铁路专用线声环境影响评价

针对新建铁路专用线沿线的环境特征，提出了铁路专用线声环境影响评价的程序、内容和方法。在目前缺乏新建铁路噪声预测模式的情况下，提出了应对铁路边界噪声、不同距离处的铁路噪声、敏感点噪声、鸣笛噪声进行预测，并以某铁路专用线声环境影响评价为例，对上述四种噪声进行了预测，通过预测得到铁路两侧的声环境状况，并以此为依据提出了铁路噪声的防治对策，以保证铁路专用线沿线声环境质量。     

活性艳红X-3B微波辅助光催化脱色的研究

研究了微波辅助光催化氧化(MW/UV/TiO2)处理活性艳红(X 3B)模拟废水。结果表明:400mg/LX 3B在反应150min时的脱色率由UV/TiO2体系的7.07%、MW体系的13.52%提高到了MW/UV/TiO2体系的56.35%。脱色反应速率随初始浓度(CX 3B)的增大而减慢;在强酸性介质中,脱色率更高;光照度(E)越强,越有利于X 3B脱色反应;改变催化剂投加量对X 3B脱色影响不大;H2O2浓度增加,X 3B脱色率升高;在以上条件下,X 3B的脱色反应均符合一级反应动力学方程,脱色反应中同时存在自由基反应与直接光解反应。     

城市化与国民经济发展之关系的理论分析

城市化水平与人均国民生产总值的统计关系在８０年代被建立,从理论上分析这个统计关系能加深对城市与经济发展之关系的理解。从经济学的要素替代和需求收入弹性原理概括了城市化的发展机制,认为任何一个国家或地区的城市化都遵从它。并构造了全国人均国民生产总值与城市人均国民生产总值、乡村人均国民生产总值、城市化水平的关系,它是普适的。如果假设城市、乡村人均国民生产总值的增长分别引起的全国人均国民生产总值的增长总是占据了一个不变的份额,同时,城市人均国民生产总值与乡村人均国民生产总值之差与全国人均国民生产总值成正比,那么,就可以据此演绎出这个统计关系。第二个前提暗示了一个城乡发展差距的倒“Ｕ”字型过程     

游离附生假单胞菌对铜绿微囊蓝细菌中32P释放的影响

采用同位素示踪法，分析游离附生假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp-)对富集^32P的铜绿微囊蓝细菌(Microcystis aeruginosa)中磷释放的影响．研究结果表明：在微囊蓝细菌生长的延迟期和对数期．游离附生假单胞菌的加入抑制了微囊蓝细菌中^32P的释放，而对蓝细菌的生长没有明显的影响；在微囊蓝细菌生长的稳定期和衰减期，假单胞菌促进其蓝细菌细胞内^32P的释放，同时也加速微囊蓝细菌的衰亡．假单胞菌对微囊蓝细菌^32P释放的促进作用是由于自身的吸磷能力导致的．假单胞菌的吸磷量由假单胞菌生物量和细胞内磷浓度决定，假单胞菌在微囊蓝细菌的整个生长阶段生物量不断增加，而体内^32P浓度在开始阶段很低．直到微囊蓝细菌进入稳定期才达到相对稳定。     

Connecting sources, fractions and algal availability of sediment phosphorus in shallow lakes: An approach to the criteria for sediment phosphorus concentrations

Although point and nonpoint sources contribute roughly equal nutrient loads to lakes, their relative role in supporting algae growth has not been clarified. In this research, we have established a quantitative relationship between algae-available phosphorus (P) and P chemical fractions in sediments; the latter indicates the relative contribution of point versus nonpoint sources. Surface sediments from three large shallow lakes in eastern China, namely, the Chaohu, Taihu and Hongzehu Lakes, were sampled to assess their algae-available P and chemically extracted P fractions. The algae-available P primarily comes from iron/aluminium (hydr)oxide-bound P (Fe/Al-bound P), 45% of which is algae-available P. The ratio of Fe/Al-bound P to calcium compound-bound P (Ca-bound P) indicated the relative contribution of point to nonpoint sources, with the point sources contributing the majority of increased Fe/Al-bound P in sediments. Therefore, the reduction of point sources from urbanized areas, rather than nonpoint sources from agricultural areas that primarily contribute to the Ca-bound P fraction, should be prioritized to alleviate cyanobacterial algal blooms (CyanoHABs) in shallow lakes with sediment P as a potential source to support algae growth. With these important results, we proposed a conceptual model for “P-pumping suction” from sediments to algae to aid in the development of the criteria for sediment P concentrations in shallow lakes.     

Prevalence and clinical significance of anticardiolipin antibodies in pregnancies complicated by parvovirus B19 infection

Anticardiolipin antibodies were measured in 60 pregnant women with acute parvovirus B19 infection. Test results for eight (13.3 per cent) women were positive for anticardiolipin antibody. Six of these eight women became negative later, yielding a prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies of 3.3 per cent (2/60) 6 months after acute parvovirus B19 infection. Anticardiolipin antibody positivity was not associated with an increased risk of abortion, fetal death, or maternal complications. This study suggests that there is an elevated frequency of anticardiolipin antibodies in pregnant women with acute parvovirus B19, probably representing an epiphenomenon. However, this is not associated with an adverse maternal or perinatal outcome.     

A fetus with a parvovirus B19 infection and congenital anomalies

A fetus with multiple structural defects was seen at prenatal ultrasound examination. After termination of the pregnancy a bilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate; micrognathia; and webbed joints were seen. Fetal tissues showed indications of infection, intranuclear inclusion bodies, chronic stress, haemolysis, arterial wall damage, and profuse haemorrhage. Parvovirus B19 DNA was detected in fetal tissues by dot hybridization after polymerase chain reaction. The possibility of parvovirus B19 infection leading to congenital malformations is discussed.     

模拟降雨条件下沉积物对磷的富集机理

通过模拟降雨径流实验，在７２ｍｍ／ｈ的大暴雨备件下，研究侵蚀性颗粒从土壤中的径流流失过程及其对磷的富集作用和机理。结果表明，深积物中不同粒长团聚体的组成和原来土壤中的组成有很大差异。径流流失的沉积物主要以０．２５ｍｍ以下的团聚体为主，径流中８０％以上的磷以颗粒态形式流失，而颗粒态磷的６０％－９０％随０．１ｍｍ以下的团聚体流失。不同粒径团聚体对磷的富集作用和富集系数不同。模拟实验建立了沉积物富集系数     

移动通信基站电磁辐射污染分析及对策

移动通信基站发射天线产生的电磁波对环境造成电磁辐射污染，通过对沈阳移动通信公司部分基站产生的电磁辐射强度的测试，摸清了污染特点及规律，为今后环境管理规范化提供重要依据．     

Human parvovirus B19 infection and unbalanced translocation in a case of hydrops fetalis

In a case of hydrops fetalis, serological examination showed a recent maternal human parvovirus B19 infection. Amniocentesis revealed a unique unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 3 and 11 of the fetus. The mother proved to have a balanced reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 3 and 11. A grossly macerated hydropic male fetus was delivered with a flat nose and low implanted deformed ears. Histopathological examination revealed nuclear inclusion bodies in fetal erythroid cells, confirming human parvovirus B19 infection. Parvovirus B19 DNA was demonstrated by in situ hybridization in the nuclei of heart muscle cells. Our finding of two different disorders in one case illustrates the importance of a complete evaluation of every case of hydrops fetalis, especially concerning counselling on the outcome of future pregnancies. The human parvovirus B19 infection will not recur due to the acquired immunity of the mother, whereas the balanced reciprocal translocation will endanger future pregnancies.