Climate change adaptation and regional forest planning in southern Yukon,Canada

Recent interest in sustainable forest management planning in the Yukon has coincided with growing public awareness of climate change, providing an opportunity to explore how forestry plans are incorporating climate change. In this paper, the Strategic Forest Management Plans for the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Traditional Territory (CATT) and the Teslin Tlingit Traditional Territory (TTTT) are examined for evidence of adaptation to climate change. For each plan, management policies and practices that are also recognized as ways to adapt to climate change are identified to provide information on the incremental costs and benefits of additional adaptation efforts. A typology for classifying sustainable forest management plans according to how they address climate change is proposed and applied to the CATT and TTTT plans. This typology, which may be useful to any future retrospective assessments on how successful these or other sustainable forest management plans have been in addressing and managing the risks posed by climate change, consists of a matrix that categorizes plans into one of four types; (1) proactive-direct, (2) proactive-indirect, (3) reactive-direct, and (4) reactive-indirect. Neither of the plans available for the southern Yukon explicitly identifies climate change vulnerabilities and actions that will be taken to reduce those vulnerabilities and manage risks. However, both plans have incorporated some examples of ‘best management practices’ for sustainable forest management that are also consistent with appropriate climate adaptation responses. Even in a jurisdiction facing rapid ecological changes driven by climate change, where there is a relatively high level of awareness of climate change and its implications, forestry planning processes have yet to grapple directly with the risks that climate change may pose to the ability of forest managers to achieve the stated goals and objectives of sustainable forest management plans.

浅析市政污染控制综合项目环境影响后评估

环境影响后评估是《环境影响评价法》的一个重要内容。市政污染控制综合项目在评估方法、重点以及指标体系上与一般项目验收评估存在很大差异。在对贵阳市南明河“三年变清”项目进行环境影响后评估中,选用流域综合整治、水质改善、景观整治建设、管理与教育以及民众满意五个方面14个评价因子,采取赋值打分综合评价的方法,得出可准确反映项目实施后环境质量的实际改善情况以及环境污染控制措施有效性的后评估结论,并为进一步完善污染控制方案等后期的环境管理提供科学依据。     

Environmental whole farm management plans: their character, diversity, and use as agri-environmental indicators in New Zealand

This paper reports on a nationwide survey of environmental farm plan programmes and plan characteristics, towards determining New Zealand's (NZ's) capability and eligibility for reporting on the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) environmental whole farm management plan agri-environmental indicator. Considerations regarding the validity of the indicator are discussed. Environmental farm planning in NZ is widespread, fragmented, and diverse. Nine of NZ's 16 regional authorities have environmental farm plan programmes involving 20 different types of environmental farm plans. Potentially half of NZ's total area of farmland is included, but this is reduced by limited and selective use of environmental farm plans as policy instruments. Three authorities are capable of readily reporting the number and coverage of their environmental farm plans; six would need to manually compile the information. Compliance monitoring is mostly informal, but necessary for checking the implementation of plan works and actions. Eligibility of NZ environmental farm plans cannot be determined until the OECD define acceptance standards. A contemporary definition of environmental farm plans is proposed, along with additional criteria necessary to ensure such plans are credible indicators of issue ownership, adoption of best management practice, and landscape changes intended to improve environmental quality.     

道路运输企业安全评价方法及实例分析

为了有效预防道路运输企业的生产安全事故,在建立道路运输企业安全评价指标体系基础上,利用层次分析法基本原理,详细说明了采用层次分析法评价的步骤,并采用指数标度以提高评价精度,在此基础上确定了各指标的权重,采用模糊综合评价方法进行评价.最后针对实际企业进行实证,结果表明,将模糊综合评价方法引入道路运输企业安全评价,克服了现行评价方法不够定量与评价面过广的不足.该评价方法可结合道路运输企业实际,在开展道路运输企业安全管理及绩效考核工作中得到广泛应用.     

以跨学科模型体系支撑经济社会绿色低碳发展

正2020年9月22日,国家主席习近平在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上发表重要讲话,承诺我国将提高国家自主贡献力度,采取更有力的政策和措施,二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,于2060年前实现碳中和。实现"双碳"目标的关键在于控制化石能源消费,而能源是经济发展的物质基础,节能降碳措施将为我国经济发展带来显著压力。今后一段时间内,我国将面临节能减排与后疫情重建的双重挑战,亟须开展相关理论与实证研究,为绿色低碳发展提供科学依据。     

Health sector recovery in early post‐conflict environments: experience from southern Sudan

Health sector recovery in post‐conflict settings presents an opportunity for reform: analysis of policy processes can provide useful lessons. 1 The case of southern Sudan is assessed through interviews, a literature review, and by drawing on the experience of former technical advisers to the Ministry of Health. In the immediate post‐conflict phase, the health system in southern Sudan was characterised by fragmentation, low coverage of health services, dismal health outcomes and limited government capacity. Health policy was extensively shaped by the interplay of context, actors and processes: the World Bank and the World Health Organization became the primary drivers of policy change. Lessons learned from the southern Sudan case include the need for: sustained investment in assessment and planning of recovery activities; building of procurement capacity early in the recovery process; support for funding instruments that can disburse resources rapidly; and streamlining the governance structures and procedures adopted by health recovery financing mechanisms and adapting them to the local context.     

Sudden-onset disaster resilience considering functionality improvement planning: An upstream oil and gas company

The present paper presents a quantitative approach to evaluate organizational resilience in sudden-onset disasters considering preparedness actions (PAs). The resilience triangle concept is extended and gradual improvement of the level of functionality (LF) strategy is examined as PAs. Robustness and rapidity measures are considered as loss of LF and recovery time to indicate the overall disaster resilience. Besides, the resourcefulness and redundancy measures are considered pre-determined response plans and PAs aimed to improve disaster resilience. Two mathematical models are developed by applying these measures. Thereafter, graphical analytics are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of PAs and provide a better outlook for decision-makers. Then, mathematical analyses are conducted to show how the PAs affect resilience measures. It is mathematically proved that PAs exert considerable impacts on recovery time, loss of LF, and robustness. To illustrate the application of the proposed approach, it is applied to an upstream oil and gas company in the field of exploration and production. The results suggest that the approach is significantly effective in disaster response, planning, and mitigation.