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31.
南极菲尔德斯半岛近岸海洋生物体有机锡污染状况 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在南极地区已发现丁基锡污染,但有关苯基锡污染及有机锡在食物链中的传递等相关研究尚未见报道.为此,自2014年12月—2015年1月从南极菲尔德斯半岛周边采集了20种海洋生物共32个混合样品(即由多个同种生物个体混合而成),经甲醇/醋酸提取、四乙基硼化钠衍生和弗洛里硅土柱净化等过程处理后,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对样品中一丁基锡(MBT)、二丁基锡(DBT)、三丁基锡(TBT)、二苯基锡(DPhT)和三苯基锡(TPhT)进行测定,并讨论了不同有机锡化合物在食物链中的传递特征.结果表明:海藻、无脊椎动物、鱼类、海豹、鸟类中有机锡含量分别为n.d.~19.5、8.6~11.0、10.8、4.2~12.9、21.6~27.0 ng·g~(-1)(以Sn计,若未注明均以干重计),生物样品中TBT、DBT、TPhT、DPhT均有检出,而MBT均未检出;大型海藻对TBT、DBT有一定富集能力,且TBT一定程度上表现出随营养级生物放大效应;TBT和TPhT在食物链顶端含量最高,同时发现高营养级的生物具有排出部分有机锡的能力. 相似文献
32.
Bacterial diversity in Fez tanneries and Morocco’s Binlamdoune River,
using 16S RNA gene based fingerprinting 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The response of bacteria to various carbohydrates in the deep-sea sediments and the Antarctic soils was investigated using cellulose, chitin, and olive oil. It was found that the carbohydrates significantly increased the corresponding specific ectoenzyme activity (β- glucosidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, lipase) in the samples from deep-sea sediments. In the case of Antarctic soil samples, the cellulose or olive oil amendments had minor or no effect on β-glucosidase or lipase activity, except the chitin which stimulated β- N-acetylglucosaminidase production. The responses of the bacteria in the deep-sea sediment sample WP02-3 and the Antarctic soil sample CC-TY2 towards the chitin amendment were further analyzed. Chitin amendments were shown to stimulate the ectoenzyme activity in all the tested sediments and the soils. The bacterial response before and after the carbohydrates amendments were compared by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction. Significant changes were found in the structure and density of the bacterial community in the deep sea sediments as compared to the Antarctic soil sample, where the effects were relatively lower. There was no change in the bacterial population in both studied samples in response to carbohydrates amendments. These data indicate that the bacterial communities in the oligotrophic deep-sea sediments are more dynamic than that in the Antarctic soils as they respond to the nutrient sources efficiently by regulation of ectoenzyme activity and/or changing community structure. 相似文献
33.
Gast n Azziz Mat as Gim nez H ctor Romero Patricia M. Valdespino-Castillo Luisa I. Falc n Lucas A. M. Ruberto Walter P. Mac Cormack Silvia Batista 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(3):44
34.
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The nutraceutical market for EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is promoting fishing for Euphasia superba (Antarctic krill) in the Southern Ocean and Calanus finmarchicus in Norwegian waters. This industry argues that these species are underexploited, but they are essential in their ecosystems, and climate change is altering their geographical distribution. In this perspective, we advocate the cessation of fishing for these species to produce nutraceuticals with EPA and DHA. We argue that this is possible because, contrary to what this industry promotes, the benefits of these fatty acids only seem significant to specific population groups, and not for the general population. Next, we explain that this is desirable because there is evidence that these fisheries may interact with the impact of climate change. Greener sources of EPA and DHA are already available on the market, and their reasonable use would ease pressure on the Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems. 相似文献
36.
Fei Liu 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2017,15(4):357-364
This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 1251 articles related to Antarctic krill from 1960 to2015, based on the Core Collection in Thomson Reuters' Web of Science. We analyzed the results from four aspects: annual distribution, Web of Science categories and the major journals, international collaboration and author keywords. The Antarctic krill research has developed rapidly since 1978, with an increasing article output. The studies mostly focused on the fields of marine and freshwater biology, oceanography, and ecology. Polar Biology, Marine Ecology-Progress Series and Deep-Sea Research Part Ⅱ-Topical Studies in Oceanography, were the top three journals to publish the Antarctic krill-related papers. Although Russia is the earliest state to report Antarctic krill, U.S.A. and England were leaders with the largest output quantity and the highest cooperation frequencies. The researches in PR China have taken a blooming since 2009 and will play a more and more important role in the world. The frequencies of author keywords were counted. The high-frequency keywords were further divided into four groups with cohesive subgroup analysis, which suggested the major themes. This paper depicts the existing publications on Antarctic krill. Our goal is to serve a point of reference and provide the direction for the future work. 相似文献
37.
南极普里兹湾与太平洋、印度洋海水中90Sr和137Cs的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过对太平洋、印度洋、南极普里北湾表层海水中^90Sr、^137Cs的分析,可以看出北半球放射必疹高于南半球。南极海域活度最你荒废 域人工放射性核素仍与大气沉降有关。全球人工放性活度吾下降趋势,但各海区下降的程度不同。南极普里兹湾夏季深层水的通升是影响该海区放射性水平的一个重要因素。局部区域的人工放射必不知 度与采样时间和地理位置有关。 相似文献
38.
Elemental composition of surface waters in the Antarctic Peninsula and interactions with the environment 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The fast changes in chemical and biological properties of many coastal and inland waters in the last decades reflect the pressure of man on the environment. The surface waters of the Antarctic Peninsula, located far from industrial or populated areas, could eventually be used as background lines. Surface water samples were taken from five lagoons of King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, and from the Kitiesh Lake. Sample pH and electrical conductivity were analysed in situ and in the laboratory, respectively. The dissolved fractions were analysed in 1997 and 1998. Total concentrations only for 1998 were determined in another fraction adjusted to pH 2. Aluminium, Ca, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Bi, and Pb were quantified in all samples by means of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Total and dissolved elemental concentrations were discussed considering the composition of particulate material suspended in the waters removed by streams or by water runoff, or from atmospheric aerosols. Concentrations of dissolved elements change from one lagoon to another. Total and dissolved elemental concentrations could be related to water movement by windstorms, to chemical mechanisms in water and/or to natural and anthropogenic atmospheric factors. 相似文献
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40.
Biogeochemical cycles of selenium in Antarctic water 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BiogeochemicalcyclesofseleniuminAntarcticwater¥XiaWeiping(DepartmentofOceanography,OldDominionUniversity,Norfolk,VA23529,USA)... 相似文献