变电站大气环境腐蚀参数自动检测仪研制及应用

目的通过自主研发的大气环境腐蚀参数自动检测仪,监测并积累变电站大气腐蚀数据,判断大气腐蚀性,为变电站选择腐蚀与防护手段,提供数据支持和依据。方法依据变电站大气腐蚀研究的最新理论成果,参考最新国家标准,将影响变电站腐蚀因素的各参数整合,选择国内外最先进的传感器,根据实际工况要求,研制了一台基于变电站环境的大气腐蚀参数检测仪。结果仪器的各项技术指标均达到设计要求,能够满足现场要求,可以根据变电站设备材质要求,定制腐蚀传感器。结论通过在国家大气腐蚀网站(沈阳站)、浙江电力公司所属变电站的测试,研制的大气环境腐蚀参数自动检测仪能够实时采集影响腐蚀的各影响因子的参数值,满足未来腐蚀监测仪器、装备多参数、智能化的要求。     

造纸废水处理过程的高斯过程回归软测量建模

针对造纸废水处理系统的时变性、非线性和复杂性等特点,本文提出一种基于高斯过程回归的软测量模型.基于平方指数协方差、线性协方差和周期性协方差函数组合构建了7种高斯过程回归模型,分别对出水化学需氧量和出水悬浮固形物浓度进行回归预测.此外,还对比了多元线性回归模型、主成分回归模型、偏最小二乘模型、人工神经网络模型和高斯回归模型的预测效果.对比计算结果表明无论是对输出变量的训练拟合还是预测,高斯过程回归模型的拟合效果均优于非高斯过程回归模型.高斯过程回归模型的预测结果表明：对于出水化学需氧量,线性协方差函数与周期性协方差函数的组合模型可以取得最好的预测结果;对于出水悬浮固形物,平方指数协方差函数与线性协方差函数组合模型可以取得最好的预测结果.     

基于改进FWA-NN的污水处理过程溶解氧浓度预测

为实现对污水处理过程溶解氧质量浓度的实时准确预测,提出了一种改进的混沌烟花混合优化算法并构建了基于改进算法的神经网络在线软测量模型.结合污水处理过程的数据特征,定义了一项新的样本相似度衡量指标用于提取更具代表性的建模数据.在改进算法中,为提高基本烟花算法初始成员的质量,定义了一种改进的两级正弦混沌映射并利用混沌运动的遍历性精选烟花算法的初始群成员;通过融合混沌算法改进了基本烟花算法的搜索机制,基于设定准则将寻优过程分为两阶段并采用两分群同时进行.测试结果表明改进算法的收敛速度和收敛精度有较大程度提高.将改进的软测量建模方法和样本数据提取方法用于污水处理过程溶解氧质量浓度软测量建模,应用结果表明该模型的均方根误差和平均泛化误差分别为0.0175和0.0118,具有较强的泛化性能.     

基于智能手机采集数据的施工活动识别

施工人员的活动监控对施工安全管理及预防职业疾病至关重要。为提升施工安全的智能化管理水平,对楼板钢筋工程施工中的8个主要活动进行识别。为弥补单一传感技术采集维度不足的缺陷和集成传感技术对系统灵活性的限制,采用智能手机内置加速度传感器和陀螺仪采集试验人员模拟施工人员活动时的加速度和倾角数据,并提取平均值、标准差、协方差、四分位距(IQR)为活动的特征矢量。通过决策树中的CART算法建立分类训练模型,采用“交叉验证法”对模型进行评估和验证。测试结果表明:对于样本个体的平均分类准确率为95.28%,预测准确率为92.86%;样本总体的分类准确率为89.67%,预测准确率为94.82%。研究表明,基于智能手机采集数据的决策树模型可以用于施工人员的活动识别。     

基于压电传感板的建筑疏散照明技术

在当今世界,电力、能源和安全是人们日常生活的基本要求。为了应对日益增长的能源需求,最终的解决办法是实施可再生能源,然后将其用于人类的安全。可再生能源需要以它们各自正确的方式实施。研究基于压电传感器片的迈步发电装置,并演示了如何利用这些能量实现建筑物疏散照明。我们在传感器的下方和顶部分别固定了木板和可移动网螺栓,利用压电传感器系统,行人可以通过迈步向发电装置施加电能,另外,将硅凝胶粘贴在位于下部木板空洞中的所有传感器顶部。当有人踩到板上时,就会自动施加压力。在木板的顶部和底部设置了一个孔,以便随时调整在底部和顶板之间安装的可移动网螺栓。烟雾传感器用于启动灯光。使用这种设备,我们实现了建筑物疏散路径上的LED灯正常运行。结果表明,这种安全发电的设计和方法具有一定的实用价值,同时也满足了全球对能源的需求。     

