the gravity of the global issue of migration relating to health and mortality, and encourages communication and continual improvement of the approach and patterns of practices surrounding the subject. A retrospective statistical research review was conducted of border‐related fatalities between 2000 and 2014, assessing the age and gender of victims, the cause of death, the location of bodies, identification rates, and country of origin. Age ranged generally from 24 to 29 years, but infants and children were among the deceased.     

Guatemala: violence in peacetime--a critical analysis of the armed conflict and the peace process

The recent history of Guatemala is interpreted here using an interdisciplinary approach inspired by recent development and conflict studies. The author reflects on his experience in peace-building activities and uses a combination of primary and secondary sources to present the Guatemalan war as a complex political emergency. The first part (a methodological introduction) proposes an analytical framework, taking into account both the root causes and the different functions of violence, in order to achieve a better understanding of contemporary conflicts. In the second and central part of the article, the integrated framework is applied to Guatemala, trying to understand causes and functions of war and negotiation and underlining the existence of structural obstacles to a lasting peace. The conclusions are dedicated to policy implications: if the signing of peace accords represents only a step towards negative peace, the condition for a lasting peace is a strategy for reconciliation and development based on social participation and social justice.