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91.
中国环境影响评价(EIA)中的公众参与 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
探讨了中国在环境保护领域中公众参与的政治法律背景、社会机制和优缺点等理论问题,分析了中国EIA以及公众参与的形式、内容发生模转变的驱动对发展和加强中国的公众参与提出了一些对策建议。 相似文献
92.
93.
论战略环境评价中的公众参与 总被引:31,自引:0,他引:31
介绍了公众参与对于战略环境评价 ( SEA)的意义 ;着重分析了 SEA中公众参与实施的关键环节 :即公众参与者界定 ,公众参与内容 ,公众参与时机 ,公众参与方式及公众参与反馈信息处理 ,并阐述了 SEA中公众参与的局限性。 相似文献
94.
试论区域环境影响评价的有效性和公众参与 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简述了区域环境影响评价的特点,着重讨论了RELA有效性的影响因素和限制条件;通过论述REIA和公众参与的含义,内容以及扩大公众参与的建议等,提出公众参与对提高REIA有效性的积极作用。 相似文献
95.
The case is made in this paper for early and integrative public participation in planning decisions concerning proposals major
development in the zone. This is perhaps easy to subscribe to in theory but much more difficult in practice. Currently the
extent and timing of public involvement in such decisions varies widely. A key benefit is the legitimacy that public participation
provides to the planning process and, perhaps as a result, a variety of public involvement methodologies have emerged. Important
considerations include which sections of the public to involve and at what stage in the decision-making process to involve
them. The multidisciplinary nature of coastla zone issues will tend to engage a wide variety of stakeholder groups who in
turn will influence the topics for discussion. A major port expansion proposal in the UK is used to illustrate a range of
ways in which the public can be involved. The case study also highlights that public participation is an uncertain science,
and to be successful can require skilled personnel and significant resources. The papper concludes that more guidance for
developers, some standardisation of public involvement, training for facilitatiors and a more responsible stance from some
environmental pressure groups would be advantageous. The complexity of coastal decision-making, tensions between science and
policy, and the inter-dependency of coastal activities mutually reinforce the view that inclusive participation is an important
issue for all coastal communities. 相似文献
96.
解决中国农村环境保护信息非对称性的方法探索 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
基于对世界银行项目——“中国乡镇工业企业环境行为研究”的子项目“乡镇工业企业污染控制报告制度研究”在江苏省丹阳市的实施过程的研究,发现污染控制报告会在乡镇环境管理中有着良好的社会效益、经济效益和环境效益,不失为一种解决农村环境保护信息非对称性的优选方法。 相似文献
97.
Strategic investment in reputation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dirk?SemmannEmail author Hans-Jürgen?Krambeck Manfred?Milinski 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2004,56(3):248-252
Although collective efforts are common in both animal and human societies, many human and probably animal social dilemmas have no obvious cooperative solution, which is a challenge for evolutionary biologists. In public goods games, i.e. the experimental paradigm for studying the sustainability of a public resource with human subjects, initial cooperation usually declines quickly. Recently, it has been shown that the interaction with another social game in which good reputation attracts help, can maintain a high level of cooperation in the public goods game. Here we show experimentally that humans use different strategies in the public goods game conditional on whether the player knows that his decisions will be either known or unknown in another social game. The knowledge of being recognized as the same individual in both scenarios motivates players to invest in their reputation and thus sustain the public resource. However, cooperation declines immediately when individual identities switch from being recognizable to being unrecognizable between the two interacting games.Communicated by M. Borgerhoff-Mulder 相似文献
98.
通过对满足选点标准的5个调查点和7个空气质量质控对照点,一年四个季度每季度抽样5d以上连续自动监测环境空气质量的科研性监测方式,共获取各类有效数据约20万个,从而以定量的方式确定了重庆市主要公共集会场所,交通道路和风景旅游区的环境空气质量水平。 相似文献
99.
关于建立工业企业环境行为信息公开化制度的几个问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了工业企业地为信息公开化制度在中国环境管理和政策创新中的重要意义和作用,对工业企业环境行为信息公开化内容、指标体系和标准等进行了分析,并结合镇江市的经济、社会和环境状况作实例分析,提出了进一步完善该制度的建议。 相似文献
100.
Further studies on the influence of zeolite type A on metal transfer in the activated sludge process
Investigations were carried out to determine the effect of zeolite type A on metal removal by activated sludge using laboratory activated sludge simulations. They were operated at constant aerator sludge age and settler surface loading. Different concentrations of raw zeolite and zeolite extracted from washing powder (0, 15, 30, 60, 120 mgl?1) were introduced into the simulations. The zeolite was added at two degrees of calcium exchanged for sodium, 25 and 75% of the maximum exchange capacity. Metals were added at concentrations typical of mixed domestic-industrial waste waters. The results show that there was no adverse effect on metal removal by the laboratory activated sludge simulations in the presence of zeolite type A. 相似文献