Estimation of Aerobic Capacity and Determination of Its Associated Factors Among Male Workers of Industrial Sector of Iran

Introduction. The aim of this study was to estimate maximal aerobic capacity (V_O2max), to determine its associated factors among workers of industrial sector of Iran and to develop a regression equation for subjects’ V_O2max. Methods. In this study, 500 healthy male workers employed in Shiraz industries participated voluntarily. The subjects’ V_O2max was assessed with the ergocycle test according to the Åstrand protocol. Required data was collected with a questionnaire covering demographic details (i.e., age, job tenure, marital status, education, nature of work, shift work, smoking and weekly exercises). Results. The subject’s mean V_O2max was 2.69 ± 0.263 L/min. The results showed that there was an association between V_O2max and age, BMI, hours of exercise and smoking, but there was no association between V_O2max and height, weight, nature of work and working schedule. On the basis of the results, regression equations were developed to estimate V_O2max. Conclusion. Final regression equation developed in this study may be used to estimate V_O2max reliably without the need to use other laboratory instruments for aerobic measurement.     

二氧化硫在线监测仪在天然气净化厂的应用

为有效监测天然气净化厂尾气中的SO2浓度,在尾气排放点设置了在线监测仪。文章对SO2在线监测仪的应用环境、工作原理、结构等多个方面进行了介绍,并结合使用中取样探头腐蚀堵塞、测量室污染、处理器电路损坏、取样管路堵塞问题,对SO2在线监测仪的设计、使用提出改进建议。     

南充市城市空气质量变化及达标分析

为了掌握南充市近年来城市空气质量变化及其达标情况,对南充市城区2008～2012年SO2、NO2和PM10的质量浓度数据进行统计分析,并计算各个站点的空气污染指数和空气质量指数。结果表明,3种污染物浓度值都有明显的下降趋势,S02浓度在0．002～0．052mg／m^3之间变化;N02浓度值从0．042mg／m^3下降到0．029mg／m^3;PM10浓度在0．060～0．063mg／m^3之间波动。南充市空气质量冬季较差,夏季较好。在5个监测点中,炼油厂空气质量最差,优良率为92．9％（85．1％）;高坪空气质量最好,优良率为99．1％（98．3％）。相关性分析表明,南充市空气污染源主要是工业燃煤和机动车尾气。     

Treatment of Dichloromethane Using Gliding Arc Plasma

Decomposition of dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) using a gliding plasma was examined and reported in this paper. The effects of initial concentrations of CH₂Cl₂, total gas flow rates, and input frequency have been studied to evaluate the performance of gliding arc on CH₂Cl₂ decomposition. Using atmospheric pressure air as the carrier gas, experimental results indicate that the maximum conversion of CH₂Cl₂ was 95.1% at a total gas flow rate of 180 L/hr containing 1% by volume of CH₂Cl₂. The reaction occurred at an exothermic condition and gaseous products are dominated by CO, CHCl₃, and Cl₂. CO₂ and CCl₄ are also detected in the product stream in small amounts. The conversion of CH₂Cl₂ increases with the increasing applied voltage and decreasing total gas flow rate.     

Techno-Economic Study of CO2 Capture from an Existing Cement Plant Using MEA Scrubbing

Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. Man-made CO₂ emissions contribute approximately 63% of greenhouse gases and the cement industry is responsible for approximately 5% of CO₂ emissions emitting nearly 900 kg of CO₂ per 1000 kg of cement. CO₂ from a cement plant was captured and purified to 98% using the monoethanolamine (MEA) based absorption process. The capture cost was $51 per tonne of CO₂ captured, representing approximately 90% of total cost. Steam was the main operating cost representing 39% of the total capture cost. Switching from coal to natural gas reduces CO₂ emissions by about 18%. At normal load, about 36 MW of waste heat is available for recovery to satisfy the parasitic heat requirements of MEA process; however, it is very difficult to recover.     

Control Issues in the Design of a Gas Turbine Cycle for CO2 Capture

This article is concerned with control issues related to the design of a semi-closed O ₂/CO ₂ gas turbine cycle for CO ₂ capture. Some control strategies and their interaction with the process design are discussed. One control structure is implemented on a dynamic simulation model using a predictive controller, and simulations assess the performance and compare its merits with a conventional PI structure. The results indicate that it can be advantageous for operability to allow a varying (as opposed to fixed) compressor inlet pressure, at the cost of a more expensive design. Furthermore, the results show that a predictive controller has some advantages with respect to the simpler conventional PI control structure, in particular in terms of constraint handling.     

