我国环境政策中生态工业园内涵误区的分析

作为一种新的工业可持续发展方式,生态工业园已经在世界范围内得到广泛应用。在我国,随着近几年生态工业园建设的蓬勃开展,出现了一些认识和实践中的误区,这些误区可能会影响我国循环经济下一步实践的顺利开展。文章以生态工业园概念的内涵为主线,通过系统梳理和分析相关的国内外文献和我国的法规政策,首先总结了生态工业园的广义和狭义内涵,提炼了工业共生的目标要素、主体要素和行为要素;其次分析了工业共生与循环经济、清洁生产之间的相互关系;在此基础上,提出了目前生态工业园实践中出现的"循环经济式、污染控制式、产业发展式"三种内涵误区,并进一步剖析了我国政策制定过程中的两个深层问题,即生态工业园实践内容的简单组合化和生态工业园目标与内容的脱节。     

论污染源普查与可持续发展

阐述了污染源普查与可持续发展之间的关系,提出应利用污染源普查成果,运用正确的战略手段,提高可持续发展战略水平;运用强有力的行政手段,提高可持续发展综合决策水平;运用切实有效的核算指标,建立有利于经济可持续发展的“绿色GDP”机制;运用法律手段,提高实施可持续发展的法制化水平;运用科技手段,为推进可持续发展提供强有力的支撑。     

富营养化对珊瑚礁生态系统影响的研究进展

根据国外最新文献,综述了富营养化对珊瑚礁生态系统影响的研究进展情况,这些进展主要包括:(1)对珊瑚生长及其共生虫黄藻的影响(如对珊瑚钙化作用、组织生长、虫黄藻的密度及其光合作用等的影响);(2)对珊瑚繁殖和补充的影响(包括对珊瑚的生育、受精、胚胎和幼虫的发展及其幼虫的附着等的影响);(3)对珊瑚疾病的影响(如对白化现象、疾病的易感性和病菌的适应性等的影响);(4)对珊瑚礁生态系统群落结构演替的影响(如刺激造礁藻的生长或者促进珊瑚礁不常见的营养性藻类变成优势种)。同时指出了一些该领域未来研究的重点,包括(1)珊瑚共生系对富营养化的长期性响应机制;(2)结合同位素技术和叶绿素荧光技术研究外部富营养化对珊瑚共生系碳、氮循环的影响;(3)富营养化对珊瑚繁殖和补充不同阶段的影响机制;(4)加强珊瑚病毒细菌的种类、结构研究,从基因这个微观的角度来研究富营养化对珊瑚疾病的影响机制;(5)富营养化与草食动物对珊瑚礁群落结构产生的耦合效应研究;(6)指示珊瑚礁生态系统富营养化的生物化学指标研究等。     

昆明低碳经济情景分析

介绍了低碳经济的概念,低碳经济在国际和国内的发展情况,并结合昆明市2007年节能工作情况、2008年节能工作重点和发展低碳经济的挑战对昆明市的低碳经济发展情况进行分析。     

Formation of the resource concept in Japan: pre-war and post-war efforts in knowledge integration

The objective of this paper is to trace the evolution of the resource concept in modern Japan by highlighting key individuals who played major roles in communicating this idea to a wider audience during its formation and development between the 1910s and 1950s. Special attention will be paid to the effect of different historical contexts on interpretations of the term “resource”. The paper reveals how the integration of knowledge indispensable for achieving sustainability occurs. The orientation of resource policy was drastically different before and after World War II. In the pre-war period, the military government used the resource concept to create a comprehensive inventory of the nation’s military forces, and “resource” was thus a convenient term to neutralize the aggressive connotations of top-down military mobilization. After the turn to democratic principles in 1945, “resource” suddenly acquired a symbolic meaning as a means to serve the people. Despite these contrasts, however, pre and post-war resource concepts share a commonality in that the government acted as the centralizing force, providing a platform to integrate disparate knowledge under the resource concept. At a time when society itself is more prone to fragmentation, the resource concept, which played a significant role in unification in the past, should be re-examined. The history of the concept in Japan, particularly during the pre and post-war period up until the 1950s, contains a wealth of insights as to how this can be achieved.

Industrial symbiosis contributing to more sustainable energy use - an example from the forest industry in Kymenlaakso, Finland

Industrial symbiosis (IS) studies the physical flows of materials and energy in local industrial systems using a systems approach. In this study the total fuel and energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions are calculated for an ‘industrial park’ operating in the same manner as an IS. Moreover the relevance of industrial symbiosis, particularly one centred on pulp and paper manufacturing, in moving towards more sustainable fuel consumption and reduced greenhouse gas emissions is discussed. The system is compared to hypothetical stand-alone production. Moreover, possibilities to reduce the energy use and total greenhouse gas emissions of the park are identified.     

德国豪特尔·勒瑙洪泛区土地利用综合设想

“德国豪特尔·勒瑙洪泛区土地利用综合设想”是EC INTERRDⅡc项目IRMA的一部分。该项目旨在通过一种综合性的方法,即空间规划、水资源管理和灾害预防,来解决莱茵河上游沿岸高水位洪水泛滥问题。莱茵马列丁奈州环保局负责该项目的实施。项目的基本目标是改善现有防洪计划并减轻莱茵河流域日益严重的洪水危害。考虑到具体的实施问题,该项目突出体现了工程的特征：运用综合性跨学科学的方法,精心设计,以实现恢复洪泛平原的目标。与以往防洪计划与防洪过程不同的是,该项目进行土地利用规划,并采取了一系列的对策措施。其主要方法是通过设计多种土地利用备选方案来协调各种冲突。     

试论新时代应急文化体系建设

结合当前新冠肺炎重大公共卫生疫情的应对,从广义文化与应急一体化结合的视角探讨应急文化的概念和定义;应用一般文化学的"价值观收敛原理"和"目标偏离最小化原理",论述应急文化建设的功能作用;基于系统工程建模理论构建应急文化建设体系;最后,探讨分析应急文化建设的信念凝聚功能、精神激励功能、行为规范功能、工作动力功能、思想传播功能,以及应急观念文化建设和应急理念体系建设等内容。     

《生态文明理念和发展方略》述评

曲格平撰写的《生态文明理念和发展方略》重点阐述了生态文明的重要性,深刻揭示了生态文明的必然性,提出了中国生态文明建设的路径和发展方略,启示我们要更加深刻地认识生态文明的重要现实意义和历史必然性,进一步提高贯彻落实科学发展观的自觉性,努力开辟具有中国特色的人与自然和谐发展的道路,开创环保工作的"战略反攻"的新阶段,积极发展环境科技,培养大批高素质环保科技人才。     

Climate citizenship in the European union: environmental citizenship as an analytical concept

The concept of environmental citizenship is employed as an analytical tool to determine what kind of climate citizenship(s) the citizen-directed material in the European Commission’s climate change campaign is constructing. The research material is read, analysed and interpreted through elements attached to environmental citizenship: the realm of activity, political space, depth of activity, level of activity, citizen virtues, citizen rights and responsibilities and conception of the environment. The results suggest that climate citizenship is considered mainly as a private sphere activity performed by individuals and consists mainly in small adjustments in daily life. Climate citizens are motivated to everyday-life mitigation by personal benefit, greenhouse gas emissions and preserving natural resources.