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81.
Comprehensive monitoring technique based on electromagnetic radiation and its applications to mine pressure 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Strata pressures are common potential troubles during coal mining, serious ones can cause great catastrophe. This paper presents a new comprehensive electromagnetic radiation (EMR) monitoring technique to monitor and predict these disasters. In this paper, we studied the relationship of EMR emitted by various, uniaxially loaded, coal rock samples (coal, rock, roof-coal-floor composite) in their whole deformation and failure processes to the applied loads, and found that EMR signal is linearly related to the applied loads, while the number of EMR pulses is a third power function of the applied loads. Therefore, EMR signal is capable of reflecting the stress (load) state, deformation and fracture strength, and internal stress state of coal rock mass. Based on the above, we proposed three methods for measuring rock pressure distribution, periodic pressure, and internal stress distribution of coal rock mass on working faces, and conducted field measurements and verifications. The results showed that (i) EMR has a certain correspondence to support resistance of working faces, and can reflect more accurately the face pressure distribution; (ii) in the mining impacted area located within 100 m in the front of working face, the stress distribution has unimodal and bimodal forms; (iii) EMR signal changes periodically with periodic pressure, and can be used to qualitatively observe and evaluate periodic pressure; (iv) tested with antenna in the borehole into coal rock mass, EMR signal can effectively reflect the internal stress distribution and shifting, which was verified by using traditional drilling cuttings method. In addition, EMR can also be used to check the effect of destress blasting as one of the emergency measures. In conclusion, the results are of practical significance for using EMR to monitor rock pressure and guiding safe underground mining. 相似文献
82.
This paper addresses the distribution and occurrence of harmful organic substances in coal gangue dump from Jiulong Coal Mine
and its influence on the environment. The samples were taken from the coal gangue dump and coal waste water stream and analyzed
by organic geochemical methods. The results indicate that the coal gangues contain abundant harmful organic substances like
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The TOC and sulfur contents of the samples are much higher than those of the background
sample except Sample JL7. The contents of organic bulk parameters are relatively high. Ten carcinogenic PAHs were identified
and these harmful organic substances have influenced the surrounding area. Along the waste water stream, organic substances
pollute at least 1,800 m far from the coal gangue dump. 相似文献
83.
84.
煤矿企业清洁生产效益模糊综合评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
煤矿企业推行并坚持实施清洁生产的动力是效益。但这一效益究竟如何,成为亟待研究的科学问题。本文运用模糊评价法开展对该问题的试探性研究。从经济、环境、社会效益3个方面选用18个评价指标,构成煤矿企业清洁生产效益评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定指标权重系数并建立模糊综合评价模型,并进行了应用实例评估,最后用具体数值量化了实施清洁生产后的煤矿企业综合效益情况,得到解决问题的初步结论。 相似文献
85.
Poul Johansen Martin Munk Hansen Gert Asmund Palle Bo Nielsen 《Chemistry and Ecology》1991,5(1):35-55
In monitoring the impact of a lead-zinc mine in Greenland, species of fish, prawns, seaweed and mussels have been analysed for cadmium, copper, lead and zinc for several years. These metals have been released to the marine environment in significant amounts from the mining operation. 相似文献
86.
矿山地质灾害及其对策 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本文就矿山开发所产生的各种环境地质灾害及其对策进行了扼要介绍,并列举了国内外有关灾害实例加以论证。 相似文献
87.
矿井热害产生的原因、危害及防治措施 总被引:19,自引:3,他引:16
陈安国 《中国安全科学学报》2004,14(8):3-6
随着矿井开采深度的增加 ,矿井中高温高湿热害问题会越来越严重。笔者分析了矿井中高温高湿热害产生的具体原因、对人体的严重危害 ,并探讨了对其防治的相应措施 ,建立井下适宜的作业环境 ,保护矿工的身体健康 ,保证矿山生产安全、稳定、高效地向前发展。笔者旨在提醒人们对矿井中高温高湿热害这个问题引起重视 ,尽量减少其对人体的危害 ,采取一切有效办法 ,尽快解决矿井中高温高湿热害问题 相似文献
88.
矿井水中微量油测试的几个问题探讨 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
矿井水中的油由于含量较低且水质特殊,一般较难测准。本文提出了在测试矿井水中微量油时存在的一些问题,如分析方法的选择、标准油、空白水样及水中悬浮物对测试结果的影响等,并提出了解决这些问题的措施。 相似文献
89.
90.
采用逐步多元回归和主成分分析的方法研究了德兴铜矿周边土壤中重金属和土壤酶活性的关系.结果表明:德兴铜矿周边各功能区均受到不同程度的Cu、Cd污染,Pb、Zn未超过《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618--1995)二级标准;各功能区土壤酶活性有显著差别,逐步回归分析表明土壤酶活性与Cu、Zn全量、生物可利用态Cu含量有显著线性关系,而与Cd、Pb无明显相关;土壤酶活性和生物可利用态Cu呈负线性关系,而与残渣态Cu有正线性关系.主成分分析显示,土壤酶信息系统的第1、第2主成分可反映酶活性总变异的96.27%,根据第1主成分对功能区酶活性的分类结果与土壤生物可利用态Cu含量的分类结果基本一致,提示土壤酶活性指标可以反映土壤生物可利用态Cu含量. 相似文献