Exploitation of Fenton and Fenton-like reagents as alternative conditioners for alum sludge conditioning

The use of Fenton’s reagent (Fe2+/H2O2) and Fenton-like reagents containing transition metals of Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), and Mn(II) for an alum sludge conditioning to improve its dewaterability was investigated. The results obtained were compared with those obtained from conditioning the same alum sludge using cationic and anionic polymers. Experimental results show that Fenton’s reagent was the best among the Fenton and Fenton-like reagents for the alum sludge conditioning. A considerable e ectiveness of capillary suction time (CST) reduction e ciency of 47% can be achieved under test conditions of Fe2+/H2O2 = 20/125 mg/g DS (dry solid) and pH 6.0. The observation of floc-like particles after Fenton’s reagent conditioning of alum sludge suggested that the mechanism of Fenton’s reagent conditioning was di erent from that of polymer conditioning. In spite of the lower e ciency in the CST reduction of Fenton’s reagent in alum sludge conditioning compared to that of polymer conditioning, Fenton’s reagent o ers a more environmentally safe option. This study provided an example of proactive treatment engineering, which is aimed at seeking a safe alternative to the use of polymers in sludge conditioning towards achieving a more sustainable sludge management strategy.     

生物淋滤法对疏浚淤泥中镉去除率及性质的影响

针对疏浚淤泥黏粒含量高、呈弱碱性的特性,采用疏浚淤泥和城市污水厂污泥共同驯化培养硫细菌接种液,研究生物淋滤过程对高污泥浓度的疏浚泥浆中镉的去除率、脱水性能和沉降性能的影响.结果表明:底物硫粉和FeSO4·7H2O共同用于生物淋滤能有效脱除淤泥中镉,同时可显著改善淤泥的脱水和沉降性能.当硫粉浓度为5g/L, FeSO4·7H2O浓度为15g/L,接种量为20%时,淋滤效果最好,淤泥中镉去除率达到88.68%,在此条件下,淤泥的离心脱水率和滤饼含水率分别为75%和33.47%,最终沉降距离最大.     

改性β-半水磷石膏固化含铅淤泥的性能及机理

采用改性β-半水磷石膏(MPG)(组成(w):50％ β-半水磷石膏、23％矿渣、15％磷渣、10％熟料和2％生石灰)对含铅淤泥进行固化稳定化.实验结果表明:MPG固化材料对含铅淤泥固化效果显著,养护28 d后MPG固化体的无侧限抗压强度比水泥固化体提高了73.59％,pH降低了18.24％;MPG固化体的含水率比未固...     

Effects of thermally pretreated temperature on bio-hydrogen production from sewage sludge

Hydrogen can be obtained by anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge. Therefore, in this paper the effects of thermally pretreated temperatures on hydrogen production from sewage sludge were investigated under different pre-treatment conditions. In the thermal pretreatment, some microbial matters of sludge were converted into soluble matters from insoluble ones. As a result, the suspended solid（SS） and volatile suspended solid（VSS） of sludge decreased and the concentration of soluble COD（SCOD） increased, including soluble carbohydrates and proteins. The experimental results showed that all of those pretreated sludge could produce hydrogen by anaerobic fermentation and the hydrogen yields under the temperatures of 121℃ and 50℃ were 12.23 ml/g VS（most） and 1.17 ml/g VS （least）, respectively. It illuminated that the hydrogen yield of sludge was affected by the thermally pretreated temperatures. Additionally, the endurance of high hydrogen yield depended on the translation of microbial matters and inhibition of methanogens in the sludge. The temperatures of 100℃ and 121℃ （treated time, 30 min） could kill or inhibit completely the methanogens while the others could not. To produce hydrogen and save energy, 100℃ was chosen as the optimal temperature for thermal pretrcatment. The composition changes in liquid phase in the fermentation process were also discussed. The SCOD of sludge increased, which was affected by the pretreatment temperature. The production of volatile fatty acids in the anaerobic fermentation increased with the pretreatment temperature.     