遗传禁忌搜索的能量均衡深井安全监测WSN分簇路由算法

针对深井巷道无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks，WSN）安全监测中节点能量消耗不均匀导致网络生命周期较短的问题，在分析低功耗自适应集簇分层型算法（Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy，LEACH）、遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm，GA）和禁忌搜索算法（Tabu Search Algorithm，TS）的基础上，提出遗传禁忌搜索的能量均衡深井安全监测WSN分簇路由算法（GTSR-EB），以分簇方式来减少数据发送量与寻优开销，利用优化GA算法和TS算法进行多路径搜索以选出一条能耗均衡、路径传输距离最短的最优路径。仿真实验表明:GTSR-EB算法网络存活周期为LEACH算法的2.17倍、GA算法的1.18倍，GTSR-EB网络能量利用率更高、生存周期更长。     

Electroactive polyamide modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of ascorbic acid

Construction electroactive polyamide (EPA) with aniline-pentamer-based in the main chain has been modified on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE) for detecting ascorbic acid (AA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies confirm the well-defined molecular structure of the oligoaniline and EPA. Further, the in situ chemical oxidation of EPA was monitored by UV-Visible absorption spectrum. The electroactivity of the EPA was evaluated by performing electrochemical cyclic voltammetry study. The sensing response studies have revealed that this EPA-modified CPE electrode can detect AA in the range of 0.05–0.7 mM with detection limit of 0.005 mM and sensitivity of 1.5 × 10^–5 AmM^–1. Besides, this EPA-modified CPE electrode shows a minimal relative standard deviation of 1.73%.     

基于电磁感应和位移传感原理的电梯门锁啮合长度检测研究

电梯门锁锁紧元件啮合状态可靠性是确保电梯门系统安全运行的重要保障。针对现有电梯门锁啮合长度检验方法存在的测量精度不足、自动化程度低、通用性不强等问题,提出了一种基于传感器的检测方法。分析了电磁感应开关通断检测原理和接触式位移传感工作原理,在此基础上开发了门锁啮合长度检測装置,并介绍了使用该装置的检验步骤。实测结果表明:该检验方法和检验装置可以实现门锁啮合长度的快速准确检验,数据可重复性高。     

Highly sensitive and selective determination of malathion in vegetable extracts by an electrochemical sensor based on Cu-metal organic framework

Abstract

This article demonstrates the first application of a copper-based porous coordination polymer (BTCA-P-Cu-CP) as a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modifier for the detection of malathion. The electrochemical behavior of BTCA-P-Cu-CP/CPE was explored using cyclic voltammetry (CV) while chrono-amperometry methods were applied for the analytical evaluation of the sensor performance. Under optimized conditions, the developed sensor exhibited high reproducibility, stability, and wide dynamic range (0.6–24?nM) with the limits of detection and sensitivity equal to 0.17?nM and 5.7 µAnMcm^?1, respectively, based on inhibition signal measurement. Furthermore, the presence of common coexisting interfering species showed a minor change in signals (<4.4%). The developed sensor has been applied in the determination of malathion in spiked vegetable extracts. It exhibited promising results in term of fast and sensitive determination of malathion in real samples at trace level with recoveries of 91.0 to 104.4%. (RSDs < 5%, n?=?3). A comparison of the two studied techniques showed that the HPLC technique is unable to detect malathion when the concentration is lower than 1.8?µM while 0.006 µM is detected with appropriate RSDs 0.2–5.2% (n?=?3) by amperometric method. Due to the high sensitivity and selectivity, this new electrochemical sensor will be useful for monitoring trace malathion in real samples.     

Application of integrated micro sensor in internal measurement of high temperature fuel cell

This study developed an integrated (flow, voltage, and temperature) micro sensor using the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. It was inserted into the high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) for local real-time measurement. The integrated micro sensor is made of 40 µm thick stainless steel base material, and its protective layer is formed by polyimide (PI) that has better temperature resistance. The integrated micro sensor has three functions, and is favorably characterized by small size, good acid resistance and temperature resistance, quick response, real-time measurement, and being able to be put in any place for measurement. After calibration, and its reliability confirmed, the integrated micro sensor is inserted into the HT-PEMFC for local microcosmic measurement.