如何测试被动红外探测器？

1、从图中的探测器的阴影区为一个探测区域，这样只有穿越探测区域时才会触发探测器，所以测试时，只有横切（穿越）探测区，探测器才会报警，否则，就会误认为该探测器的灵敏度低，结果擅自调高灵敏度，导致探测器频频误报。     

红外和热分析联用在化工产品研究中的应用

运用实例论述了红外光谱分析与热分析联用在化工产品的产品开发和检测方面的应用。     

优化的甘蔗皮渣吸附居室甲醛

为了研究优化后的甘蔗皮渣吸附居室中的甲醛,本研究通过3种方法处理材料进行吸附甲醛对比,得出简便高效的碱热烫处理,并针对其热烫时间(X1)、pH值(X2)、水浴锅温度(X3)和水浴时间(X4)设置正交实验,得出热烫时间30 min、pH=11、水浴锅温度80℃、水浴时间2.5 h,甘蔗皮渣对甲醛吸附率可达27.91%。通过与活性炭、硅藻纯吸附效果比较,经F检验得出优化处理甘蔗皮渣与硅藻纯吸附效果相当,均极显著优于活性炭。电镜观测出优化甘蔗皮渣与活性炭、硅藻纯同具粗糙、皱褶、疏松多孔结构;傅里叶红外光谱分析出C≡C等基团在甲醛吸附中起主要作用。     

一种基于纹理特征的主动红外烟雾识别方法

视频图像火灾探测技术因其探测效率高、响应速度快等优点而被广泛应用,但普通摄像机无法拍摄零照度(黑暗)甚至低照度环境下的烟雾图像。而火灾发生时往往先产生烟雾,若能实现火灾早期的烟气探测将有利于预防火灾规模的扩大和人员财产的损失。利用红外摄像机结合红外发射灯来成像以完成对火灾的探测,具体探测过程为:首先利用中值滤波去除原始灰度图像中的噪声;其次利用三帧差分法提取烟雾前景;然后通过Local Binary Patterns与灰度共生矩阵分别获取烟雾纹理的局部和统计特征;最后将烟雾纹理特征输入Fisher分类器以识别烟雾与非烟雾(如水汽、飞尘等),并及时发出报警信号。设计有无环境风和人为干扰环境下的烟雾与水汽试验,利用烟雾运动的不规则性与扩散性、图像的Gabor特征、LBP尺度验证所用纹理特征。结果表明,从分类正确率和响应时间看,在低照度环境下所用纹理特征优于其他烟雾特征法。另外,通过调节相机与火源之间的距离,可得到应用于实际工程的红外摄像机最佳安装距离。     

基于OP-FTIR技术的炼油装置VOCs排放量监测

随着挥发性有机物排污收费政策的逐步实施,快速准确地监测企业VOCs排放量已成为环保部门和企业共同面对的难题。介绍了开路式傅里叶变换红外光谱技术原理及优势,研究了质量通量模式VOCs排放量计算方法,并以300 m×300 m某装置区域为例,完成了现场红外光谱测量、气象数据采集、数据有效性分析和VOCs排放量计算。研究结果表明,开路红外光谱技术极大提高了VOCs排放数据采集效率和准确性,进一步计算得出该装置区域VOCs年排放量平均值为98.7 t,为企业开展VOCs排放量核算提供了参考。     

等离子体催化降解甲苯途径的原位红外研究

考察了在常温常压条件下,等离子体分别协同SiO₂、Al₂O₃、NiO/Al₂O₃降解甲苯的性能,并从材料的介电常数、对甲苯的吸附性及臭氧分解能力等角度分析了不同活性表现的原因,同时,采用原位红外技术研究了甲苯降解过程中催化剂表面吸附物种的变化.结果表明,当甲苯浓度为100 ppm,气体流量为100 mL·min^-1时,一定范围内,甲苯降解率随着能量密度、介电常数、吸附性及臭氧分解能力的提高而提高.甲苯在催化剂表面的吸附对其降解途径有十分重要的影响:在放电区域中加入SiO₂,甲苯仍然在气相中完成降解;而存在Al₂O₃ 及NiO/Al₂O₃时,甲苯氧化成苯甲酸的过程主要发生在催化剂表面,是甲苯催化降解的关键步骤,苯甲酸在活性位点的积累将降低催化剂的反应活性.     

Degradation of direct azo dye by Cucurbita pepo free and immobilized peroxidase

Enzymatic decolourization of the azo dye, Direct Yellow (DY106) by Cucurbita pepo (courgette) peroxidase (CP) is a complex process, which is greatly affected by pH, temperature, enzyme activity and the concentrations of H₂O₂ and dye. Courgette peroxidase was extracted and its performance was evaluated by using the free-CP (FCP) and immobilized-CP (ICP) forms in the decolourization of DY106. Immobilization of peroxidase in calcium alginate beads was performed according to a strategy aiming to minimize enzyme leakage and keep its activity at a maximum value by optimizing sodium alginate content, enzyme loading and calcium chloride concentration. The initial conditions at which the highest DY106 decolourization yield was obtained were found at pH 2, temperature 20℃, H₂O₂ dose 1 mmol/L (FCP) and 100 mmol/L (ICP). The highest decolourization rates were obtained for dye concentrations 50 mg/L (FCP) and 80 mg/L (ICP). Under optimal conditions, the FCP was able to decolorize more than 87% of the dye within 2 min. While with ICP, the decolourization yield was 75% within 15 min. The decolourization and removal of DY106 was proved by UV-Vis analysis. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis was also performed on DY106 and enzymatic treatment precipitated byproduct.     

Fe2O3 particles as superior catalysts for low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3

Fe203 particle catalysts were experimentally studied in the low temperature selective catalytic reduction （SCR） of NO with NH3. The effects of reaction temperature, oxygen concentration, [NH3]/[NO] molar ratio and residence time on SCR activity were studied. It was found that Fe203 catalysts had high activity for the SCR of NO with NH3 in a broad temperature range of 150-270℃, and more than 95% NO conversion was obtained at 180℃ when the molar ratio [NH3]/[NO] = 1, the residence time was 0.48 seconds and 02 volume fraction was 3%. In addition, the effect of SO2 on SCR catalytic activity was also investigated at the temperature of 180℃. The results showed that deactivation of the Fe2O3 particles occurred due to the presence of SO2 and the NO conversion decreased from 99.2% to 58% in 240 min, since SO2 gradually decreased the catalytic activity of the catalysts. In addition, X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the fresh and deactivated Fe2O3 catalysts. The results showed that the deactivation caused by SO2 was due to the formation of metal sulfates and ammonium sulfates on the catalyst surface during the de-NO reaction, which could cause pore plugging and result in suppression of the catalytic activity.     

固相萃取-红外分光光度法测定水中的总油

建立了固相萃取(SPE)-红外分光光度测定水中总油的方法,并对固相萃取条件进行了优化,实验表明,对于1L添加2mg标准油的水样,其总油的回收率为86%-93%,多次重复实验测定的相对标准偏差为2.9%(n=6)。