高吸附性能芦苇活性炭的制备方法研究

为实现白洋淀芦苇的有效利用,以白洋淀淀区芦苇(白苇)为原料,以KOH、K2CO3为活化剂,综合考虑制备过程中的剂料比、浸渍时间、活化温度、活化时间等因素的影响,通过正交试验,以碘吸附值和亚甲蓝吸附值综合作为吸附性能高低的评价标准,进行活性炭制备方法研究。结果表明:在以KOH为活化剂、剂料比为4∶1、浸渍时间36 h、850℃下活化1 h的条件下,制备的芦苇基生物质活性炭碘吸附值最高,亚甲基蓝吸附值较高;以K2CO3为活化剂、剂料比为3∶1、浸渍时间12 h、900℃下活化2 h的条件下,制备的芦苇基生物质活性炭有最高的碘吸附值和对亚甲蓝具有良好的吸附性。制备的生物质活性炭碘吸附值均高于国家活性炭一级品标准(1 000 mg/g),具备一定的实用性。     

新型高沸点灭火剂与弹性密封材料的相容性研究*

为研究灭火剂与弹性密封材料的相容性问题,开展2种新型高沸点灭火剂2-溴-3,3,3三氟丙烯（2-BTP）、全氟己酮（Novec 1230）与飞机固定式灭火系统中3种常用密封橡胶材料硅橡胶（SI）、氟橡胶（FKM）和氟硅橡胶（FVQM）的全浸泡和反复浸泡实验,并对实验后橡胶基础物理参数与表面微观形貌进行测试与分析。结果表明:在全浸泡实验中,SI,FVQM与2-BTP相容性较好,SI,FKM,FVQM与Novec 1230相容性较好,可作为静态密封材料使用;在反复浸泡实验后,SI,FVQM在Novec 1230中性能变化较小,可作为其动态密封材料使用;SI,FKM,FVQM在2-BTP中力学性能大幅下降,不建议作为2-BTP灭火系统的动态密封材料使用。     

悬浮泥沙对酚类化合物的吸附特性研究

研究了4种分别取自长江口和杭州湾的悬浮泥沙样品对苯酚、邻氯酚和2,4-二氯酚的吸附特性.结果表明,在12 h内可以达到对酚类化合物的吸附平衡,对苯酚的吸附量小,且不同样品间无显著差别,样品对酚类化合物吸附量随着酚类化合物氯化程度的提高而增大,与样品粒径分布、比表面积、有机物含量有关.在酚类化合物初始浓度＜2.0 mg/L时,样品对酚类化合物的等温吸附可以用Freundlich吸附等温式来表征,计算得到吸附常数Koc分别为622～1 410、3 287～3 707、6 444～8 787.挥发酚国家二级排放标准限定浓度为0.5 mg/L以下,此浓度下水体中悬浮泥沙能够有效吸附挥发酚,但高盐度不利于酚类化合物的吸附.     

氨氧化菌混培物在O2/微量NO2下的氨氧化动力学

运用序批式试验,在无分子氧条件下,确定了好氧氨氧化菌的NO₂型氨氧化动力学方程,得到了最大氨氧化速率［q_NO2,max=0.144　mg·(mg·h)^-1］、二氧化氮半饱和常数(k_NO2=0.821 μmol·L^-1）和二氧化氮抑制性常数（k_i=1.721 μmol·L^-1）.在微量NO₂气体中添加2% O₂氧气后,氨氧化速率明显提高,最大氨氧化速率发生在体积分数2% O₂和50×10^-6 NO₂的条件下,达到0.198 　mg·(mg·h)^-1.在21%　O₂和微量NO₂条件下,氨氧化速率继续大幅度提高;在21%　O₂和100×10^-6　NO₂时氨氧化速率达到0.477 　mg·(mg·h)^-1,比无NO₂空气曝气条件下氨氧化速率高3倍.提出了NO₂表观强化氨氧化函数的概念,建立了在O₂和微量NO₂混合气体下的氨氧化动力学方程,利用2%　O₂和微量NO₂条件下的实验结果验证了动力学方程,讨论了NO₂强化氨氧化的机理.