Degradation of atrazine using solar driven fenton-like advanced oxidation processes

Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) was degraded using cobalt-peroximonosulfate (Co/PMS) advanced oxidation process (AOP). Three Co concentrations (0.00, 0.25 and 0.50 mM) and five peroximonosulfate (PMS) concentrations (0, 5, 8, 16 and 32 mM) were tested. Maximum degradation reached was 88% using dark Co/PMS in 126 minutes when 0.25 mM of cobalt and 32 mM of PMS were used. Complete atrazine degradation was achieved when the samples were irradiated by the sun under the same experimental conditions described. Tests for identification of intermediate products allowed identification and quantification of deethylatrazine in both dark and radiated conditions. Kinetic data for both processes was calculated fitting a pseudo-first order reaction rate approach to the experimental data. Having kinetic parameters enabled comparison between both conditions. It was found that the kinetic approach describes data behavior appropriately (R² ≥ 0.95). Pseudo-kinetic constants determined for both Co/PMS processes, show k value of 10^?4 for Co/PMS and a k value of 10^?3 for Co/PMS/ultraviolet (UV). This means, that, with the same Co/PMS concentrations, UV light increases the reaction rate by around one order of magnitude than performing the reaction under dark conditions.     

海南昌江石碌钴铜矿尾矿库重金属污染环境现状调查

为了解海南省昌江县石碌镇钴铜矿尾矿库环境特点,分别采集了矿砂、背景土壤、废水、纳污水体和植物进行分析。结果表明,钴铜矿尾矿库的土壤受As和Cu污染严重,周边土壤受到不同程度的重金属污染;废水经过尾矿库沉淀处理后,SS、As、Cu、Co、Fe等监测指标均有所降低,尾矿库起到沉淀吸附处理作用;纳污河流石碌河水质良好;尾矿库内自然生长的菖蒲和水竹均受到重金属不同程度污染,尾矿库内的甘蔗中Cr、Pb含量均超过食品中污染物限量标准,表明尾矿库内不宜种植可食用作物。     

废弃绿茶对水溶液中Co2+的吸附研究

利用废弃绿茶叶粉末(简称茶叶末)作为吸附剂,考察了pH、温度、时间等对水溶液中Co2+的影响。结果表明:(1)茶叶末对Co2+的吸附量随着pH的上升而上升,其中pH=5.50为最佳。茶叶末对Co2+的吸附量均随时间延长呈现上升趋势,吸附速度先快后慢,吸附最佳时间为90min。(2)不同温度下,茶叶末对Co2+的吸附较好地符合Langmuir模型。该吸附过程是化学离子交换过程,主要发生在重金属离子与羟基、氨基的氢原子之间。(3)茶叶末对Co2+的吸附是自发、放热过程,降温有利于吸附,反应时吸附界面上的混乱度增加。(4)盐酸是很好的解吸介质,解吸率为92.65%。通过灼烧(或燃烧)可以回收水溶液中绝大部分的Co2+,不仅减小了对环境的污染,而且节约了资源。     

再谈废催化剂中金属的回收

介绍了含钯,钴,钼,钨的废催化剂的来源及从废催化剂中回收上述金属的工艺。     

重庆南山酸雨与马尾松衰亡的关系

1985—1986年对重庆南山马尾松林衰亡与酸雨的关系进行了研究。四个月的雨水监测表明南山酸雨况情严重。酸雨频率百分之百,平均pH4.2—4.4,最低pH3.6—4.0。土壤酸化程度较重(pH3.7—4.0)。土壤酸化的主要原因是酸雨的输入。濒死树针叶中锰和钴元素大为减少,与土壤中这两种元素的减少相对应。濒死树针叶中铝大量积累,土壤中活性铝增多和铝钙比增大。初步肯定酸雨是南山马尾松衰亡的重要原因之一。     

Simultaneous removing SO2 and NO by a new system containing cobalt complex

Absorption and catalytic oxidation of nitric oxide can be achieved by using cobalt（Ⅲ） ethylenediamine （Co（en）3^3＋. When simultaneous absorbing SO2 and NO, the precipitation of Co2（SO3）3 will be yielded and the NO removal will be decreased. A new catalyst system using Co（en）3^3＋ coupled with urea has been developed to simultaneous remove NO and SO2 in the flue gas. NO is absorbed and catalytically oxidized to nitrite and nitrate by Co（en）3^3＋. The dissolved oxygen in scrubbing solution from the feed stream acts as oxidant. Urea restrains the precipitation of Co2（SO3）3 by oxidizing SO3^2-to SO4^2- as COSO4 is more soluble in water. The experimental results proved that nearly all SO3^2- can be oxidized to SO4^2- and the high NO and SO2 removal could be obtained with the new system. The NO removal is influenced by gas flow rate, the concentration of Co（en）3^3＋ and urea in the absorption solution, the temperature of the scrubbing solution and the content of oxygen in the flue gas. The low gas flow rate is favorable to increase the NO removal. The experiments proved that the NO removal could be maintained at more than 95% by the system of 0.02 mol/L Co（en）3^3＋ and 1% urea at 50℃ with 10% O2 in the flue gas.     

强辐射环境下电子系统抗辐射技术研究

随着核工业、航天航空等行业的发展,目标定位系统是相关设施日常运行、维护、事故应急处理的重要技术基础,是目前高技术研究的热点领域,该系统的抗辐射能力是决定其正常工作前提。通过实验对钴60强辐射环境下摄像机、控制电路的抗辐射性能研究,确认了电子系统中摄像机、单片机、晶闸管等器件的损坏主要是由辐照累计量决定。并设计了一个目标定位系统的屏蔽体,经过实验检验,防护后系统工作时间可延长2~4倍。     

放射性核素60Co在土壤中的淋溶和迁移分布

采用模拟土柱法及同位素示踪技术研究了60Co在2种淹水土壤(小粉土、黄红壤)中的淋溶和垂直迁移.结果表明,淋溶后收集到的全部淋溶水中60Co的含量较少,小粉土及黄红壤淋溶水中60Co分别为总活度的5.61%和5.25%;滞留于土壤中的60Co绝大部分分布在土壤表层0~1.0cm范围内,小粉土及黄红壤中分别有69.74%~78.63%和75.77%~86.84%的60Co 滞留于0~1.0cm土层范围内;土壤中60Co 比活度与距土壤表层深度分布呈单项指数规律.     

Control of hydrogen sulphide in digestor gas using iron salts

Different dosages of ferrous chloride and ferric chloride were added to digestors separately, and the volumes of methane and hydrogen sulphide contained in the digestor gas (biogas) were monitored. It was noted that the effects of adding of 16, 18 and 32 kg ferrous chloride/ tonne volatile solids, and 16 and 18 kg ferric chloride/tonne volatile solids were similarly effective in controlling the hydrogen sulphide levels.

According to an average amount of undigested sludge (primary sludge mixed with surplus activated sludge) of 41 tonne volatile solids produced each day during the sewage treatment process in Shatin sewage treatment works, and the required dosage of 16 kg ferric chloride/ tonne volatile solids, the amount of iron salts required should be 656 kg/day or 3.3 mg/L for the actual application, based on an average sewage flow of 200,000 m³/day.     

提高昆钢生活饮用水供水水质分析

《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB5749—2006）对供水水质提出更加严格的要求。对新标准主要特点和基本要求、昆钢生活饮用水供应现状及面临的主要问题进行了分析,立足现有工艺条件和设施,探讨了提高昆钢生活饮用水供水水质的方法措施。