Mesoporous molecular sieve-based materials for catalytic oxidation of VOC: A review

As the main contributor of the formation of particulate matter as well as ozone, volatile organic compounds(VOCs) greatly affect human health and the environmental quality. Catalytic combustion/oxidation has been viewed as an efficient, economically feasible and environmentally friendly way for the elimination of VOCs. Supported metal catalyst is the preferred type of catalysts applied for VOCs catalytic combustion because of the synergy between active components and support as well as its flexi...     

半导体光催化降解气态三氯甲烷的研究

以１５Ｗ主波长为２５４ｎｍ的紫外杀菌灯为光源，锐钛型二氧化钛为催化剂、能够使气态三氯甲烷发生半导体光催化降解反应。空气流量和光强对反应有较大影响。反应产物中氯离子和氢离子浓度基本相符。     

厨房垃圾处理的工艺试验

采用高温好氧法对厨房垃圾进行了处理，测定了温度、ＣＯＤ、含水率、重量对反应过程的影响，结果表明，当通风量为０．２ｍ＾３／ｈ，加料量小于０．６ｋｇ／ｄ，反就时间短，且各参数均达到平衡。     

2．4－二硝基甲苯在水中的光化学反应

本文研究了２．４－二硝基甲苯在纯水、江水、含腐殖质纯水及合过氧化氢纯水中的光化学反应．结果表明：在影响２．４－二硝基甲苯光化学反应的因素中，过氧化氢影响最大，腐殖质次之，ｐＨ值影响最小．研究了２．４－二硝基甲苯在江水、含腐殖质纯水及合过氧化氢的纯水中光化学反应的机理．应用高压液相色谱鉴定了中间产物２．４－二硝基苯甲酸的存在．表明２．４－二硝基甲苯的光化学反应为侧链甲基光化学反应．     

Role of water on the H-abstraction from methanol by ClO

The influence of a single water molecule on the reaction mechanism and kinetics of hydrogen abstraction from methanol(CH_3OH) by the ClO radical has been investigated using ab initio calculations. The reaction proceeds through two channels: abstraction of the hydroxyl H-atom and methyl H-atom of CH_3OH by ClO, leading to the formation of CH_3O + HOCl(+H_2O) and CH_2OH + HOCl(+H_2O), respectively. In both cases, pre-and post-reactive complexes were located at the entrance and exit channel on the potential energy surfaces. Results indicate that the formation of CH_2OH + HOCl(+H_2O) is predominant over the formation of CH_3O + HOCl(+H_2O),with ambient rate constants of 3.07 × 10-19 and 3.01 × 10~(-23) cm~3/(molecule·sec), respectively, for the reaction without water. Over the temperature range 216.7–298.2K, the presence of water is seen to effectively lower the rate constants for the most favorable pathways by 4–6 orders of magnitude in both cases. It is therefore concluded that water plays an inhibitive role on the CH_3OH + ClO reaction under tropospheric conditions.     

建立和完善人的职业安全“行为模式”

思维、反应、行动,是构成职业安全“行为模式”的基本环节。这些环节运转正常,职业活动就能满足职业安全的需要。为了提高操作者的安全防护能力,有必要分析职业安全“行为模式”的基本特征和要点,认为:1.应努力造就人的“双重性”思维模式,即“识别的双确认,判断的双侧面,应变的双保险”,从根本上控制人为失误。2.完善人的反应模式—一念三思,一变三联,一动三看(即“三·三守则”),保证操作者反射行为的正确导向。3.练就一套稳固、熟练的应变动作系列,防止操作者在职业活动过程中操作变型,机能失调。     

Heavier birds react faster to predators: individual differences in the detection of stalking and ambush predators

The relationship between body mass and reactions speed in response to a predatory threat is poorly understood. Theory predicts that different vigilance patterns are optimal for the detection of different predator types. We suggest that birds of different individual state might also differ in their speed of response dependent upon predator type. We used laboratory trials of wild caught chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) to determine how between individual differences in chaffinch behaviour and state correlate with latency to react to a ground predator model (domestic cat), thus providing a comparison with previous work in the same model system using aerial predator models. In experiment 1, we observed chaffinch responses to a moving cat model, simulating a stalking predator. In experiment 2, we used a camouflaged cat model simulating an ambush predator. Both experiments show evidence suggesting heavier individuals (which previous literature has linked to impaired flight performance) responded more quickly to the model cat. Heavier individuals also had shorter interscan intervals. In contrast to a previous study, both experiments found individuals with a higher intake rate were not faster at responding to the cat model. In addition, individuals in experiment 1 that head turned more while scanning were slower to respond to the stalking cat model. Our work suggests that although heavier individuals may have impaired escape performance they appear to show behavioural compensation by allocating more attention to anti-predator behaviour and by modifying their interscan intervals, resulting in faster response times to a ground predator. We suggest more experiments investigating response time to different predatory types and explicitly manipulating state to elucidate cause and effect.     

燃烧过程氮氧化物系统中反应和传递模型研究进展

氮氧化物是空气中主要污染物之一,随着计算燃烧学迅速发展,氮氧化物(NOx)生成反应和传递过程的模拟在燃烧反应器设计工作中所起的作用越来越重要,如何建立合理而经济的预测模型,是其中的关键问题之一。根据国内外的研究现状,本文对燃烧过程氮氧化物系统中的反应和传递模型研究进展进行了评述,讨论了各个模型的优点和不足,并提出了NOx预测模型今后的发展方向。     

河水BOD1～20与反应速率常数K的初探

实验证明,由于无锡水域中硝化菌的存在,使ＢＯＤ硝化阶段大为提前。因此当水体含氮有机物丰富时,硝化因素应予以重视。     

Characterizing natural degradation of tetrachloroethene (PCE) using a multidisciplinary approach

A site in mid-western Sweden contaminated with chlorinated solvents originating from a previous dry cleaning facility, was investigated using conventional groundwater analysis combined with compound-specific isotope data of carbon, microbial DNA analysis, and geoelectrical tomography techniques. We show the value of this multidisciplinary approach, as the different results supported each interpretation, and show where natural degradation occurs at the site. The zone where natural degradation occurred was identified in the transition between two geological units, where the change in hydraulic conductivity may have facilitated biofilm formation and microbial activity. This observation was confirmed by all methods and the examination of the impact of geological conditions on the biotransformation process was facilitated by the unique combination of the applied methods. There is thus significant benefit from deploying an extended array of methods for these investigations, with the potential to reduce costs involved in remediation of contaminated sediment and groundwater.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01418-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.