本溪市大气降尘及其组分变化规律的研究

对本溪市１９９１～１９９５年５年间降尘监测结果进行分析，找出其变化规律和分布情况，提出了改善大气环境质量的建议．     

快速容量法测定废水中的CODcr

用快速消解容量法测定工业废水中的ＣＯＤｃｒ，方法简便，快速，准确。试验精密度和准确度都可接受，ＣＶ％〈５，加标回收率在０．９５－１．０５之间，与库仑法，标准法对比分析结果无显著性差异。     

下行流人工湿地去除生活污水中氮磷的研究

用下行流人工湿地处理生活污水,分析了系统对TP,TN的处理效果,并将有无植物2种系统对污染物的去除效果进行对比.研究结果表明:下行流人工湿地对N,P都有很高的去除率;进水中TN,TP的浓度变化对出水中N,P含量影响不大,系统对N,P有一定的抗冲击能力;植物在污染物去除过程中起了一定的作用.     

《千年生态系统评估》

揭示生态系统变化对人类福祉的影响警醒决策者与公众做出积极反应。[编者按]     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

不同农业灌溉用水对土壤理化性质影响的研究

编者按 土壤管理和土壤利用方式影响着土壤的发育方向和土壤的性质(如土壤质地、土壤环境、土壤生态等).农业生产中对土地的不同管理措施或方式直接影响着农业土壤的发展方向和土壤环境变化.城市污水往往有较高的肥力,利用其灌溉农业,即能利用水源又能利用其中的肥源,有利于农业生产.     

浅谈石油行业工业动火施工的危险性与安全监控

石油行业的产品具有易燃易爆的特性,要害生产部位较多.随着生产时间的延长,原油中所含腐蚀成分对生产处理装置、流程管线腐蚀严重,工业动火施工亦会逐年增多,存在极大的安全隐患.该行业中因工业动火施工曾造成多次火灾、爆炸事故,如1996年,某采油厂在维修污水储罐时,因安全措施不周,造成起火爆炸,将罐顶掀起并引燃邻近的储罐,造成两座储罐报废;1998年某采油厂在井口流程动火施工中,因操作坑内聚集了大量可燃气体发生爆炸燃烧,造成重伤致残4人的惨重事故.从以上事故案例可以看出,无论是在原油生产,还是处理过程中,都存在有大量的可燃气体,遇到外界火源时就会发生起火爆炸.     

浮游微藻携带和传播WSSV的研究

以对虾养殖池塘中常见的湛江等鞭金藻(Isochrysis zhanjiangensis)、亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)、盐藻(D unaliella salina)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)四种浮游微藻为实验对象,研究其是否可以携带和传播严重危害对虾养殖业的对虾白斑病病毒(WSSV).研究结果表明,这四种微藻和WSSV病毒粗提液混合后,经PCR检测发现在混合后96 h内微藻都可以携带WSSV,其中湛江等鞭金藻和亚心形扁藻在144 h内为WSSV阳性,盐藻在120 h内为阳性,然后在不同时间呈现WSSV阴性.采取病毒-浮游微藻吸附法,用携带WSSV的微藻投喂美丽猛水蚤(Nitocra sp.5d,经套式PCR检测,美丽猛水蚤为病毒阳性.这说明浮游微藻可以携带并且传播WSSV.