液化石油气槽车泄漏处置专用接头套组的应用探讨

针对消防救援车辆缺乏专业堵漏和倒罐装备、应急处置受限等问题,研究采用专用注压接头套组与消防车配合,通过向事故槽车阀门注水加压或惰性气体的方式实施辅助堵漏,能够实现因地制宜、快速有效地解决现场液化石油气大量泄漏的问题,降低事故危害。     

某型飞机4号油箱结构损伤分析及修复评估

目的 某型双座机使用中发现4号油箱存在不同程度结构损伤,分析其损伤原因和制定修理方案。方法 对4号油箱结构状态进行深入检查评估后,从结构损伤过程、载荷情况、设计制造和外场使用等方面综合分析损伤原因。对实际损伤结构进行强度计算和评估,制定结构损伤补强修理方案,并提出修理改进建议。结果 通过分析得出,损伤原因主要是4号油箱局部存在设计制造缺陷,且飞机在作大过载飞行时,4号油箱可能处于满油或大量余油的高负载状态。根据损伤原因制定的修理方案合理可行,通过了静强度校核和评估。结论 基于该损伤结构提出的修理方案通过实际修理验证,能够满足油箱结构强度设计要求,提出的改进建议能够改善飞机疲劳品质。     

FPSO工艺水舱阳极快速消耗原因分析

目的 研究FPSO工艺水舱中铝牺牲阳极消耗过快的原因。方法 参照GB 17848—1999牺牲阳极电化学性能试验方法,对比水舱环境与普通环境下,在役阳极的电化学性能数据,并模拟水舱环境,监测阳极工作时实际的发生电流与工作电位等情况,据此分析牺牲阳极在工艺水舱中消耗过快的原因。结果 在常温（25 ℃）、常温充空气、高温（65 ℃）充空气等条件下,阳极的电化学容量分别是2522.07、2464.29、1943.74 Ah/kg,且高温（65 ℃）充空气环境下阳极的晶间腐蚀较其他两组试验严重许多,说明温度是影响阳极电化学容量的关键因素。在模拟工艺水舱环境下,实测的阳极发生电流最高可达100 mA。将工艺水与海水1:5稀释后,实测的保护电流密度最高达45 mA,说明工艺水中存在大量的去极化剂,是造成阳极快速消耗的又一重要因素。结论 工艺水舱环境下,阳极发生严重的晶间腐蚀,严重影响了阳极的电化学容量,使阳极寿命缩短。工艺水成分中含大量去极化剂,使船舱所需的保护电流密度大大增加,促使阳极发生电流加大,亦缩短了阳极的实际服役寿命。     

外浮顶储罐泡沫灭火设施的选型

分析了外浮顶储罐火灾危险性及火灾类型,对目前泡沫灭火设施在外浮顶储罐中的应用及存在的问题进行阐述,建议外浮顶储罐的泡沫灭火设施采用边缘泡沫消防系统.     

Photochemical oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds in an urban location based on short time monitoring data

This study examines the oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) in urban ambient air. The photochemical conversions of RSC (such as DMS, CS₂, H₂S, DMDS, and CH₃SH) to a further oxidized form (e.g., SO₂, MSA, and H₂SO₄) were assessed using a photochemical box model. For our model simulation of RSC oxidation, measurements were taken at an urban monitoring station in Seoul, Korea (37.6° N, 127° E) during three separate time periods (e.g., Sept. 17–18, Oct. 23, and Oct. 27–28, 2003). The results indicate that DMS and H₂S were the dominant RSCs with concentrations of 370 ± 140 and 110 ± 60 pptv, respectively. The photochemical conversion of DMDS to SO₂ was found to occur more efficiently than other RSCs. The overall results of our study suggest that photochemical conversion of RSCs accounted for less than 15% of the observed SO₂ during the measurement period. The SO₂ production from DMS oxidation (mainly by the reaction with OH) was found to be affected primarily by the abstraction channel due to high NO_x levels during the experimental conditions.     

水温对平流式二沉池运行影响的数值模拟

借助改进的RNG κ-ε两方程湍流模型和简化的多相流混合模型,采用计算流体力学软件Fluent模拟某污水处理厂平流式二沉池在不同水温下的运行效果.通过对比Johnson对水库水温变化的实测数据验证了模型和模拟方法的可靠性.对平流式二沉池的模拟结果表明:不同水温条件下池内水流速度存在相似的分布,在池的下部和上部各存在一个回流区;池内水温降低会造成上部回流区域减小、出水固体颗粒质量浓度增大,从而导致二沉池的颗粒去除率降低;采取增大颗粒粒径、密度和在沉淀池出水口前加设挡板的措施均能有效降低出水固体颗粒质量浓度.     

I-Risk: development of an integrated technical and management risk methodology for chemical installations

This paper presents an integrated quantitative risk assessment method for hazardous installations, taking into account management as well as technical design and producing risk level measures. The key components of the I-Risk methodology are the technical model, the management model and their interface. The technical model consists of developing a master logic diagram (MLD) delineating the major immediate causes of loss of containment (LOC) and associated quantitative models for assessing their frequency. The management model consists of the tasks, which must be carried out systematically in the primary business functions (such as operations, emergency operations, maintenance and modifications). A management audit quantifies the quality of these management tasks. The management–technical interface modifies certain parameters of the technical model on the basis of the quality of the safety management system of the specific installation. The methodology is exemplified through its application to the risk assessment of an ammonia storage facility. A detailed technical model simulating the response of the system to various initiating events is developed along with a detailed management model simulating the influence of the plant-specific management and organisational practices. The overall effect is quantified through the frequency of release of ammonia as a result of a loss of containment in a storage tank and in a pipeline.     

防火防爆用网状金属材料

网状金属材料具有优异的防火防爆性能,良好的机械性能以及缓和燃油冲击等性能。分析了网状金属材料的防火防爆机理,介绍了其应用情况。     

油品运输罐车呼吸阀阻火器设计与应用

针对油品运输罐车呼吸阀难以防火、防爆的安全隐患 ,设计安装油品运输罐车呼吸阀阻火器 ,提高了油品罐车的防火、防爆性能     

气柜施工危险分析及安全对策

茂名炼油厂在新陈2#气柜的施工建设中,对施工危险性进行详细分析,提出了安全对策,采用3#气柜不停产的情况下进行,确保了施工安全.