河道疏浚废弃淤泥改良土的强度变化规律探讨

通过系列室内试验,研究了添加生石灰改良高含水量疏浚淤泥的处理土的无侧限抗压强度的主要影响因素;探讨了高含水量疏浚淤泥生石灰处理土的无侧限抗压强度与原泥初始含水量、生石灰掺入比、处理土含水量的关系,得出了生石灰处理土的无侧限抗压强度随着含水量降低率的增加而线性增加的变化规律;建立了生石灰处理土无侧限抗压强度与原泥初始含水量及处理土含水量的定量表达式,给出了生石灰改良高含水量疏浚淤泥的处理土不排水强度的预测方法,可为高含水量疏浚淤泥的有效利用和相关工程设计、施工提供理论基础和指导。     

前置沉降对城市河道淤泥电渗脱水的影响

针对河道淤泥电渗脱水过程中存在的高能耗现象,以城市河道淤泥为实验对象,通过预设自由沉降辅以水平环形电场的电渗脱水方式,以出水速率,脱水终点时间、淤泥含水率、能耗为评价指标,就预沉时间与电压大小对淤泥的脱水效率进行了实验研究。结果表明:预沉60 min、电压梯度为4 V/cm、持续电渗270 min,淤泥含水率由97%下降到75.9%;其中电渗环节含水率由92.5%下降到75.9%。达到脱水终点时,预沉电渗脱水时间较直接电渗脱水延长10%、而干泥能耗则由直接电渗脱水的8.67 (kW·h)/t下降到4.25 (kW·h)/t,下降比例为51.04%。前置沉降有效脱除淤泥中存在的自由水分,从而为后继电渗脱水环节的节能奠定了基础。     

河道淤泥的形成及其整治

以大连市马栏河为例，针对河道清污分流后形成的淤泥进行了调查研究，基本上摸清了淤泥形成的原因,提出了整治意见，对目前各地进行的城市环境综合整治工作有着重要的借鉴意义。     

陶粒形态对超轻淤泥陶粒混凝土强度影响

固化处理城市河道沟渠淤泥,高温烧制陶粒建材是我国城市建设的重要途径,既有助于城市生态环境改造和治理,又可为基础设施修建提供优质环保建筑材料。本文开展了苏州某商品淤泥陶粒基本性能及其浇筑混凝土强度的试验研究。研究表明:淤泥陶粒具有质轻、级配良好、空隙率高、吸水率高等优点;淤泥陶粒混凝土由于陶粒强度和上浮问题,抗压强度低于普通混凝土,下降幅度随淤泥陶粒替代率的增加而增加;较高替代率下,不规则淤泥陶粒混凝土均匀性和强度优于球形淤泥陶粒混凝土。     

Adsorption removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by active red mud

Red mud is the waste of alumina industry and has high TiO_2 and Fe_2O_3 content which are active components for the adsorption of anion pollutants.In this study,the uptake of phosphate by red mud activated by heat treatment and acid-heat treatment was investigated. The factors influencing the adsorption were also investigated.The result showed that the red mud sample treated using acid-heat method at 80℃with 0.25 mol/L HC1 for 2 h achieved the highest phosphate removal.For the heat-activated red mud,the sample heated at 700℃for 2 h preformed better than the other heat treatment.Phosphate removal by the activated red mud was significantly pH dependent,and pH 7 was the optimal pH for phosphate removal.The adsorption fits Langmuir isotherm model well and the maximum adsorption capacities of the acid-heat activated red mud and the heat activated samples were 202.9 mgP/g and 155.2 mgP/g,respectively.     

重复污染下铬在淤泥中的行为表征

在实验室条件下，对铬在重复污染时的吸附解吸特征作了初步研究。结果表明：随吸附次数增加，其吸附量有减少趋势，但淤泥中总的吸附量增加，在浓度〉１０μｇ．ｍｌ＾－１时，经三次吸附，体系ｐＨ有所下降，导致吸附量急增。淤泥中的吸附铬极不易解吸；而高吸附量的淤泥在二次解吸时有解吸现象发生，但数量极小。